HTML - hypertext mutauro markup kuti akaita Internet sezvo tichiziva uye rudo. Zviri nemhaka chokushandisa ichi chinoshamisa nzvimbo kutarisa zvakanaka uye ano uye rinopa zvivanakire zvavo kushandisa. HTML rinongova anounganidza chinobatanidza padandemutande peji imwe iri rokushandisa-ushamwari chisarudzo. basa rake akafanana chokuti kuita chinyorwa vapepeti akadai MS Word kana OpenOffice. Vanodzinga munhu faceless guru nemabhii gwaro rine ndima, akashinga wenyaya, tatsveyamisa, matafura, uye kunyange zvifananidzo. Kungoda chete chinhu chinoita HTML, pamwe musiyano chete ari kuti magwaro ayo anonyorwa ari mubrowser, uye yaibvira chokushandisa iri rakasiyana zvikuru kupfuura chinyorwa mupepeti. Kushandiswa chiratidzo Tags - mirayiro inokosha anorondedzera padandemutande peji mamiriro. Ivo akanyudzwa angled mumabhuraketi - , kuti Browser aigona kutsaura kubva zvachose guru orugwaro. Next tichakurukura zvinokosha HTML nokuda beginners.

ziso vapepeti

Beginners chete tichigadzira nzira yokuti adzidze HTML, vanowanzotanga basa ravo pamwe zvirongwa rokusika Websites pasina ruzivo. Vanogona kungogovera zvinhu pamadziro sezvo ivo vachaonekwa vari mubrowser. Zvinoita sokuti, zviri pano - kunobva husingaperi nyasha, anobvumira kubvisa dzakawanda web Developers. Asi kwete saka nyore, nokuti ziso vapepeti vane kutadza zhinji kuti zvisingaiti kuzvishandisa zvakakomba mabasa.

Mapurogiramu aya pave zvakawanda zvisingakoshi Tags kuti chokupedzisira shanduro peji yainetsa uye suboptimal. Zvechokwadi, munguva ino kumusoro-nokukurumidza internet-zviri zvishoma kukosha pane kare, asi pane zvikonzero nei pfupi uye zvakanaka zvakanyorwa Website ari kupfuura anoshanda pane ishamwari kwayo, vakasikwa kutarisana mupepeti. Web peji kwakaitwa purogiramu yakadaro achapiwa inoshatiswa kubatwa kutsvaka injini chinokosha kwavari kilobytes ose remitemo uye yainetsa uye musoro romutemo neboka kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro zvikanganiso kashoma navo kuti kuravidza. Mukuwedzera, vapepeti kazhinji shure nguva, kuva hachibatsiri, uye kushandisa zvinhu ari kukura kwavo zvisingaiti nokuti hapana nyanzvi haazoshandisi zvigadzirwa izvi. Naizvozvo, munhu wose anoda kushanda pakusikwa nzvimbo, unofanira kuziva zvinokosha HTML.

Tags

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, mashoko Tags rinorondedzera maumbirwo padandemutande Browser peji yacho. Vazhinji vavo vane kuvhura nokuvhara Tags, asi kwete mose. Somuenzaniso, ... , apo pane pfungwa zvirimo. The rokutanga anoratidza izvi pane chipepa kunotanga, uye yechipiri avhara izvozvo. Mukati vamwe zvinhu zvingava zviri papeji marongerwo ivo vangava nested kufanana nesting nezvidhori. Pano zvinokosha kuvhara Tags kuti peji zvakarurama kuratidzwa.

