Kshesinskaia Mansion muSt Petersburg: photo, kero, nhoroondo, maawa oparesheni

Kshesinskaia Mansion muSt Petersburg - mumwe mikuru zvinokwezva zvenyika ano yaitonga. Its yakashongedzwa chitarisiko ari kurutivi Petrograd divi chiri undoubted kushongedzwa kweguta. Asi kunze mapurani dhigirii, Kshesinskaia neimba ndiyo nzvimbo kare anokosha uye hunakidze. Around naye vachiri kunozivikanwa. Uye zvirokwazvo mufananidzo Ballerina, vakadzi vakanaka, yakafukidzwa noku Aura dzorudo uye chakavanzika.

Nhoroondo Ballerina

Matilda akazvarwa Kshesinskaya kutamba mhuri. Amai vake akatamba pachikuva of Mariinsky Theater, sekuru aiva violinist, baba vake - yakakurumbira mutambi, nemamwe muiti mazurkas. Girl zvose uduku aipedza noruzhinji. At makore 8 paro ave hanzvadzi uye hama, akapa chikoro kutamba. Zvino iye pakutanga ari chaiyo nzvimbo: Vana vose kugara nesangano, uye iye chete akabvumira kuuya kukirasi.

Kubvira achiri muduku, Matilda aida kuva musimboti hanya. Akaenda chikoro hachi-wakavhomorwa murairidzi duku, uye reveled ari kuziva glances. In kukoreji, iyewo aiziva sei kuva mutungamiri, asi nguva dzose achienzaniswa hanzvadzi yake. Kunyange pashure kuuya kuchikoro yemitambo, akava Kshesinskaia-2. Wokutanga aiva Julia. Theresa akanga asiri mudzidzi wokutanga, asi waiva chinangwa muduku basa-uye akakwanisa kutsausa ezvinhu mune nyasha kwayo. At kudzidza muna Choreographic School akakwanisa runako Kesari. Iye chete aida kuva "kuzvikudza Russian Ballet." Panguva yakatarwa chikoro mhemberero, iyo wakapindwa nenhengo dzemhuri youmambo, kutanga iye akasangana mugari wenhaka pachigaro Nicholas uye akamhanya sesasaradzi pakati pavo.

Pashure paizvozvo, iye akaita nesimba guru nguva dzose kubata ziso mugari wenhaka uye pakupedzisira dzaishanya oga, pashure izvo chisungo pakati pavo yakatangwa. Kshesinskaya, haana kuvanda, akaenda kundogara oga mumba, apo vakatora Nicholas. The ukama yakaguma pashure avimbisana pamwe mugari wenhaka choushe German Princess Alice. Asi Kshesinskaya kwete kutambisa nguva. Kunze chokwadi kuti chinoita basa rinobudirira iri yemitambo, usazeza kuzovakwirira nhengo dzemhuri youmambo chero udzvinyiriri, naicho vakatanga kudanana Grand Duke - Sergei Mikhailovich. Kuburikidza kubatana kwakadaro uye mukuru kutamba unyanzvi, Theresa tisvike yakawanda miti yemitambo. Iye noushingi anonyengera pamusoro vorongerwa zvose uye akava vaitungamirira Ballerina of Imperial Theater. Iye ndiye wokutanga Russian Prima Ballerina, uyo akakwanisa kunyatsodzidza 34 fuete.

Kubvira 1900, Matilda inotangira kufanana maviri nhengo itsva dzemhuri youmambo: Sergei Mikhailovich uye Andrei Vladimirovich. Kshesinskaya anobereka muna 1902 maererano mwanakomana Prince Andrew. Kubvira nguva Sergey anoramba wake chete shamwari. Matilda kushanda yemitambo, asi kuva zvishoma zvinonakidza kwamamwe makore maviri. Iye nechido achinyatsotaurira urongwa hwemhuri dzavo (asi ndibatsireiwo) upenyu. Kshesinskaia tarenda chinokosha chaiva kukwanisa zvokunyengetedzwa varume. Navadiwa vake zvose iye ave vakaramba ushamwari, uye kuziva sei kushandisa rutsigiro rwavo.

Life After Ballet

Muna 1904 Kshesinskaya anosiya yemitambo iri yavo. On kubatsirwa nayo anogamuchira chipo kubva Imperial Family. It chinoguma nechibvumirano kupota mitambo. Fee nayo ranged 500 kusvika 750 rubles mumwe unongotaura. Muna 1917, iye akasiya St. Petersburg uye akatumira Kislovodsk, uye gare gare kuFrance. Pamberi Revolution, Prince Andrew akamupa kwoumbozha neimba pamhenderekedzo yeFrance. Akava yake yokupotera pashure kutama.

