Information hurongwa: mhando. Kupatsanura uye mhando mashoko enyika

Kushandiswa mashoko mugadziriro siyana yakapararira munzvimbo dzakawanda dzakasiyana munzanga, hurumende uye upfumi. Chinhu shure muitiro uyu - computerization, iyo hwapinda mukati sectors zvakawanda National upfumi. Ndezvipi Information Systems? Ndezvipi zvinodiwa kuti kupatsanura pakati zvekushandisa mhando iyi?

Information hurongwa: tsananguro

Pakati chakajairika Russian nyanzvi munharaunda tsanangudzo chii "mashoko hurongwa", unogona tisasiya zvinotevera Pfungwa. Zvinofadza zvikurukuru nokuti rinoshandiswa zvimwe zvinokonzera mutemo, uye naizvozvo, inokosha pfungwa dzayo, zvarwo, vakaona munharaunda.

Maererano Pfungwa iyi, imwe ruzivo hurongwa zvinonzwisiswa somunhu yakatarwa magwaro uye midziyo kombiyuta anoshandiswa munhu ane maonero kuronga kuvandudza kunyatsoshanda ivavo kana zvimwe zvinetso. Pane dzimwe tsanangudzo. Mune mumwe wavo, mashoko hurongwa - muenzaniso kadambari (kana wemishonga wandei) vakagadzirira pamwe zvakafanira software, zvichiguma kuitika kubudiswa autonomously kana mashoko chinja chokushandisa.

Nzira dzekuziva nadzo kupatsanura nehurongwa

Funga nzira iyo Classified mashoko mugadziriro, mhando zvinhu inoita vatsvakurudzi. Cherechedza kuti vanhuwo nzira nyanzvi kungogara. Somugumisiro, kuRussia masayendisiti akazviratidza nzira dzakawanda kuti kuti aitsaura sei mashoko enyika, avo marudzi. Pakati vanhuwo - muenzaniso umo vari kufungwa padanho kusangana pezvakaitwa, mashoko mifananidzo, zvakananga chikumbiro kwemauto, ari administrative nenhanho kushandiswa, uyewo mabasa akasiyana-siyana. Nokudzidza chii vari ruzivo mugadziriro, avo mifananidzo, inobva mubairo zvinodiwa pamwe chete.

Padanho kwacho kusangana

Vatsvakurudzi vanoverengeka vanosarudza patsanura negadziriro zvichienderana sei vari revatema pezvakaitwa dzinokosha. Kuparadzaniswa, marudzi kuitira kuti matatu mananara pasi kukurukurwa.

Chekutanga, ndiko zvizere revatema hurongwa. Vanoshandira pamusoro zvakafanana Misimboti Database chizvarwa, ruzhinji constituent zvinhu chokuita nevamwe. Izvi zvinogona kuva pachena mashoko gadziriro, kubata, somuenzaniso, kuverengwa mavhoti panguva yesarudzo. Mumwe nomumwe pezvivako ayo - pachiyero miganhu polling pazviteshi, kwematunhu uye yeUnited dunhu - ikashandiswa mune muenzaniso chete.

Chechipiri, mashoko hurongwa vari vemunyika. mamiriro avo chinomiririrwa vezvikwata akawanda kuti aite zvimwe chairo. Kutaurirana pakati nomumwe wavo, sezvo mutemo, akaratidza nenzira zvakafanana chinangwa, asi kwete ari rutivi kugadzirwa nengetani. Izvi zvingava yemakambani mashoko enyika ari kugadzirwa, hurukuro chikwata basa kutakura kubuda mudariro kugadzirwa.

Chechitatu, nyanzvi govera Zvaparara mashoko enyika. Ivo, pamwe chete yapfuura mhando mananara anomiririrwa yoga dzichipfekeka kutigumbura, zvisinei, mubatanidzwa upi chinangwa kana iri zvoushumiri kufanana mabasa, sezvo mutemo, riri simba. Anogona sangana navo, somuenzaniso, kuti zvizivikanwe zita mugadziri Software kana Hardware.

