Kemesitiri Great uye kurima: tandem

NTP mune zvokurima muna imwe nharaunda aimiririra chemicalization - zvinowanzoshandiswa sectors zvose zvokurima makemikari, nematurusi uye muitiro.

The chikuru nzvimbo kushanda makemikari ari kurima vari:

- gadzira pamusoro fetiraiza uye inosimbisa phosphates;

- huchiita kuti ivhu nesuko, gypsum uye zvimwe zvinhu kuitira kuvandudza mamiriro avo;

- kushandiswa chirimwa unodzivirira zvigadzirwa sora, rodenticide, zvipembenene;

- kushandiswa kukura vanosimudzira vari kudyara kurimwa;

- Kugadzirwa matsva nzira kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakatipoteredza noushamwari zvirimwa;

- kushandiswa kukura vanosimudzira kuti kuwedzera negoho remhuka, okusuma kupinda zvokudya inosimbisa yokuvirisa;

- kushandiswa mune zvokurima pamusoro polymeric nezvinhu;

- kusunungurwa zvinhu zvinopa madiki Mechanisation mune zvokurima.

Kushandisa mishonga mune zvokurima akagadzirirwa nechokwadi kukura okuwana, Unganatsiridza uye kuwedzera pasherefu upenyu mishonga, kuitira zvezvakatipoteredza zvinodiwa mune zvokurima uye kuvandudza Kushanda hwokurima uye mhuka minda.

Chemistry uye kurima - vari vaviri vasingasiyani pfungwa munguva yedu. Chimwe chikuru kuitika mune zvokurima ndiyo kugadzirwa fetiraiza. Kugona kwavo yekudyidzana zviwedzerwe kukabatanidzwa kushandiswa nevamwe tsika zvokurima.

By mavambo fetiraiza All akakamurwa chicherwa (inorganic), makemikari, utachiona uye organomineral.

NeMakemikari zvokurima vari kushanda ari kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa fetiraiza, izvo zvinosanganisira inorganic zvinhu vakawana panguva pakurapa inorganic mbishi zvinhu. Musi Zvinoumba chicherwa fetiraiza akakamurwa potassium, phosphorus, senitrogen uye micronutrient fetiraiza, izvo zvinosanganisira molybdenum, Boron, etc.

Organic fetiraiza, iyo inopa kemisitiri uye kurima anoshandisa mune zvavanoda, ndiko peat, mupfudze, zvokudya tsvina, bagasse, ornithopus, lupine uye mutsvina yadzo. In izvi zvinhu vari zvinovaka muviri kuti mhuka kana muriwo mavambo.

Kuwedzera kune izvi, pane organo-chicherwa fetiraiza, rine kwaro sezvamunoita chicherwa uye makemikari nyaya. Fetiraiza yakadaro vakawana nokubata Organic zvinhu pamwe phosphoric asidhi kana amoniya, kana nokusanganisa Organic fetiraiza, akadai peat, chicherwa fetiraiza.

Modern kemesitiri uye kurima - ari kushandisa zvibereko kwemabhakitiriya fetiraiza, vari zvinodhaka, zvinova chikamu tsika zvigare anokwanisa kugadzira Organic fetiraiza uye ivhu. Ava vanosanganisira Azotobacter uye ivhu nitragin.

fetiraiza All kushandiswa mune zvokurima, Classified ne uwandu hwezvinhu zvose zvabatanidzwa. mamiriro kupinda zvikukutu, mvura uye VaMadiro, uye nokuda agrochemical matanho - zvakananga, zvisina kunanga kana chengetedza chirimwa kukura.

Direct fetiraiza chakagadzirirwa nokukurumidza simba chirimwa akasiyana-zvinhu uye kuronda okunze, uye podrazdelyutsya kune nyore (senitrogen - Ammonium, amoniya, amide, nitrate, uye mubatanidzwa dzaro; phosphate - soluble uye insoluble mumvura asi soluble iri mhinduro ine cucumber asidhi uye soluble; potashi - mbishi munyu uye pfungwa fetiraiza, micronutrient - zvekushandisa wemisanganiswa, ane zvisaririra okunze), uye fetiraiza kunzwisisa.

Kunanga fetiraiza inoshandiswa kuvandudza fetiraiza kushandiswa uye mamiriro anechekuita muchimiro mumuviri, kemikari kana microbiological migumisiro panyika.