Kotelnikov Vladimir Aleksandrovich: Biography

An musayendisiti kunoshamisa uye Academician Vladimir Kotelnikov akava piyona uye muvambi mudzimba cryptography. MuHondo Yenyika II, iye nevamwe vake zvakasikwa yakauya akavanzika mashoko uye zvirevo zvinoverengeka nemamwe mano,.

makore okutanga

musayendisiti kunoshamisa An uye injiniya Kotelnikov Vladimir Aleksandrovich akaberekerwa Kazan. Akaberekwa musi waSeptember 6, 1908. Mukomana aiva wemhuri enhaka mapurofesa - baba vake uye sekuru aishanda payunivhesiti yemo. Hazvishamisi kuti ane mhuri duku yakadaro Volodya kusvika 6 makore vakadzidza kuverenga nokunyora, asi nyanzvi zvinokosha nemasvomhu, svomhu uye jogirafi.

Makore School, mwana akawira nguva World Wokutanga Civil War. Nokuda mhuri iyi KOTELNIKOVO nguva vakatamira nzvimbo nenzvimbo. Vladimir akadzidza kumba, uye kuchikoro akadzidza kuti chete yekupedzisira nemakirasi matatu. Vatsungirire makore hondo haana kuputsa aifarira zvesayenzi. The kuyaruka akatanga kufarira redhiyo. chitandadzo Izvi rinotsanangurwa upenyu ramangwana rake rose.

inotungamirwa

Muna 1926 Vladimir akapinda Moscow Higher Technical School zita Bauman. Kudzidza payunivhesiti anoteverwa kushanya yemazuva muna Physics uye Mathematics rorusununguko Moscow State University. Paaigara muna Nyquist Bauman ayo mamiriro vakamira mei - Moscow Power Engineering Institute, uyo akapedza kudzidza jaya.

dzidzo nomukurumbira akamutendera kuti kuva injiniya panguva Research Institute of Communications of Red Army. Ipapo Kotelnikov Vladimir Aleksandrovich vanyoresa akapedza mei, ndichishanda sezvo mukuru injiniya uye musoro murabhoritari panguva Research Institute.

rinokosha kuwanikidza

Basa rimwe musayendisiti muduku kwakaita akurumidze budiriro, kana muna 1933, akapfupikisa dzidziso interpolation mitambo, yakazaruka British vaongorori Whittaker. Rinotsanangura kusavapo date kurasikirwa kana uchishandisa chinoramba chiratidzo. The yemaitiro akaratidza Kotel'nikov, raikosheswa ramangwana kwemichina. Izvi yawanikwa akava hwaro dzidziso mashoko aro Coding uye kubudiswa digitaalinen mameseji mugadziriro, etc. Panguva iyoyo sezvo Kotelnikov zvakafanana budiriro yavo tsvakurudzo akaita American Klod Shennon, nokuda kwezvandakaitirwa theorem no ainzi Whittaker - .. Nyquist - Shannon.

Chinokosha zvakawanwa akava pachena kwete pakarepo. Nokuti kwayo yakasiyana zvinhu Kotelnikov Vladimir Aleksandrovich akanyora zvakawanda ripoti, asi haina vabvuma Vapepeti yesayenzi inonzi-mubatanidzwa "Electricity". Bhuku akati dzendege zvinhu pasina ukoshi kuti mainjiniya Soviet.

akaramba basa

Kunyange zvakadaro, atova mumakore 30 musayendisiti Soviet Kotelnikov Vladimir akava anoda kubhabhatidzwa sayenzi hwokugadzira of USSR. Iye akapiwa dhigirii kunyange pasina kudzivirira kunyora nhoroondo. Nokukurumidza, muna 1941, injiniya akagadzira izvo zvinofanira kuvaka remangwana uchapupu hurongwa classifying anonongedzera zvinoverengeka dzinokosha dzemitemo,.

Abstracts Nyquist vaiva echimurenga. Chinhu utsanzi aiva Kushandurwa yekare analoginen anonongedzera kune digitaalinen. Zvakanga vaifungidzira kuti zvokushandisa kwacho kuchaita kushanda maererano chete zvakabudiswa theorem no. Sezvakaita yavo yokungotaura tsvakurudzo, musayendisiti kamwe zvakare mberi nguva yaro. Nzira, iye ataura, paiva chete pashure peHondo Yenyika II.