Company-yokuvaka kuti IT-zvigadzirwa inogona kugadzirwa, somunhu musiyano pakati chikuru mashoko hurongwa zvakagadzirirwa kuti flagship wokutengesa. Uye panguva imwe chete pasi chete muchiso - akawedzera zvigadzirwa. Kuti vakawanda zvinhu zvinogona kunzi ichi mhando chigadzirwa, ive ruzivo hurongwa. Kunyange zvazvo mhando mabasa anoitwa neimwe mhinduro vachava akasiyana zvachose.

date mhando

Chimwe chokuratidza kuti inogona semhosva ruzivo mugadziriro, mhando kwavari - kunyanya mhando date kuti chinogadzirwa mu kuumbwa kuMudzidzisi Hardware uye Software algorithms. Nyanzvi Modern govera saka muvhidhiyo maitiro uye ndeechokwadi. Boka rokutanga rinosanganisira avo umo kubudiswa mashoko murugwaro pamanyorerwo kana dziri mifananidzo. Boka rechipiri - avo umo mashoko hova kushandiswa, yakavakwa muna watodaro zvimwe zvinhu. Pakati izvi zvinogona Somuenzaniso, imwe Database. Pasinei avanotarisira kusanganisira vose rwezuva uye dzimwe nguva Graphics mafaira - chete pasi dzimwe algorithms nyaya yechokwadi mavari kunogona ukoshi. Chinangwa mashoko ezvinhu - zvakarurama kuratidza uye kududzira nokuda mushandisi pavo.

Muganhu pakati magwaro uye ndeechokwadi sequences panguva imwe chete zvinogona zvemasanga chaizvo. Naizvozvo, mugadziriro kupatsanura chokuratidza haisi kwose kugamuchirwa nenyanzvi. Vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti chero gwaro rine zvakadaro MASHOKO. Kanenge pachiyero sechivako iri rinobva vezvenhau kana gore kuchengetwa, apo ivo dziri. Pasinei chii anoratidzwa mune imwe mufananidzo kana filmed vari muvhidhiyo faira uchava chaiyo kero, zvichava hwake vhoriyamu, unhu zviratidzo. nharo ichi rinowanzoshandiswa ne vaongorori senzira kutsanangura maonero avo munhaurirano nenyanzvi vanotenda Somuenzaniso, kuti mamwe mafaira - mifananidzo, mavhidhiyo - hamugoni nguva dzose kurondedzerwa se vatakuri yakarongwa gadziriro ezvinhu chokwadi.

indasitiri-chaicho

Zvinotevera chokuratidza kuti kupatsanura mashoko gadziriro - kushandiswa imwe kwemauto hwenyika, nokure enyika kana nevamwe. Zvikurukuru, yemakambani mashoko hurongwa, sezvinoita mutemo, dzakashandisa zvinodiwa dzakananga zvikamu vemabhizimisi, bhizimisi kana basa mhando. Dzimwe sarudzo akakodzera anogona kuva mazhinji.

administrative chechetere

Izvo zvinoreva kuti kupatsanura zvinodiwa? Pano, somunhu mutemo, chinhu rakananga muenzaniso zviga sangano hunyambiri simba uye kuzvidzora enyika. Nyanzvi saka voga mananara akadai Federal Information System, emunharaunda kana Somuenzaniso, matunhu neminisiparati. All pamusoro zvakafanana vaiita masimba. Regional mashoko hurongwa mabasa kana toreva Russia, pachiyero batana nyaya. Municipal - mune imwe nzvimbo kana nzvimbo.

Zvisinei, kuti musiyano wezvinyorwa umo mashoko ezvinhu ndiyewo imwe mhando sangano rinogona semhosva chikamu nhau zvinodiwa. Izvi ndizvo makambani makuru, padandemutande mavanga. Vangava vaiva centralized utariri mamiriro zvimwe mhando, izvo zvichaita kushandisa mashoko ezvinhu chete chechetere, uyewo emunharaunda mahofisi, ayo anoshanda yakasiyana mhando mhinduro.

basa mhando

Chimwe kupatsanura chokuratidza - zvaimirirwa mabasa wegadziriro. Maererano nayo, penyanzvi akatorazve Somuenzaniso, kombiyuta mashoko hurongwa, maduramazwi mabasa ayo - chikumbiro, zvikurukuru, nechinangwa kwemasvomhu algorithms pakuverenga zvimwe rakawandisa nokupfupikisa nenhamba utariri nevamwe zvinhu vachishandisa kukarukureta Software mirayiro. Rumwe rudzi correlative enyika pamwe chokuratidza kuti kupatsanura sezvo mufananidzo mabasa - utariri. basa ravo Kazhinji nezvezvandaifanira basa mumunda management mubhizimisi, logistics, inivhesitimendi basa.