Muna 1921, Theresa muFrance pamutemo anoroorwa Prince Andrew. Akazoteerera kushandisa mwanakomana wake, uyo kare aipfeka patronymic Sergei. Muna 1924 iye akapiwa zita kwamachinda uye Princess Krasinski. Uye muna 1935, iye Prince Andrew vakagamuchira zita Rake Serene nokukwirira Prince Romanovsky-Krasiński. A gore gare gare Kshesinskaya pakupedzisira kutaura bhayibhayi kune pachikuva. Asi kunyange akadzidzisa kwenguva refu. Muna 1960, iye yakabudisa memoir rakanyorwa nomurume wake. Ballerina akafa muna 1971, haana kurarama centennial chete kwemwedzi mishomanana.

History muimba yakavakwa

Muna 1904 Matilda Kshesinskaya akasarudza kuvaka imba yake. Chokwadi, ichi anofanira kuva chakanakisisa uye kupfuura kujairika imba. Pakusarudza nzvimbo, mumwe mutambi akataura zvikuru mufashoni nzvimbo nguva - the Petrograd divi. Akawana nyika yakakodzera muGreat vanoremekedzwa vezvikwata Street uye akakoka kusika munhu chirongwa murongedzeri kupfuura mukurumbira - the Alexander von Gauguin.

Muna 1904 Kshesinskaia Mansion yakavakwa rekodhi nguva. Makore maviri gare gare, Matilda weava youshe. Interior kushongedzwa, akanga akumbira murongedzeri Aleksandru Ivanovu. Kumba kushongedzwa koka chete nemazvo bhizimisi uye kutenga zvakanaka zvinhu. Matilda aida yakarova chiedza. Uye akabudirira. Muna 1906 Imba yakavhurwa muSt Petersburg Kshesinskaia kugadzirisa nayo: Most Noble Street №2-4 uye Kronverksky Avenue, Building №1. The imba yaiva nzvimbo kupfuura mufashoni muguta guru.

Biography of mapurani AI of Gauguin

Kana kusarudza mapurani kuumba chirongwa pamba avo, Kshesinskaya pawing yakawanda musarudzo. Asi iye akamira pamukova Alexander von Gauguin. Akanga chaizvo ichinyatsozivikanwa pamabasa ake - dzimba zhinji, machechi uye voruzhinji zvivako muSt Petersburg uye aro. Aiva mumiririri akakurumbira Art Nouveau manyorerwo, mufashoni chaizvo panguva iyoyo. Kshesinskaia Mansion akava A. Gauguin inokosha chirongwa. Akarumbidza zita rake kwemakore anouya. Get zakazchitsu akadai Matilda Kshesinskaya, raiva rakabudirira guru nokuda mapurani, sezvo haina skimp pamusoro mari uye akanga agadzirira akashinga kuedza.

A. Von Gauguin akatanga mapurani tsika muna 1877. Aivawo chitupa yokudhirowa, akasika chivezwa, vakarondedzera. Kwekanguva yaaishandira somunhu mapurani Muushumiri Hondo: akavaka temberi, kuvaka mukuru edunhu, zvipatara. Muna 1903 akava mapurani of Imperial Court. Izvi ikawanda kwazvo uwandu revatongi vatengi. Uye ndicho chikonzero nei akauya Kshesinskaya kuti zvose hwangu upenyu kuedza kuponesa kwake anofungidzirwa kuti mhuri youmambo. Gauguin dzidzo chekare. Akapedza kudzidza kubva Academy of Arts, asi kwezana remakore ari kushingaira yakavakwa muna Art Nouveau manyorerwo, kukura uye huchiita manyorero itsva decoration uye mapurani mhinduro.

The chikuru mapurani werudzii mukutanga XX remakore Petersburg

Mansion Ballerina Kshesinskaia aifanira kusangana ose nefashoni. Saka, zviri kukurukura kuvakwa mumba murongedzeri, pakarepo vakasarudza manyorero "ano", iyo panguva iyoyo yaiva yakanaka uye yakajeka mudzimai mapurani. Zvinonzi kusiyaniswa chido kushandisa zviwanikwa siyana, kusanganisira siyana zvinhu dzokuMabvazuva mapurani, Anobvumirana mubatanidzwa utility uye aesthetics, nehavi kushongedzwa, simba kwokunze migumisiro. Zvose izvi zvinoenderana nenguva kwezana remakore, apo paiva kunzwa kwokuchinja epochs, ndakaenda kutsvaka zvitsva siyana, pfungwa, itsva canons worunako. Gauguin aiva mumiririri mangwanani Northern Art Nouveau muSt Petersburg. Style Its okuvaka haisati zvakaratidzwa zvakakwana, asi zvose nevamwe zviri kuitika izvi mukuvaka aripo.