On zvakavanzika zvivako

Panoperera pakati 30s Kotelnikov Vladimir Aleksandrovich akava mukuru murabhoritari kuti nokuumba multi-mugero redhiyo kukurukurirana michina. With pava paya, pfupi-mutsetse pakati Moscow uye Khabarovsk yakatangwa. Pamwechete Kotelnikov pabasa iri vakashanda kunoshamisa vavambi Aleksandr Mints, Konstantin Egorov nevamwe. Uyewo, musayendisiti rinotungamirirwa mumarabhoritari maviri, vakanga yakatanga classifying ano, runhare uye teregirafu ruzivo. The chikwata, kushanda pazvivako izvi, rakapera vachikanganisa mainjiniya, vachangobva kudzidza kubva Institute of Communication.

Panguva Great Patriotic War, vanachiremba Soviet vakakwanisa kuenda yechinyakare mashoko encryption enyika kuti synchronous itsva, Linear akavanzwa redhiyo uye runhare kukurukura. An mupiro kukuru kuti ubudirire ichi akaita Kotelnikov Vladimir Aleksandrovich. Biography Scientists vakaratidza utungamiri munyika akafanira kupa iye ane basa rinokosha. The muvambi akatora dambudziko renyika kukosha - zano nokuti encrypting inzwi anonongedzera, husingakwanisi achiongorora zvaive muvengi. Mushure Germany vakarwisa USSR michina yakadaro vakava inokosha.

"Sable" uye "Bullfinch"

midziyo Unique akarayira dhipatimendi muchengeti hurumende maitikiro (RF) kukurukurirana. Mumuedzo wokutanga muenzaniso "Sobol-I» yakazokudziridzwa uye akapfuura 1938. The midziyo yakaitwa panguva Leningrad chirimwa "Red Dawn." Apo Northern wakasvika rakakombwa, zvavakanga vachida kuita akanga akatizira Ufa. Pane rakavambwa fekitari mutsva №697, vaiva ne vanhu Commissariat of Electrical Industry of USSR.

Zvisinei, muna Ufa uye takatamira chikamu murabhoritari, musoro wakanga Kotelnikov Vladimir Aleksandrovich. The musayendisiti, pasinei hondo, vakaramba kukudziridza encoder, akanga zvikuru nokuda kwokudzivirira nyika. In Ufa boka Nyquist akatobatana pamwe mainjiniya ari chirimwa "Red Dawn." mharidzo "Sobol-P" yakazokudziridzwa muna 1942. muenzaniso izvi zvichiitirwa kuti chakavanzika orangy redhiyo nvidia. Panguva iyoyo, "Sobol-P" rava kupfuura zvazviri yakaoma midziyo kuti encrypting ruzivo. The mudziyo anomuchinja yemagetsi kaviri-kutaura anonongedzera. Izvi zvakaitwa kushandisa nguva kunonoka zvikamu chiratidzo chacho chakarondedzera inversion mhete. The budiriro unobvumidza kuti pave transposition kutaura zvikamu. Vanowanika cryptogram rakanga unreadable kuti muvengi.

The muenzaniso amutsvaka chinokosha mamiriro basa. Akawana kuti "Sobol-P" achibvumira chakavanzika hurukuro zvakanaka. Zvinofadza kuti vamwe zvemaziso zvinoriumba nokuti midziyo (kusanganisira rinonzi magnetic ngoma) havana kuitwa Ufa uye rakakombwa Leningrad. zvinhu zvinokosha vangarwirwa kuburikidza pemitsara vachibatsirwa avhiyesheni.

Pamwechete "Sable" iri inotakurika midziyo kuti patsanura Sau-16 ( "Bullfinch") yakazokudziridzwa munguva yehondo. mudziyo ichi chakafanana sutukezi. Iye munguva ake nzendo vaishandisa mberi vehondo uye vamiririri mbambo iri muvhu, pakanga pasina mukuru-maitikiro kukurukurirana.

"Neva"

Washer "Sobol-P" vakatanga kushandiswa mumunda pakupera 1942. Ipapo womuenzaniso radiotelephone encrypted muchivande kwakadzama pakati Moscow uye Tbilisi, achitsiva ichaparadzwa vokuGermany kujairana ukama utungamiriri Transcaucasian Front. Bet mudziyo anonunurwa mishoma, kusvikira musi reCaspian Coast haisi mutsetse itsva yakavakwa. Mushure rubhabhatidzo anobudirira midziyo moto "Sobol-P" akarova dzimbahwe ose fronts. At GHQ takasarudza kushandisa muenzaniso uyu wokushandura pamusoro chakavanzika zvirevo uye mishumo.

