Intellectual pfuma uye Entrepreneurship sechinhu chinoita okuwana

Hwaro utsanzi upfumi ndiwo akaita zvinhu, chinonyanya kukosha anoonekwa kuna rezvedzidzo basa, danho, Entrepreneurship sechinhu chinoita okuwana. tsika International zvakaratidza kuti akasununguka zvebhizimisi sechinhu chinoita okuwana uye zvibereko rezvedzidzo basa nhasi zvinokosha twa chero basa sangano.

Hukuru chinzvimbo mune nyika kutengeserana nokuda rezvedzidzo wezwi pamusoro yemakambani uye makambani, ichipa kusikwa michina ano uye avo mutemo unodzivirira mune vaizotibata mumisika. Kurwira oga (bvumidzwa) kodzero michina itsva, zvitsva nzira bhizimisi, kombiyuta anodawo hurongwa uye software, uye dzimwe itsva mhinduro. Information sechinhu chinoita okuwana pacharo rava chinhu chinokosha, nhaka unova abudirire kweupfumi. Mune utsanzi upfumi okuwana zvinoita chinhu itsva zvebhizimisi, uyewo nhaka rezvedzidzo pfuma.

Kutanga inokosha yemakwikwi zvinobatsira kunoitwa nokuwedzera chisingaoneki yesangano mumapoka (patents uye maindasitiri mazano, zvitupa nokuti trademarks, etc.), paumbwe imwe Portfolio pakati patents kuti maximize ari nenzvimbo oga kodzero dzokurasa rokusikwa njere pfuma. Kuwana oga kodzero rezvedzidzo pfuma zvigadzirwa anobvumira muridzi kuti abudirire kutengesa zvinhu zvavo uye mabasa pamisika, kudzivisa kwavo kungatonziwo vakwikwidzi vanowana okuwedzera mari kubva kutengeswa marezinesi. A bhizimisi akafanana mukugadzira kana kudzora zvinhu kuti nharaunda chaiyo apo vose yakanatsa basa rava kunyange vakakurumbira zvikuru chinzvimbo. Chikonzero ichi ndechokuti itsva nzira dzakawanda kwakaita kuti paumbwe imwe itsva kwemauto wenyika kutengeserana - ungwaru pfuma pamusika. Chikamu nemauto The kukurumidza kuwedzera anomira kutengeserana kune itsva Michina marezinesi, software engineering zvekushandisa Consulting mabasa, kusanganisira basa exchange uye kuchinjwa njere pfuma zvigadzirwa.

The wegore kukura mwero mabasa aya pamusana anenge 10%. The kutengeswa ichiwedzera munyika anosanganisa patented rwokugadzira. kambani iyi South Korea, China, Singapore, Brazil, India nedzimwe nyika. Anovandudza uye Russian pawaitengesa rezvedzidzo pfuma. Asi, panguva iyoyowo, kana Makambani pose uye mabhizimisi vari munzira kuwedzera mugove guru zvedzidzo uye simbisa kusikwa mutemo unodzivirira uye commercialization pamusoro rezvedzidzo pfuma zvigadzirwa, ruzhinji zvezvipfuwo ezvokutengeserana uye kwesayenzi masangano vachiri kuratidza vade uye bvumidzwa uye kutyora basa, va neudhadha kurasa chete kodzero pedyo OIC. Of vakanyorwa musi 01.01.2011 patents akaita 33 chete% pakati patents gore negore zvinobatsira chete anenge 10% kuti zvigadzirwa zvakasikwa (maererano zvimwe zvinhu kunyange yakaderera), chete anenge 5% of zvinhu uye mabasa vane pamutemo kuchengetedzwa kunyika ekisipoti, asingasviki 1% kubva zvigadzirwa patented ne dzakawanda kunyoresa pakuvhiya. Muna 2010, kubva ose rezinesi zvibvumirano, zvakanga: 19 ine patented kuvamba (4%), wakawanirwa muenzaniso 22 (4.7%), maindasitiri ivhu 6 (1.3%), ziva-sei pamusoro 79 (16.9%), chinokosha zvinoratidza 331 (70.7%). About 80% kuti rezinesi zvibvumirano akagumisa pakati vagari munyika, izvo zvinoratidza kuti chete anovandudza zvipfuwo pamusika wacho marezinesi zvokutengeserana uye Entrepreneurship, somunhu chinhu okuwana, kukura mune chidimbu ichi hakuna kukwana.

Nokuraramisa matambudziko mutemo unodzivirira itsva michina zvigadzirwa nekuda ekisipoti, ari commercialization ari OIC vatorwa patenting uye kutengesa marezinesi zvipfuwo nokubudirira zvine chokuita kushaya mari yokutsvakurudza uye kukura, asi rutapudzo bhuku uye mari yose proprietary uye mumaindasitiri nesayenzi, kushaya mari kuti vawane kudzivirirwa nomutemo mune dzimwe nyika , rawness kuti musika zvigadziriswe kukurudzira vanyori uye masangano kusika OIC, kushaya ano kwezvivako Institute ellektualnoy uye zvokutengeserana.

Kugadzirisa aforesaid matambudziko, iwe unofanira:

- kupa kukoshesa mari yepamusorosoro zvirongwa basa utungamiriri inokosha kukosha kuwedzera kunze kwenyika, mazita chinova here kutsanangura mutemo wehurumende rinokosha;

- kuderedza mari mutero unodiwa kuti utsanzi-basa masangano anosvika 10%, pakunomboita maduku uye svikiro kadikidiki mabhizimisi masangano kubva kwokuripirwa mari mutero;

- ubvise mitero yose chisingaoneki yesangano pakati masangano aya okuti pamusoro chizvidavirire zvinyorwa OIC;

- kuti vabatsire kusikwa uye kukura kwezvivako pamusoro itsva mabasa, kusanganisira zvemichina mumapaki, mabhizimisi incubators, asingashumbi guru makambani, duku itsva Masangano kuburikidza mari nyika yavo nezvinhu zviri emakambani ehurumende, zvesayenzi uye dzidzo nemasangano;

Zvakakodzera kuva:

a) yerera machati (muenzaniso) ari commercialization pakati zvakagadzirwa kuitika zviri OIC mumunda yakakwirira ruzivo sezvo mazano zvoupfumi masangano.

b) Dzidziso zvokuvakisa kutengeswa uye kutengwa yepamusorosoro kukura marezinesi ane patented zvekushandisa, mifananidzo uye magadzirirwo mhinduro.

c) nhungamiro kuti vakwanise kushandisa ano muchiso michina kusimbisa makwikwi mishonga uye mari vachida.