Nzira dzekuziva kuti kupatsanura mashoko enyika, sezvataona pamusoro, pane zvakawanda. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinotaura Somuenzaniso, hurongwa dzakashandisa mhando user. Saka, pane zvinogadzirisa musha, hofisi, tsvakurudzo. Kune avo vari dzakashandisa chaizvo unyanzvi kana vanhu vari kunyanya utongi. Somuenzaniso, nyanzvi kuziva inokosha mashoko hurongwa kuti zvakanakisisa inogona akaderedzwa zvikurukuru pamusoro mamaneja, chadzo - nokuti pakati-pamwero mamaneja, uyewo operative, kuti vari rigadzirirwe nyanzvi.

Muganhu pakati nzira dzekuziva kuti kupatsanura mashoko gadziriro kazhinji ndokunge chaizvo. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, rinobatsira utility pamusoro pakunzi munhu chigadzirwa kune imwe boka hapana zvikuru papfungwa mabasa kuita chero kwesayenzi kana yokungotaura vafunga sezvo Somuenzaniso, nokuti yokutengesa zvinangwa. Ndizvo chete-software IT-kambani anogona ngaateme mune zvakasiyana maviri dzakananga musika zvikamu. Pamutemo - zvichange zvakasiyana mashoko sistmy. Kutaura zvazviri - zvakafanana.

Zvinogona kuonawo kuti vamwe mashoko gadziriro Classified maererano rwakati nzira, sezvinoita mutemo, rinogona kuzivikanwa ndeve uyewo dzimwe mhando. Nerumwe, akaderedzwa Somuenzaniso, kuti matambudziko ari mafuta indasitiri chingava panguva paro, zvakazara revatema kubudiswa ndeechokwadi data, kutsoropodza utariri mabasa.

zvekupfakira hurongwa

Funga chinhu kugutsikana, kana kuti mashoko zvokudya mashoko enyika. Nei kuva zvakakosha? Chokwadi uyu muitiro, dzimwe nyanzvi dzinofunga nechikonzero chakanaka chokuratidza kuti nhengo imwe chinogona mashoko hurongwa. Above tinoona kuti maererano nomumwe tsanangudzo munyika anofanira kuva zvionera. Izvo, maererano vaongorori, dzinogona kurondwa mune zvatinoita mashoko kuchengeteka.

Nyanzvi anoshanda zvakasiyana-siyana mashoko achirondedzera izvi. Somuenzaniso, akadai "kugutsikana." Zviri yokungotaura nhamba zvaakaratidzwa inogona maitiro akadai bhuku kuitika uye akakodzera. channel chaiwo kuburikidza iyo mashoko kutsigira mashoko enyika, vari kunorondedzerwa specificity yavo. Kana, neimwe nzira, kuva mumwe kupfuura mhando. Somuenzaniso, zvinotisimbisa mashoko mugadziriro zvekupfakira, kushanda imwe kwemauto, angava hunhu rokuzvidavirira data, mashoko kuratidza urongwa, kana Somuenzaniso, kumhanya rokutengesa chezvinhu.

Yandex, Google - mashoko enyika?

Zvinganzi kuti rakakurumbira Russian kutsvaka injini paInternet - Yandex, Google, kureva mashoko? Mushanduro dzimwe nyanzvi - hungu. Zvisinei, vaongorori vanoti, Yandex uye Google zvaizova zvakarurama kuti patsanura ive ruzivo kudzosa hurongwa. Sezvo pfungwa zvinangwa, achiratidza kushandisa kwavo, akabatanidza zvikurukuru nokuwana zvakarurama mashoko ari arrays iri paIndaneti.

