Koh Robert: A Biography. Genrih German Robert Koch - akahwina mubayiro weNobel muna Physiology kana Medicine

Genrih German Robert Koch - akakurumbira German chiremba uye microbiologist, akahwina mubayiro weNobel uye muvambi bacteriology ano uye epidemiology. Aiva mumwe kupfuura inozvikudza masayendisiti remakore rechimakumi maviri kwete chete muGermany asi pose. Vakawanda kubudirira mukurwisa zvirwere convection kuti kusvikira zvidzidzo ake akanga chisingarapiki, vakava unopinza achapesana mune zvokurapa. Ari hakugumiri kudzidza imwe nzvimbo unyanzvi, haana kumbomira yemasikati nechirwere chete. All hwake akaratidza zvakavanzika zvirwere nengozi. Kuburikidza pamabasa ake takaponeswa Zvaifadza mari hwevanhu, uye ichi ndicho kuzivikanwa zvikuru zvechokwadi nokuda musayendisiti.

kubudirira Major

Herman Koch aiva imwe dzomupepanhau nokuda St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences uye nemamwe masangano mazhinji. Mune piggy kubhengi pamabasa ake pane mabhuku akawanda ari zvirwere uye dambudziko navo. Akatevera uye waongorora kuti kwainge pakati chirwere uye zvigare. Mumwe zvaainyanya zvakawanwa - iri kuwana causative nomumiririri tibhii. Aiva musayendisiti wokutanga uyo akakwanisa kukwanisa kuumba spores pamusoro nechigwadara. Kudzidza zvirwere anoverengeka vakauya musayendisiti vsmirnuyu kubwinya. Muna 1905, German Koh akagamuchira Nobel Prize pamusana pamabasa ake. Uyezve, mumwe wokutanga vanhu vari kutarisirwa utano German.

udiki

Remangwana nyika yakakurumbira musayendisiti akazvarwa Clausthal-Zellerfeld muna 1843. Childhood mukomana - young zvakasikwa - akapfuura nyore uye vasingakendengi. Vabereki vake vakanga vasina chokuita nesayenzi, baba vake akashanda mumigodhi, uye mai vake vakatarisa vana, vaiva gumi, Koh Robert aiva rechitatu. Akatanga mangwanani chaizvo kuti kufarira kunze nyika, sekuru vake kare zvikuru kufarira yave buoyed uye sekuru, uyewo aine kufarira zvakasikwa. Kunyange somwana, akaisa pamwe dzakaunganidzwa tumbuyu, mosses uye lichens. Muna 1848 iye akanyoresa pachikoro. Kusiyana nevakawanda vana aitoziva kuverenga uye kunyora, akanga vaikwanisa. Nguva pfupi pashure pacho, iye kunyange vakakwanisa kuenda kuchikoro, uko iye akazova mudzidzi yakanakisisa.

yunivhesiti

Ndapedza chikoro, musayendisiti yemberi vakapinda zvakakurumbira University of Göttingen, iye apo tanga kudzidza sayenzi zvakasikwa, uye akatanga kudzidza mushonga. Uyu ndiwo mumwe chete mumayunivhesiti German, yaiva nomukurumbira kubudirira kwesayenzi vadzidzi. Muna 1866, Koh Robert akagamuchira zvokurapa dhigirii. A basa rinokosha kukura kufarira mushonga uye tsvakurudzo yunivhesiti vadzidzisi airidza Koch, kubva pakutanga chaipo achitevedzera vadzidzi 'kukwanisa rudo kwete chete kune mushonga, asi sayenzi.