Northern modernist Style chinosiyanisa asymmetry siyana, kukwezvana pakushandisa dzinongoitika zvinhu zviri kushongedzwa, Anobvumirana vakasarudzwa textures uye apedzerana zviri noruvara inoitika mavara. Buildings mumagadzirirwo ichi nowenyika ruvara uye magadzirirwo Ages nhare kuchamhembe matombo mumhenderekedzo. Maruva mazano, kumugumo majolica ukomba uye mosaics - rimwezve chinhu ichi muitiro. Facilities sezvinoita chinosiyanisa musiyano textures, hombe, hombe siyana, akasiyana-siyana enguva hwindo mawindo. Kshesinskaia Mansion muSt Petersburg akava muenzaniso mangwanani kuchamhembe ano vakakodzera.

neimba mudziyo

neimba yakavakwa pfungwa yakauya kuna Matilda azvarwa mwanakomana wake. The imba pamusoro Promenade of Shona, zvinogona govera kamuri rimwe chete mwana wacho, uye aida kuti vararame zvakanaka nacho uye pashure nokuwedzera. Akaunganidza Kushongedzera neimba, Matilde akaratidza zvido mapurani. In yake netsamba iye akanyora kuti iye akataura vamwe makamuri zvokunyaradza okugadziridza. Aida nzvimbo uye kunonyanyisa nyaradzo. Uye Kshesinskaia Mansion akava kubatana yakanaka uye kunyaradzwa. Ballerina kwete chete aida kuti kudhinda vaenzi uye vaiona, asiwo kurarama kunonyanyisa nyaradzo.

Unhu of neimba yakanga takasununguka zvikuru. Mariri, zvose zvakagoverwa. Pakanga kunyange kwoumbozha kupfeka mukamuri makamuri maviri: mumwe waichengetwa mistresses mbatya, vamwe - the zvokupfeka. Wakaverengwa Zvose. Matilda aigona kungotuma katsamba musikana kabati nhamba, saka iye akatuma kwaari achida nemapfekero pose. The kicheni raiva wakapamhama chaizvo uye inobudisa pamwe noungwaru zvigadzirwa. Pano kazhinji Kshesinskaya vakokwa pashure chisvusvuro.

The imba ane mukana mhuka yakanga akapa: Djiby gava MUDI, mhou kuti kupa mwana yakachena mukaka, nguruve uye nembudzi, nako Theresa akazviratidza "Esmeralda". Uyewo ari nemauto ine yoga mbatya kamuri, garaji kuti nemotokari mbiri. Vaenzi mumba yakapiwa uye waini kwoumbozha yakavanda, iyo yazara nehanya pachake Prince Andrew. The nechemberi peimba ndiwo kwoumbozha Suite edzimba, rimwe nerimwe yakarova manyorerwo nokubwinya. Separate hositesi muchizvikudza akava mubindu yechando munhu dzoumbozha.

Manyorero uye mavakirwo neimba

Kutanga nekubatwa musha mutsva, murongedzeri Gauguin sezvariri kuisa mweya wake. Akafunga panze zvose, pamwe zvakajeka vakatevera zvido akarayira. Mansion Kshesinskaia ane asymmetrical sezvamunoita, ayo chinoita yakaenzana zvakawanda. Imba kujairika iri chokwadi kuti ari nechemberi, vatendeukira Kronverkskiy prospectus, hapana pamusuo huru. Zvinonzi zvakavigwa chivanze diki kunze masuwo girenayiti fenzi. Original France anopa yepachena mutinhimira kubva nemahwindo hukuru siyana uye zvitarisiko. mawindo dzavo dzinoenderana womukati marongerwo pakati musha.

House hurongwa vaifungidzira kuti rezasi chikamu achapiwa dzinounzwa nokuda siyana mahofisi, uye vachava rwugare wokutanga pauriri hurumende dzimba: a Lounge pakugamuchira vaenzi, imba yokudyira, ballrooms. The yokupedzisira, sezvinei, vakasikwa muchimiro ari Suite, nowenyika oushe omukati. Panguva iyoyowo kumativi private mhuri pachaiswa panhurikidzwa yechipiri: yokurara, kupfeka, chimbudzi, mwana. Vasikana vakanga dzinounzwa zvakarurama yakakura, makamuri rinobwinya. Matilda asingagari skimp izvi.