Ndizvo panguva nemaonero kuti Yandex, Google, uye analogues dzavo zvakarurama sechinoitika zvikurukuru nokuda kutsvaka michini, asi kwete mashoko. Sei? Chokwadi kuti izvi Web pfuma, vaongorori vanoti ndiye algorithm, asi kwakawedzera pamusoro mumwe ruzivo mugadziriro - nemamiriro nzvimbo, iyo servers. Search injini pachavo, nyanzvi dzinoti, havabatanidzwi paumbwe kugutsikana, kwete kuzadza nzvimbo. ruzivo Urongwa basa hakuna mabasa navo, zvichiguma unoenderana Yandex uye Google ezvinhu, kuita panheyo kuzvionera, haisi chaizvo wagona kudana.

Protection mashoko enyika

Kuchengeteka mashoko enyika kakawanda - chinokosha kwavo kushandiswa zvinobatsira. Zvinetso kugadziriswa zvekushandisa mhando iyi kazhinji zvinosanganisirei voga, mikana yomuropa, wezvokutengeserana uye maindasitiri zvakavanzika zvimwe mhando. The sezvo muenzaniso ehurumende mashoko ezvinhu ataurwa pamusoro-, zvabuda musarudzo dziri akaverenga, - chinhu, mune chokwadi, rudzi kukosha. On sei akunoita uye qualitatively, kwete wevadukusa, kunodzivirirwa kunoenderana Kururama kuverengwa mavhoti panguva yesarudzo ari President, navabati of State Duma - Russia anokosha masangano ezvematongerwo enyika.

Nyanzvi kuona zvinhu zviviri chikuru kuchengetedza ruzivo hurongwa: hwokugadzira uye magariro. Achitaura rokutanga - rakavimbika algorithms inopiwa kudzivisa kunze komutemo kukwanisa kubudikidza-software uye Hardware nematurusi mari. Kureva hurongwa kunodzivirirwa kunyanya nokuda hackers nemazvo - .. Avo vane nzira dzakasiyana utachiona utachiona makombiyuta munyika, mano zvokufungidzira mavara echivande, scanners, kadhi vaverengi, etc. Panyaya chimwe chinhu, kuchengetedzwa mashoko gadziriro inopiwa pakatanga algorithms kuti kuderedza mukana kukanganisa kwevanhu vari kudzorwa kuwana mari. Kazhinji, tiri kutaura pamusoro pokushandiswa avo vanhu kuda kupinda hurongwa, vamwe pokunzvenga napo dzouori, wokurangana, pfumbamuromo wevanamakanika nguva dzose zvishandiso kuwana mari.

Development mashoko enyika, saka, unofanira kufungawo arambe mukati idzodzo anoratidza izvi zvinhu yokuchengeteka. Izvi zvingareva Somuenzaniso, kuti IT-kambani, achizivisa akakodzera zvingaitwa pamusoro pamusika, chaitwa kuisa mukati bumbiro zvigadzirwa zvayo algorithms kuti tiite patronage hurongwa kubva vachipaza maererano dzekuziva kuti takatsunga ne muridzi kuchengetedzwa upfumi. Kana, neimwe nzira, kuratidza chido mushandirapamwe kuva akavimbika algorithms vasaziva kunze komutemo kuwana.

Information hurongwa - Maitikiro acho kazhinji zvinoda kwazvo yakawiriranwa kusangana pamusoro yokuvaka uye haizopereri achiputa ari runoenzanirana zvisarudzo, kunyanya kana totaura eHurumende. It kazhinji zvinoitika kuti chigadzirwa anouya ari boxed pamanyorerwo - somunhu Anti-utachiona kana Somuenzaniso, imwe hofisi Suite. Information hurongwa budiriro kazhinji kunotanga nokudzidza zvakananga mabhizimisi yeGmail.END_STRONG kambani kana mabasa kuti kuitwa vachishandisa akasika Hardware uye software. Uye chete pashure IT-kambani anotanga vateye zvakakodzera algorithms - pasi chaizvo zvinodiwa kuti mutengi.

Kuchengeteka mashoko gadziriro hazvifaniri pakukuvadza huru mabasa kuti basa pakati-software uye Hardware mhinduro mhando iyi. Maererano nedzimwe nyanzvi, hapana zviyero date unodzivirira, pasinei yakachengeteka zvingava, usingatangi tuzvikonzero pacharo, kana kuguma achiputa IT-zvigadzirwa havazokwanisi kushandisa zvinhu zvaunofanira mhinduro zvakazara.