Kunewo Tags kuroora, izvo hazvidi kuti kuvharwa. Mavari zvakanga mukati, uyewo unhu. Paunhu anogona ngarisimbiswe dzakawanda HTML-Tags uye anogadza zvivako zviri maatomu akafanana. Zvinonzi akasarudzwa muna chipepa yokutanga anotarira seizvi: chizenga = "...", apo pane pfungwa chizenga ukoshi. Ruzivo chipepa ndiye wokutanga uye chinokosha nhano kukura HTML. Zvinokosha Ndimi uyu achireva kunzwisisa padandemutande peji mamiriro.

gwaro mamiriro

Mumwe HTML Gwaro ane runoenzanirana Tingawedzera Somuenzaniso, Index.html. Saka Browser anogona kunzwisisa nezvaanazvo kuita, uye zvakarurama toramba peji. mafaira acho akashandisa kusika nzvimbo zvose, zvinokurudzirwa kuramba chete Directory kuti mune ramangwana vachagara hwomutambarakede zvikuru upenyu hwako. Nheyo Hypertext Markup Language HTML inosanganisira kunyatsonzwisisa sechivako racho. Unenge chete chipepa , anoudza Browser shanduro HTML, iyo inoshandiswa gwaro iri. Panguva iyoyo, kukamura uchishandisa cheshanu shanduro mutauro, saka hapana chikonzero wekuvamba chinhu, tinogona zvakachengeteka pinza The pamusoro Tag pamusoro chero peji.

Zvadaro endai huru aiwanzopiwa wokushanda mamiriro, vanoumba kuti "marangwanda" nzvimbo. The chipepa yokutanga iri kuisa vose - ... . Zvose zviri mberi, haisi kuzivikanwa Browser sezvo padandemutande peji imwe, kuti anovhura uye kuvhara gwaro. Tag Izvi zvinodiwa chero gwaro. Rinewo fanira Tags akawanda, izvo dzichakurukurwa pazasi.

musoro

Inside the chipepa ... rine mashoko ane unyanzvi hunhu, chisingazozikamwi kuratidzwa papeji, asi, zvakadaro, chinhu chinokosha gwaro HTML. Site chiziviso akaisa panzvimbo ino, vanosarudzwa uye chakaunzwa pakati yeEncoding peji zita. It zvirimowo mukati fanira Tag ... . It anoratidza zita iri pamusoro browser, apo unogona kuisa chiduku Icon nokuda peji kugutsikana. Hazvina here pakarepo kutaridzwa gwaro yeEncoding nokuda kwayo yakarurama kuratidzwa. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa pamwe chipepa . Meta mashoko ari pamapeji zvinopa marongerwo uye vari yemanyorero riri mukati musoro.

batanidzo

Basic zivo HTML kunosanganisirawo kushandiswa cascading zvitaera, kana CSS. Vakagadzika ehupfumi ose okunze kuti achapiwa hwakaratidzwa papeji. The ano yokusvika dambudziko iri kunosanganisira nokuiswa hwounhu akadai ruvara, kureba uye nzvimbo yacho chinhu, kuti zvokunze faira kuti wakawedzera nyore. Kubatanidza CSS-faira inoshandisa chipepa . In dzapedza chimiro, inoratidza chinhu chakadai: , izvo zvinoratidza href pamusoro nzvimbo faira, uye mhando - yawo mhando.

muviri

Zviri muchikamu ichi HTML-gwaro vakasikwa chinooneka chikamu peji. Zvose zvinoitwa mukati "muviri" achapiwa akaratidzwa Browser. Ari akashandisa guru yakawanda HTML tags. Basics - This chinyorwa formatting, kushanda Links uye nyore chishandiso inoumbiridza padandemutande peji imwe. Kuti kushanda HTML, zvakakwana kuziva dzinokosha Tags uye kuti kukwanisa kushandisa navo. Pazasi ndivo zvikuru nevanhu vacho:

• - chinoshandiswa kusvina munhu substring, kuti kupiwa maitiro, anorondedzerwa CSS;
• - unoitisa kubatana iri Web peji imwe; kusvetuka kero raanotaura chizenga href;
• - chimwe chezvinhu dzakakurumbira Tags ano; Munhu akasarudza kudzidza kutanga mutauro HTMLl vanofanira kubhadhara pfungwa pazviri, nokuti chidhina Kufananidzira, yakaitwa pahwaro mugove Websites yanhasi (the parameters kuti chinogumbura

  vari panzvimbo CSS, uye dzimwe dzakabatana anogona kuiswa mukati Tag ichi) weshumba;

