Kubva zvatinogona kuti bepa nemaoko enyu kumba?

Kugadzirwa mapepa pane imwe nguva akaita chimurenga chaiye, sezvo zvichiita kuti kudzivisa kushandiswa yematehwe zvinodhura. Nokuda uku kuwedzera nhamba yemabhuku uye ruzivo vava kuwanikwa nevanhu vakawanda.

Nechekare maviri emakore Mapepa zvinoberekwa maindasitiri nzira uye kwete dhefisiti. Zvinokwanisika kuti chaizvoizvo kwose kwose. Kuwanda muhofisi zvitoro kazhinji vane hwakawanda mifananidzo, kubvira zvatinosiita aidhinda kuna mufananidzo uye Mabhuku eBraille hwakarongwa.

Asi vazhinji vanofarira mubvunzo wokuti, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti pepa noruoko. Nei vachida nayo? Eya, chokutanga, ruzivo hapana chakambovhiringidza, uye chepiri bepa iri rinoshandiswa pakusika bedzi makadhi uye rusvingo ukomba ruoko akaita.

chinyakare zvinhu

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti bepa yagadzirwa muna China yekare. Pane ayo kugadzirwa ari kutanga kushandiswa chakaremara silkworm cocoons uye gare gare vakava kunyorova hemp, dota, akwegura mamvemve uye mulberry fibers. bepa iri chakabvaruka nokukurumidza, saka nechivako kwayo akatanga kuwedzera starch uye guruu.

Current mbishi zvinhu

Kwemazana emakore akawanda, mbishi bepa kugadzirwa michina handishanduki. Zvisinei, unyanzvi itsva kuchawedzera vhoriyamu waro kugadzirwa, uye zvakava pachena kuti zvetsika mbishi zvinhu hazvina kukwana. Zvadaro, muna kosi vakaenda zvokuvakisa zvakadai huni kana chirimwa cellulose, uye hemicellulose. Ivo mined nokururamisira nyore sulphate mutoo uye vane mari shoma mutengo.

Kana uchifarira, paunogona kuita mapepa, kuwedzera huni, ari kutsvaka-pashure kupfuura mbishi zvinhu ndiyo dongo mapepa. Iye anonzi kuti zvikuru nani tichitarisa kudzivirira zvakatikomberedza.

Nokuti zvaAtemisi dzinokosha mhando bepa anoshandiswawo shinda, asbestos nevamwe mhando Whitehead Textile fibers, uye mari inenge iri nechigadziko, ikabereka pamwe kuwedzera hafu-zvinhu nomucheka.

Hande akaita bepa zvishandiswezve

Kana totaura kuti zvinhu zvakadaro, kazhinji pamba chinoitwa kubva zvishandiswezve mapepa. Naizvozvo, mhinduro rakajairika kune mubvunzo chii chingaitwa kubva bepa nemaoko enyu, ndiko: "zvishandiswezve". The zvemichina iri chaizvo nyore. To ichi pulverized dongo mapepa, akanyatisa kwemaawa anoverengeka uye arohwe mune blender kuwana pulp - guru chakatodzana quark rakasanganiswa nemvura. Iye scooped ari afoot puranga, kubvumira kuti wopedza mvura uye, chinofamba rayon jira, akaomeswa kwemazuva anoverengeka.

Option rutsanga

Vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika kana, achipindura mubvunzo chii chingaitwa kubva bepa nemaoko enyu, vanoti kuti izvi akakodzera nomudonzvo kukura pamahombekombe reservoirs. Asi chokwadi. Parutsanga bepa, unokwanisa kunyange pendi pamwe watercoloured kana gouache, saka zvakakodzera handicrafts.