The France iri yakashongedzwa tsvuku uye ndachena girenayiti uye zvakasikwa chiedza kusangana zvidhinha pamwe nezvinhu rwedenga majolica uye simbi yakarongedzwa. Style - Northern modernist, unosanganisira kuzvidzora uye runako. The imba haruzvitsvakiri kwoumbozha munguva chitarisiko, asi anopa pfungwa kukwenenzverwa maitiro.

mukati

Mansion MF Kshesinskaia akanga zvakagadzirirwa mugumisiro mukuru omukati dzavo. Kuti vaverengwe kwayo rakaiswa zvose zvakanakisisa. The fenicha akanga arayira kubvira rimwe remasangano mugadziri Melzer. Accessories, midziyo, nemwenje, chandeliers, tableware, micheka - zvose pasi zvidukuduku kwave akarayira zvakanakira Salons muParis. Matilda aida kuva chakanakisisa uye haana kuzeza Kupedza.

On chikumbiro hositesi imwe imba huru yakanga yakashongedzwa sezvinoita Louis XVI, wechipiri - Empire Russian. Masvingo wokutanga kamuri akafukidzwa tsvuku nesirika, wechipiri - chena. Bedroom iye akasarudza Chirungu werudzii pamwe chena fenicha. The yokudyira uye mubhedha kunge yakashongedzwa ari maitiro ano. The mukati yakarongwa kubva zvizere. Zvose - kubva bhaudhi kusvika chandeliers - mapurani Dmitriev vakasarudzwa maererano pfungwa nzvimbo. Saka vaenzi mwoyo, kwete umbozha chete, asiwo kuwirirana kwakakwana uye kuvimbika mukati vari zvakakwana zvinosimbisa kukura uye Zvekare zvimiro zvemhashu zvakaita makamuri uye mahwindo.

Musimboti mumagariro upenyu

Pashure yawanikwa neimba Kshesinskaia Photo iyo vakapindawo mapepanhau, yakava nzvimbo yakakwirira munzanga kuungana. Matilda zvikuru kudada basa rake uye akanga akagadzirira anenge kuitisa Tours. Pakati pavo paiva zvose vakakurumbira nguva. Kazhinji akashanyira Yesenin pamwe Aysedoroy Dunkan, izvo zvikuru pedyo vahosi ari muimba yaJehovha. Kwakandiwanisa Chaliapin. Akauya Ballerina bhururu Karsavina, Nijinsky, Pavlova. Sergei Diaghilev refu vakagara pamwe Matilda, yaiva neushamwari.

Kshesinskaya aida kuronga Concerts ndeyokukoka vaimbi yakanakisisa ichi. Somuenzaniso, nyeredzi Italian Lina Cavalieri. Imba Mueni kakawanda akanga Karl Faberezhe. Uye, chokwadi, chikuru Kshesinskaia vakokwa vaimiririra mhuri youmambo. Pano kazhinji wakaitwa yemichato, musha zvesimba, akakungurutsa chikuru kunodya zvinenge. Makore gumi Theresa akatungamirira hunofadza, upenyu youmbozha muimba yake, asi kuuya 1917. Zvose achinja.

nguva chimurenga

Panopera 1916, Matilda anotanga kugamuchira tsamba dzokutyisidzira, asi hazvina zvakawanda kunetseka. Muna February 1917, iye aifanira zvakananga kutarisana echimurenga kuchinja. On February 28, vapanduki akaputsa kupinda muimba, akatanga pwanyai uye kubata. Kshesinskaya nemwanakomana wake akurumidza akasiya imba, achitora muchipfuva zvinokosha. Mazuva gumi mumba akatonga nehanya. Yakanga chete musi March 10 mukuru kubva meya akakwanisa kutsanangura basa kuramba tsika, iyo zvino zvaiendeswa kubhengi. Matilda ave refu kurwira Pavanodzoka, asi hazvina kubudirira. Zvisinei, mukuru chikamu zvinhu kuti nguva yakanga anyangarika.