• - anosarudza ndima chemashoko acho; zviri ndima iri pakati kuvhura nokuvhara Tags;

• - munhu akaverenga list, zvinhu zvinoumba zvaakafanana Tag peya ;
  1. - munhu bulleted list, iyo, uyewo vakaverengwa zvinhu zviri runotaurwa ne chipepa ;

     • -

       - Gwaro headers (nhamba inoratidza ufanane Header, kureva

       - huru musoro, uye nekutambira zvakasiyana ayo Subtitles, nenzira, kwevari misoro

       ,

       kwakaoma zvisingaiti kuwana paIndaneti yakazaruka dzezvimwe) zvinokoshawo kuyeuka kuti peji anogona kuva mumwe chete Header

       ;

     • - vakashinga acho;
     • - Italic;
     • - dzinoisa mifananidzo padandemutande papeji (ndiko imwe chipepa, hakufaniri kuvhara pasi, asi zvinotarisirwa kuti kutaridzwa alt chizenga, iro rinoti rugwaro kuti chifananidzo);

     Izvi handizvo zvose Tags zvakafanira chokusika dandemutande pachako peji rako, asi ivo vari yakakwana kuti nheyo HTML nokuda beginners.

     CSS

     HTML mutauro kukura kwakaita kuti chokwadi kuti mumwe chipepa obzavolsya uremu anoti, uye zvaanoda kuti chitarisiko yemapeji kunoreva kwakawedzera substantially. Code rava yainetsa uye zvakavaomera, zvakanga zvakaoma kuriverenga, ndoda kuchinja kana kuchinja. Kunze, ipapo kuti ziya, kuchinja ruoko ose kana enyu nzvimbo mapeji gumi, riri iro yakawanda misoro, chiratidzo mutema, uye iwe pakarepo aida kuti vave dzvuku. With veMubatanidzwa Cascading Style Sheets, izvi zvava nyore uye musoro, uye HTML-remitemo yava zvikuru verengeka.

     kushandisa CSS

     Rokusika Web mapeji, unofanira kuziva zvinokosha HTML uye CSS, saka ikozvino pasina ruzivo cascading Style machira kuita munzvimbo ichi chinhu. Vakagadzika unhu nechimwe chinhu, izvo zvinoshanda yose gwaro. Saka, unogona kuisa ruvara kamwe kwenguva dzose

     zvinhu kana , achinyora mutemo mumwe chete. Kupiwa kuitika zvinodiwa kuti chitarisiko pawebsite, kushandiswa Cascading Style Sheets kunotodiwa.

     Kuti kubatanidza CSS faira kuti gwaro, pane chipepa kubatana. Zvishoma pamusoro payo akatsanangura nheyo kushandiswa kwayo, asi handiro chete nzira tichibatanidza zvitaera zvose panzvimbo imwe. Kune chipepa , riri mu "musoro," iri gwaro uye anobvumira kuti vanyorese zvitaera pasina kushandisa CSS mafaira. Kwete hazvo kuti kushandisa munhu nzira kana imwe. Vanogona kuva zvinobudirira aibatanidza kubudisa zvakanakisisa mugumisiro. Kuti vagadzire faira pamwe maitiro machira vanofanira kusika faira pamwe chiwedzerwa .css, semuenzaniso, Styles.css.

     JavaScript

     Kazhinji munhu anenge asarudza kutanga kusimukira Web mapeji, anoziva kuti basa rake harisi zvakakwana kubva mari zvaipiwa HTML. Kunyatsogona achasika imwe peji akanaka, asi chii kana iwe pakarepo vanofanira kuti muverengi abatanidzwewo? Zvinangwa izvi, pane rakasiyana Muchiitiko zvirongwa mutauro kuti interacts zvakanaka HTML. Inonzi JavaScript, nokuti akanambwa munun'una chakakurumbira Java mutauro. Nhasi, izvi mitauro makagamuchira Misiyano, uye musiyano uri pakati pavo chete inokura.