Early basa

A gore pashure chikoro, Koch akaroora, aiva mwanasikana kubva kumuchato uyu. Mukutanga nguva yake basa, Koch aida kuva hondo kana chikepe chiremba, asi ichi mukana haana pamberi pake. Koch nemhuri yake vakatamira muna Rackwitz, apo akatanga kushanda muchipatara nokuda kuvapengesa. Vasingafari kutanga basa, asi zvaiva chete pokutangira Chokwadi kuzvarwa musayendisiti mukuru. The akaisvochenjera uye yakajeka vashandi aifarira vanachiremba veko. nokukurumidza, sezvo nyore sezvo mubatsiri, iye nechivimbo uye akava chiremba. Saka akatanga basa rake, Robert Koch. Biography inoratidza kuti akashanda saka makore matatu chete kubva nokutambudzika Franco-Prussian War, uye aitofanira kuenda pamberi somunda chiremba.

hondo

Koh Robert pamberi akaenda nokuzvidira, pasinei ake nokukurumidza akaderedza pake. Munguva yehondo akakwanisa kuwana chakakura ruzivo pakurapa zvirwere. Akarapa vanhu vakawanda korera uye fivha, vakanga zvakajairika chaizvo munguva yehondo. Paaigara pamberi Koch akadzidzawo tupukanana makuru uye algae nemaikorosikopu, raiva chinokosha kukwidziridzwa pamusoro pake micrographs uye zviitiko yesayenzi.

nechigwadara

Mushure demobilization, Koch uye mhuri yake vakatamira Wohlstein (pari Wolsztyn, Poland), apo akashanda ari nyore utsanana. Pashure pokunge mudzimai wake akamupa maikorosikopu kuti rokuberekwa kwake, akarega private tsika uye kushandisa kutsvakurudza. Dzose nguva yaaipedza ari maikorosikopu, maawa akawanda masikati nousiku.

Nokukurumidza akaona kuti zvakawanda nemhuka munharaunda vanorwara nechigwadara. chirwere ichi kunyanya chinobata mombe. Sick vanhu vachitambura zvinetso zvemapapu, node nodes, uye carbuncles. Nokuti kuedza ake, Koch akakanda akawandisa mbeva kuti nechigwadara chakaratidzwa kwaari zvakavanzika zvavo. Kana chipo wake kubatsira akakwanisa govera imwevo seinään kuti chobva mamiriyoni yavo mhando.

kudzidza zvimiti

Kwenguva refu musayendisiti kumborega vachiedza, akaratidza kuti bacillus ndiye chikonzero chokungorwadzisa nechigwadara. asiwo akakundikana kuratidza kuti kuparadzira chirwere correlated pamwe upenyu kunoita utachiona vakawanda. Ndicho basa Koch akaratidza kuti nechigwadara kunokonzerwa nokuziva utachiona, pamberi Nezvekwakabva chirwere aizivikanwa vashoma chaizvo. Mumakore 1877-1878 masayendisiti German - Robert Koch, achibatsirwa nevamwe vake - rakabudiswa nyaya dzakawanda chose dambudziko iri. Uyezve, akanyora imwe nyaya pamusoro nzira dzaakashandisa yake murabhoritari zvidzidzo.

Pakarepo shure chinyorwa mabasa ake Koch akava nyanzvi akakurumbira pedyo paiva Nobel Prize mukurapa. Makore mashomanana gare gare akabudisa rimwe basa riri kurimwa tupukanana mu hwakasimba nhau, zvava vangasimudzira itsva nzira uye budiriro inokosha adzidze nyika utachiona.

Koch uye Pasteur

Masayendisiti German kakawanda vaikwikwidzana, asi muGermany, Koch haana kuenzana, Pasteur aiva kwakajeka French musayendisiti, microbiologist, uye Koch akaisa basa rake mubvunzo. Koch kunyange kubudiswa wongororo ayo, ane takasununguka achitsoropodza zvidzidzo Pasteur nechigwadara. Makore anoverengeka mumutsetse, masayendisiti kugona kuwana Kubvumirana, vakati vachimupikisa vaviri pachedu uye mubasa ravo.

tiibhii

Pashure zvidzidzo anobudirira kuSiberia urikanwi Koch akasarudza kudzidza tibhii. Yaiva zvenzara chaizvo nyaya, nekuti ipapo ose mugari rechinomwe Germany kufa kubva chirwere. Masayendisiti, Nobel laureates, vanachiremba chete shrugged, vachifunga kuti tibhii iri nhaka uye hazvibviri kubata nayo. Kurapwa panguva iyoyo kwaisanganisira panze muviri uye kudya zvinovaka muviri.

