Imperial Eagle - gondo, iyo rwuripowo Red Book. Boneyard: tsananguro pamwe mapikicha

Imperial Eagle - Eagle vanhu vave zvishoma nezvishoma kuderera, pasinei nokurambidzwa kuvhima shiri iyi inodya nyama. Somugumisiro zvokurima mabasa inokosha nharaunda yevanhu date dzigare mairi kunyangarika, uye shiri dzinofanira kusarudzwa kuti ruminant kwete zvakanaka nzvimbo itsva uye kazhinji pedyo usina kuzvidzivirira simba nemitsetse.

Uyezve, pasinei nokurambidzwa zviri pamutemo, mune mimwe misha vanhu vachiri kutamburira pazvikara vachishandisa chepfu hwezvo, izvo vazhinji vakaurayiwa mhuka, kusanganisira makuva.

Origin of zita

Kwakavakirwa sei gondo-kuvigwa anonzi, tinogona kugumisa kuti zita rake akagamuchira somugumisiro nezvokuti anodyisa kunonyanya kubva zvakaora, asi hazvisi. Pakutanga yacho XIX remakore. muna Russia yakanga anongonzi chegondo. Asi pashure akatanga vachishingaira kudzidza Sea Aral nharaunda uye Kazakhstan steppes, apo shiri iyi Kazhinji agere pamusoro pazvikomo, izvo zvinozivikanwa, muri yekare nzvimbo yokuviga, kuti zita kuwedzera shoko "kumakuva".

Gondo Imperial, zita iro zvakananga shanduro kubva muLatin rinoreva "zuva", sezvo nendimi zhinji - "Imperial", munzvimbo dzakawanda, aimbova chikamu Soviet Union, achiri anoramba kwakakwidibira mufananidzo kwayo. Chokwadi kuti shoko "kumakuva" vanhu vakawanda kusonganira vakavigwa, asi kwete ane vanodada uye wakanaka shiri. Pasinei chokwadi kuti mumakore achangopfuura pane kuwedzera pfungwa kuti hapana kukuvadza yaizova kupa gondo ndeimwe, zvikuru nemachira zita zvinofadza, hapana zvokuita kuti izvi hazvisati kutorwa.

Imperial gondo: tsananguro

Kusiyana gondo rendarama, muswe ndiye achikanganisa-zvakaumbwa, uye minhenga pairi vanosarudzirwa kufanana kurudza panguva kumakuva, iye yakananga uye elongated, kunyange zvazvo vakawanda zvakafanana zvinogona kuonekwa pakati shiri. Muviri urefu anogona kusvika masendimita 85 chete kurema 5 kg kusvika specimens.

The pamakuva - gondo guru miganhu zvakakwana. The zvezvinotaurwa mapapiro aro 215 cm asi kukosha ichi vachiri hazvigoni kuenzaniswa rapanzvimbo ina mapapiro egondo. Color plumage yemakomo kubva shava kune dema. Munzvimbo zasheyke minhenga kupendwa mune chiedza mashanga ruvara uye zvishoma elongated. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kuchengetwa pamusoro pamafudzi mavara machena, akafanana epaulettes.

izwi

Tichienzanisa ayo yepedyo - chinyamudzura, Imperial chapungu, riri pazasi pamufananidzo, zvikuru ruzha shiri. Kakawanda iri imwe, izwi dzemakwiringwindi rakadzika anonzwika pakutanga pamusoro maberekero mwaka ari chinhambwe kusvikira mumwe kiromita kubva shiri. Duration rokuchema, vaguely chakatodzana imbwa kuhukura dzimwe nguva kusvika 10 mabhii.

Kuri kuti pamakuva yakawanikwa iri munharaunda yayo kunze iri kunharaunda dendere, izvozvo anotaura yambiro kuchema, haana kuteerera kuti, kuti munhu akashinga nzira yacho dendere, anogona vanokuvara.

chikafu

Most chinozikamwa ndiko kusiyana murwiyo yacho inosimbisa, izvo anoda kudya chapungu. Bird kuvigwa anokwanisa yakadaro zviduku nemakonzo munda iwoyo chido sezvo mhuka huru. Pakati mhuka zvokudya zvatinofarira kunopiwa hamsters nembeva, uye nhamba mhuka huru inoda imwe chisingarambiki zvinodiwa kuti hares uye vaduku, saibva nezvikara. Mukuwedzera, kuvigwa anodya chero shiri vane uremu hakuiti kupfuudza 3-4 makirogiramu.

Asi dendere pazvikomo akasarudza dzinogarisana gophers. Kazhinji, apo mhuka idzi hadzisi dziripo, zvapungu regai matendere. A chaizvo vashomanana yegwara zvapungu vakasarudza somubatanidzwa wechigarire dzinogarisana madhamu yaiva Kazakhstan uye Western kuSiberia, mudye omunzvimbo waterfowl, asi kunyange vane dzakawanda kugadzirwa kunodiwa kuti ivhu squirrels.