Asi "Sobol-P" akanga asiri oga utsva kuti ruoko Kotelnikov Vladimir. Kufambira Mberi musayendisiti 40s kuva zvikuru pashure nokugadzirwa "Owl" uye "Neva". mano aya akagadzirirwa encrypt mashoko vachishandisa wired that makwara. Vakanga hwakavakirwa kunzwisisa Coding zano, riri nemamwe zvisina kwose. "Neva" kushandiswa kutaurirana pakati Moscow, 1 ST uye 2 Byelorussian Byelorussian fronts. Uyezve, nzira iyi awana chikumbiro chacho panguva musangano iri dzairwisa yechipiri yezana hondo (Tehran, Yalta uye Potsdam Misangano). Pakupedzisira, "Neva" raishandiswa Kremlin hurukuro pamwe misoro masimba dzakasiyana-siyana dzokuEurope panguva kusaina Germany mapfumo pasi.

pashure pehondo,

Pashure mukukunda chikwata zvemainjiniya aishanda Ufa, yakanga emauto akadzingwa mabasa. The vanachiremba kuti "Red Dawn" ndadzoka Leningrad. Imwe hafu vavambi uye masayendisiti vakaenda kuMoscow, kusanganisira zviri mei. Pane akagara kushanda uye Kotelnikov Vladimir Aleksandrovich. Photo musayendisiti haana apinda mumapepanhau. Ari kushanda muchivande basa, aisagona kuvimba paruzhinji mbirikira yemabasa ayo. Kunyange zvakadaro, pashure pehondo, Vladimir Kotelnikov akatungamirira Institute kuti dhipatimendi kuti "yokungotaura nheyo Radio Engineering". Akamhanyira kwemakore anopfuura 36.

Asi ruzhinji chikamu mabasa yadzima tikafunga basa yakakurumbira Marfino sharashka. Ndiro zita ndibatsireiwo kwakazivikanwa nevanhu vakawanda, rwakanga rwakakura nemhaka yemabhuku munyori uye akahwina mubayiro weNobel Alexander Solzhenitsyn, uyewo mubheka. Pamutemo, zvaiva chaiwo rabhoritari №8, vakasikwa hurongwa hurumende yeSoviet. In mamiriro sharashka rakanga vanhu 490. Vose zvakagadzira zvakavanzika nvidia, michina mitsva nokuda encryption mashoko, uye zvichingodaro. D. Vamwe mudonzvo aishumira jeri remasayendisiti uye vanotanga.

academician

Muna 1953, mumwe musayendisiti akava academician of Academy of Sciences of USSR. Kana munhu pakati nyanzvi pamusoro encryption pakukurukurirana uye zvakafanira zita ichi, yakanga mubvunzo Kotelnikov Vladimir. Photos uye mhando vake zvigadzirwa zvino mumamiziyamu zhinji, ane kwamagwaro vakazvipira nezvenyaya iyi. Academician vakaenda murabhoritari, kusika mano Ushumiri Kudzivirira uye KGB. Uyezve, iye musoro ari Commission, kuongorora unhu zvigadzirwa zvitsva vemamwe mainjiniya.

Muna 1950-60 Vladimir Kotelnikov anova initiator Kufuridzira kuti mano akadai "Liana" "Lily", "Diamond", "North-M", "nuija", "Lotus-B", uye zvichingodaro. D. kubva 1954 kusvika 1988. Academician aiva mutungamiriri Institute of Radio Engineering uye Electronics, Academy of Sciences of USSR.

mumakore achangodarika

Pashure pokuwa kweSoviet Union, pasinei kwayo seane uchenjeri zera, akaramba rake rinoita Kotelnikov Vladimir. Date of Birth (September 6, 1908) uye zvakasiyana-siyana mabasa kunyika asina nguva iye kurega uye kumativi laurels edu.

Muna 1992, Russian Academy of cryptography wakasikwa tichionga Academician. Muna 2003, Vladimir Kotelnikov akanga paakavapa ari Order "Nokuti Services kuna Yababa» I dhigirii. The musayendisiti kuiona kwemakore ake akawanda basa uye nomupiro huru pave Soviet uye Russian nesayenzi. Academician akafa musi February 11, 2005. Akavigwa Kuntsevo Cemetery muMoscow.