Kudzidza tibhii

nokukurumidza Koch yakawana incredible kubudirira kudzidza tibhii. Akatora kubva kuvakafa zvinyama yokutsvakurudza, iri rakanaka uye refu aongororwe maikorosikopu yokusarudza chaizvo chinokonzera chirwere. Nokukurumidza akacherechedza netsvimbo kuti ruzivo netsika svikiro uye muGuinea nguruve. Utachiona muwande nokukurumidza uye kuuraya mutakuri. It Zvaifadza budiriro iri zvidukuduku. Muna 1882 Koch akabudisa basa rake nezvenyaya iyi. The Nobel Prize kwava pedyo.

Kudzidza korera

Koch kugona kupedza zvidzidzo zvavo kusvikira kumagumo, pamusoro mirayiridzo nehurumende, akaenda kuIjipiti uye India kurwisa korera. Pashure imwe nguva kutsvakurudza dzakareba musayendisiti kukwanisa kuona microbe chinokonzera chirwere. Rinokosha zvakawanwa kuti vakatakura Koh Robert, zvazova budiriro chaiyo mukurapa. Akagadzwa kuva munhu aitarisira, Pakusarudza nzira yokubata nezvimwe zvakawanda zvinotapukira.

Mapurofesa nokutsvakurudza idzva tibhii

Muna 1885 Koch akagadzwa purofesa paUniversity of Berlin. Uyezve, iye akagadzwa Director of Institute of Infectious Diseases. Pavakadzoka kumba achibva kuIndia, akatora zvakare kudzidza tibhii uye yabudirira zvikuru kubudirira. Makore mashanu akazotevera, muna 1890, Koch akazivisa kuti akanga awana nzira kurapa chirwere. Iye vakakwanisa kuwana pfuma inonzi tuberculin (TB bacillus unobudisa izvozvo), asi kubudirira guru zvinodhaka haana kuuya. Akaita munhu sema maitiro uye kukuvadza varwere. Kunyange zvazvo kwapera nguva yava Zvakacherechedzwa kuti nokushandisa tuberculin anogona rokuongorora tibhii, yakanga chinokosha zvakawanikwa, izvo vakafunga physiology uye mishonga. The Nobel Prize akanga paakavapa kuna Koch muna 1905. Muhurukuro yake, musayendisiti akati zvakanga chete wokutanga, asi zvakakosha Nhanho pakurwisa tibhii.

chinokudza

The Nobel Prize akanga asiri oga budiriro yacho musayendisiti. Akanga paakavapa ari Order chokuita, iyo rakapa hurumende German. Uyewo, kufanana nezvimwe zvakawanda Nobel laureates, Koch akawana honorary doctorate, aiva nhengo dzakawanda dzesayenzi munzanga. A gore asati kugamuchira Nobel Prize Koch akasiya nzvimbo yake panguva Institute of Infectious Diseases.

Muna 1893, Koch vakarambana nemudzimai wake, uye akabva akaroorwa wechiduku mutambi.

Muna 1906 akatungamirira pakundopambara kuna Africa, nechinangwa pakurwisa akarara nokurwara.

Akafa inozivikanwa musayendisiti muna Baden-Baden muna 1910 nechirwere chomwoyo.

Mumwe craters kwave zita kuremekedza kwake muna 1970.

zvabuda

Koch aiva musayendisiti wechokwadi, aida basa rake uye kuzviita pasinei ose matambudziko uye ngozi. Tapedza kudzidza muna mushonga, akazotamira kune nzira kutsvakurudza kwezvirwere zvinotapuriranwa, uye, kutonga nokubudirira aro akakura, akazviita kuti chikonzero. Kana akanga achiparidza oga tsika, angadai asina vakakwanisa kuita zvinhu zvakawanda kudaro uye kuponesa upenyu zvisingaverengeki. Izvi Biography guru murume mukuru uyo akaisa upenyu hwake paaritari nesayenzi. Akakwanisa kuita zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti munhu, uye kushanda nesimba chete uye kutenda ruzivo vaimubatsira nzira iyi yakaoma, nzira zivo muviri womunhu zvakavanzika.