     JavaScript ungasimbisa HTML zvinoita kuti pave uye pepeta tags. Uyewo tichibatsirwa ichi chinoshamisa chokushandisa, unogona kushanda pamwe Cokie, kudhanilodha mashoko kubva Server pasina reloading peji kuti nzvimbo zvikuru vatambi pane kubvumira HTML nezvaanogona. It ane mutauro uye zvausingakwanisi dzinoitwa vakachengeteka. Kana JavaScript harishandiswi kudivi Server, zvichaita kuitwa ezvinhu kuti anodzivisa kukwanisa yayo, kuti wavarwisi vaigona kushandisa bumbiro utsinye chero kombiyuta.

     vapepeti

     HTML zvinokosha nokuti mutsva vanoti ruzivo kupfuura nyore uye mazano chirongwa kusika padandemutande mapeji. Sezvinotsanangurwa pamusoro apa, ziso vapepeti akadai Dreamweaver uye zvakadai, hazvina yakakodzera zvinangwa izvi. Saka, nyora Tags mune dzose mukabhuku? Ipfungwa Izvi zvakare chokwadi, kubvira mureza notibhuku hazvina anokosha maturusi kuti marongerwo. basa iri kungaita kurarama nebhuku rokunyorera ++. A guru ndinoiitawo zvibereko izvi ndechokuti rakazaruka tsime uye zvakaparadzira mahara. Mairi pane mukana nemarongerwo ichijekesa uye car-mukuvhara tags. Nebhuku rokunyorera ++ rinopawo zvakawanda inowanikwa mumitauro, uye kukwanisa aro nyore kuwedzera uchibatsirwa dzakawanda kuwedzererwa.

     Kutobaya Text 3 - chirongwa akafanana nebhuku rokunyorera ++, asi anopararira iri kubhadhara hwaro. Kuti iye akakunda mwoyo Developers vakawanda. Kutobaya Text 3 rakanakira JavaScript, CSS uye HTML. Zvinokosha kushanda pamwe zvichaita kuti kudzidza pachavo, asi zvakakodzera. Rine risingaperi zvechokwadi pangave yakanaka-Tuning kuti Kunowanzurudza chinja purogiramu kuti aenderane zvaunoda.

     Zvinokosha HTML uye CSS nokuda beginners

     Sezvaunogona kuona, kudzidza unyanzvi pakusika pawebsite hakuna kuoma zvokuti zvinoita sokuti pakutanga kuaona. Mishomanana kurovedza zvinoshanda vachatendeukira kwamuri kubva anonyara ruzivo User kuti yokuvaka. Vorstke kudzidza nyore pane kudzidza chero zvirongwa mutauro kana Linux. Kutaura zvazviri, HTML Tags hazvisi zvokuti zvakakosha kunzwisisa zvinonyatsoshanda chikumbiro chavo.

     Regai kuva chakaipa bhizimisi iri unyanzvi basa muna Adobe Photoshop. chirongwa ichi kunoita kuti kushanda mapikicha, mifananidzo uye zvimwe hwakajeka zvinhu pawebsite. Panguva iyoyo kuti "Photoshop," zvakanakisisa kutsungirira zvinetso zvakadaro, kuti vakwikwidzi akanga zvishoma. Nokuti vaya vari chekambani Adobe chigadzirwa akauya nezvaanoda, ipapo Lightroom, GIMP, Illustrator uye nezvimwe zvirongwa zvakafanana mabasa.

     Kuti anopa zivo HTML

     Unyanzvi mukusika pawebsite rinoshanda zvikuru nhasi, sezvo Indaneti iri kuwedzera nokuda kusvetuka uye miganhu. Ose Enterprise, chero, kunyange zviduku chitoro, okudhindira uye mitambo makirabhu - zvose vanoda kuva website yako. Uye chokwadi, nokuti ichi vanoda kuva yokuvaka muridzi CSS uye HTML. Basics nyore kudzidza, uye ipapo zviri kuita. Sezvo marongerwo zvemichina kunoramba Virtual, kumberi-kuguma Developers nguva dzose kudiwa. Ani naani anosarudza kuzvipira hunonakidza indasitiri iyi, hakungambovi basa.