In mashandiro, yakatsvuka zvinhu wapera uye akabika. Zvadaro, 100 g alkali zvazvichanyungudutswa girazi remvura uye akawedzera kuti ndiro nerutsanga. Mushure hafu yeawa mvura vakapedzwa, zvidimbu madzinde mashizha makashambidzwa, kubviswa kupfuura aoma uye Zvinhu Zvisina Basa blender yasara. Brewed zvishoma starch uye kuwedzera vaviri spoonfuls ose mashed nembatatisi mune tsanga, kuti vawane pulp. Mberi sezvakarongwa muzvirevo nyaya.

Options uswa

vanhu vashoma vanoziva kuti kunyange nhasi iri India uye China vanenge 20% of bepa anobudiswa kubva tsvina shuga ipwa. Nzira anorondedzerwa kumusoro nevakawanda zvikuru uye kunoita kuti vawane yepamusoro mapepa. The mbishi zvinhu munyika idzi nokushingaira kushandisa uyewo uswa. The zvemichina kwakafanana muzvirevo nyaya. Saka kana uchifarira, paunogona kuti bepa nemaoko enyu, edza kuunganidza ane tsiva kwematsutso nzeve. Zvino, nokubata kuti madzinde alkali, kubereka pulp.

Kubva chii chatingaita kubikira bepa

Sezvo chikazozikamwa, mumwe mukuru matambudziko anotarisana nevanhu Madzimai epamusha ari demolding confectionary zvinhu pashure kubika zvakakwana. Kurigadzirisa, kazhinji kushandisa pepa kubikira. Zvisinei, kana hazvisi pedo, iwe unogona kuita pachako. Kuti aite izvi, aenderane zvake muviri bhuku kana aidhinda bepa, izvo nyore vanofanira kuzora mafuta muriwo. Hapana nyaya havagoni kushandisa michina zvigadzirwa, hwaakange pendi aripo.

Papermaking Cigarette

Pasinei zvose nyevero nezvengozi kusvuta, mamiriyoni evanhu munyika mberi "kamwe". Pakati pavo pane vaya vanotsvaka kubatsirwa muitiro iyi aesthetic mafaro. Vanhu vane dzimwe nguva vanofarira muchikwata ichi, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti pepa kuti fodya ruoko-anokungurutsirwa, sezvo vari kuedza kugadzira imwe nzira yokuwana mamwe nyama kuravira mukaravhani midzanga. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvakanaka kuti ichi chinangwa yakakodzera mupunga mapepa. Zvinogona kuitwa nemaoko avo.

mupunga-paper

Chokutanga, tinofanira kuziva kuti pasi zita iri rinotaurawo nhete chaizvo mukanyiwa yakagadzirwa hwakatsetseka bota. Zvisinei, muchiitiko ichi tiri kufarira chipo bepa. Wakaitwa kubva mupunga uswa. Kana uine akadaro pakugadzira zvinhu, inoda mazuva mashoma kuti soka zvishoma mvura, kusimbisa cellulose. Ipapo mashanga arohwe kuzvimba nemvura, musanganiswa wakadururwa pamusoro sirika pajira riya, ugozvipa zvinodiwa ukobvu, akaomeswa uye akacheka kumicheto. Zvinonzi Dzakamukurudzirawo kuti nokuaina semucheka nesimbi inopisa kuburikidza bani pabepa.

chishongo

To Homemade bepa zvakazoonekwa vakawanda yepakutanga, chinogona yakashongedzwa. Kuti aite izvi, asati akaisa kuti aiyanika jira, zvinokwanisika kuti voisa semufananidzo maruva akaoma yawo pamusoro. Unogona kuzviita kunyange nyore: uparadzire pamusoro penyika yakaoma petals.

Zvichava zvinofadza kutarira monogram bepa, mudungwe nendarama kana sirivha shinda ne tweezers, kana pfungwa nguvo kwezvombo. Mukupera zvazvingava, pre-zvinodiwa musanganiswa silicone uye starch kunoitwa pamwe aida muenzaniso MDL.

Zvino kuti uchiziva kuti unogona kuita mapepa pamba, saka tichakwanisa ichibudisa chete kadhi, mapikicha, kana zvimwe chirangaridzo muruoko akaita maitiro.