The echimurenga utungamiri wakaona pashure paimba neimba kumuzinda ayo pano. Uye Kshesinskaia imba "Chisimbiso" kwakasarudzwa muSt Petersburg. Mitanhatu Theresa paakaedza kodzero yavo imba sued, achitaurirwa Kerensky. Kwose kwose akagamuchira anokurudzira nhau. Asi imba saka hapana akasunungurwa. In July 1917 Kshesinskaya kusiya koteji muna Kislovodsk. Harina hazvingaitiki kuona imba yako.

nguva utongi Soviet

Mushure 1917, imba iri, ari Petrograd Soviet, uye ipapo - the Museum of Revolution. Panguva iyi, kushandura mazita mumigwagwa. Uye mibvunzo pamusoro apo Kshesinskaia imba (kero), sei kusvika nayo, zvinokosha chaizvo. Vagari St. Petersburg kwenguva refu achafanira ajairire ndechokuti mumugwagwa yava kunzi Great vanoremekedzwa vezvikwata Kuibyshev. The neimba panguva dzakasiyana uyewo chaimbova Institute of Food, Society of Old Bolsheviks. Uye kusvikira pakati 30s, kwakasarudzwa kuti ape imwe miziyamu.

Museum uye Mansion

Muna 1938, isu akazarura pano Sergei Kirov Museum. Panguva ino, mamiriro ezvinhu neimba chakarasika anenge zvachose. Kwakasara chete chinobatanidza zvokunyaradza zvakagadzirwa. Muna 1957, ipapo kuumba Museum of Revolution uye kudzorera mamiriro ezvinhu rimwe basa ari kubvuta masimba vatungamiri. Mansion Kshesinskaia kushanda maawa dzinonzi zvino chinorondedzerwa miziyamu muoti, chokuita pakuvaka pedyo - ari muimba yose Baron Brant. Muna 1991 kunzwisisa hwakapiwa Museum of Political History Russia, chikamu pashoo ndiyo vakazvipira nguva Matilda Kshesinskaia.

imba Life nhasi

Kshesinskaia Mansion muSt Petersburg nhasi, rinowanika munzvimbo guises zviviri: anoramba kushanda sechinhu miziyamu nhoroondo, asi yakawanda Vashanyi kuuya pano kuti uzvionere vakasara dzinoyevedza omukati. Kwakasara zvishoma fitments, asi makamuri anenge node. Mansion Kshesinskaia vane kero zvino vakatozodzokera manheru chaiko uye mimhanzi, kunoita kuti uone kwakajeka, pfungwa dzemhando yepamusoro pakati ezvivako uye kwazvo kuurayiwa pfungwa. Vakapona manera, dzimba, chandeliers kupa pfungwa rapanzvimbo chirongwa. Mansion Kshesinskaia (St. Petersburg) rine maawa anotevera kuvhura: kubva 10 kusvika 18. Nhasi, mwoyo chaizvo nevashanyi uye vagari kuchamhembe guru, somunhu Stylish chinhu uye nzvimbo upenyu akatora mukadzi kujairika.

neimba Legends

Kshesinskaia Mansion muSt Petersburg kwagara yakafukidzwa makuhwa siyana uye ngano. Kunyange paivakwa vanhu runyerekupe; mari chivakwa umbozha kwakadaro akapa Emperor Nicholas II. Rakanga riri mirairo yake nzira waradzikwa pakati peimba uye Winter Palace. runyerekupe Izvi zvakanga kugadzikana kuti kunyange nhasi vamwe vashanyi vachida kuona neimba yake hangu.

Uyewo neimba Matilda Kshesinskaia, nhoroondo uye umbozha izvo chaizvo proletariat yose post-echimurenga mugumo pamwe nezvorunyerekupe pamusoro pfuma. Sezvo kubatwa echivako chacho akanga pamutemo kuwanikwa kwete kwazvo zvishongo dzomutengo nhumbi, vanhu paiva yezvechitendero kuti Matilda akanga arongedza zvinokosha zvose vari hunde uye akaviga. Vanoona saka kure hapana akagona. Chimwe mumadhorobha runyerekupe chokuita nechiratidzo munhukadzi ndeuke nemahwindo muimba yacho. Vagari Petrograd divi akati kuti usiku pane mweya ichifamba famba ari Ballerina vasingakwanisi kuparadzana naye musha wake waaida.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Kshesinskaia Mansion muSt Petersburg - nzvimbo rinokosha. Pano muna 1917 kubva muvharanda ose akati kutaura Vladimir Lenin. Sezvo 1938 rave richishandiswa sechinhu miziyamu rokutanga Kirov, ipapo - the Revolution uye, pakupedzisira, nhoroondo Russia ezvematongerwo. Huge wenguvo ane Ballerina, uyo akanga ari muimba ikavharwa mushure chimurenga. Kwemakore anouya Aleksandru Kollontay, Russian echimurenga uye Wenyika, aigona kuonekwa madhirezi Matilda.