Kazhinji nemakonzo kuvigwa anobata pasi, uye shiri - vari chete kuenda kubvisa. Pazuva mukuru anoda magiramu anenge 600 nyama, uye pamberi kako Mavhoriyamu daily yakawedzera zvikuru, saka dzigare mairi haazombofi vasade zvakaora, iro achakwanisa kuona. Mavhoriyamu wakapedza kwangoderera yakawedzera muchirimo, kana zvokudya yakachena iri kusvika ipapo. Panguva ino, zvakananga overfly guva apo anogona vakawira ikoko pamusoro yechando, zvitunha zvemhuka izvo vavape zvokudya kwemazuva mashomanana.

Zvinokosha kuziva kuti mudenga shiri Eagle haafariri. Kuvhima pasi yemberi akuvara, zvinogona kubhururuka kwemaawa nokukwirira yakakwana kuti dzokubudisa rinoiona mberi nguva, kana wachi agere pachikomo, mune basa akakwana chiito pazvikomo.

Kushandurwa kupinda neshiri mukuru

The pamakuva - gondo, hafu risingagoni kusiyaniswa ruvara plumage. Flight neminhenga, zvisinei zvepabonde, shava pamusoro uye pasi. Muchiitiko chino, inobva dzakawanda Matandira vakachengeta Blurred mitsetse pfumbu muenzaniso. Coverts vanodzokorora ruvara dzeparamende, asi matauriro avo zvasviba zvikuru. The muswe iri ndachena namatema Sheen. The nenzara uye muromo neshiri mukuru nhema, kuti chete inosimbisa runako rwayo, akamira yero background, huri unhu chikamu muromo uye mhuka nemazinzara kuvigwa.

Nhiyo akafukidzwa kunyanya chiedza Buffy plumage shamhu longitudinal. Panyaya iyi, ndege minhenga vane vakapfuma shava ruvara. Mumakore akatevera, vachava zvishoma nezvishoma rima kusvikira ocher tint haina zvachose inonyangarika kubva ruvara. Change plumage wechiduku shiri richava shoma nguva, uye chete kamwe riri ruvara kuchaita dzinoenderana chose kuti ruvara shiri munhu mukuru, kuvigwa anonzi vakagadzirira akazvimirira vapenyu.

nesting nzvimbo

Bird akasununguka chinofamba panyika, asi chiitiko ichi rakanyatsojeka isingawanzowanikwi, uye kunogona kuonekwa chete mangwanani, apo kushaya updraft kunodzivisa pamakuva kure. Kazhinji kudiwa kumhara nokuti kuti munguva pfupi kunharaunda dendere iri. Kutaura zvazviri, kuvigwa - gondo anoda kuti nesting mugwenga inowanzorimwa uye masango inowanzorimwa munyika dzine, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa emakore.

The peya akasarudzwa nzvimbo, anongoti anovandudza dendere, manyana kuti vanzwe vakasununguka. Matendere anogona riri vaviri pasi, pakati mapazi kukura nemiti diki uye nemiti. Zvisinei, nesting nourefu chokuita imwe ngozi, nokuti shiri dziri kuramba kuunza fastening mapazi matsva uye misoro miti havangagoni kukunda kuwedzera uremu uye anogona kuputsa.

kubereka

Pakadaro, kana vaviri ari kugadzirira kuti mwana, anowana akakodzera dendere, zvinovaka yayo, kukura iyo munguva yapera anosvika 130-160 masendimita pahupamhi uye 70-90 masendimita kureba. Mumakore akatevera, dendere vhoriyamu zvichawedzera zvinokosha, uye zvinova anenge akakura chivakwa.

Zvichienderana dzinogarisana panguva oviposition kunotora mukupera March kusvikira mangwanani May. Imwe dendere haasi anopfuura 3 zai nokuturika izvo zvinoitika mazuva mashoma ose. zai saizi yemakomo kubva 53 mm kusvika 83 neMM, saka, zvisinei nesting, goko matte jena jena kana rima makwapa. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti kana pane kurasikirwa yepakutanga masonry, vaviri rinobviswa nzvimbo uye oriisa zvakare slots itsva.

incubation muitiro rinoitwa, vose nhengo vaviri, kutanga nemazai kwemazuva 43 okutanga. Panguva iyo kwaita kako kunoitika nenzira imwecheteyo, mazai dzakaiswa mune chii. Kurera vana kwave munhukadzi, uye hono bere chikamu chikuru earner zvaivararamisa mhuri. Around nemakore 2-3 mwedzi, manyana vanotanga kusiya dendere, asi kwenguva refu nguva vachiri kudzokera nokuda usiku sokuvapo regai kubhururuka pamusoro wechando wake wokutanga.

Ko Munhu akanaka anobudisa ane chinyamudzura?

Animal vanyatsowana vari kudana kwete kubata nesting nzvimbo shiri idzi nyama, uye dzinoshuma zvavanenge vawana kuzviremera zvakakodzera kuti kudzivirira mhuka. Chokwadi kuti kumakuva - haasi zvisingawanzoitiki chete, asiwo kubatsira shiri, izvo yekudyidzana zvinoderedza uwandu nemakonzo diki uye nokudaro nechokwadi pangozi zvirimwa. Mukuwedzera, gondo anodya zvakaora, iro, sezvo chikazozikamwa, anogona kushanda panobva zvirwere zvakakomba zvikuru muvanhu.

The kuvigwa pasi akanyorwa muna Red Book kunyika dzakadai Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan neAzerbaijan, izvo zvinorwadza akaranga chero chinhu zvainanga kuderedza yevagari venyika eshiri nyama.