Kuchinjwa pfuma: A mharidzo kondirakiti. Kuchinjwa pfuma: nokuisa

Real pfuma nezvimwe pfuma mumabhizimisi, ari ukama pakati pehurumende, makanzuru uye mumuviri vanhu kungasanganisira mari zvivako uye tsika. Sei maitirwo mhando iyi vari yaidzorwa muRussia?

The vanotongwa kuchinjwa pfuma

Iyo nzvimbo dzevagari ukama pemurairo samba Chiitiko kuti kuchinjwa pfuma? Pane nzira mbiri zvakafanana dzakakodzera. In rwakafara mashoko, kuchinjwa pfuma inogona kududzirwa sokupa imwe ukoshi nyaya ipi chinzvimbo - dzinongoitika vanhu, repamutemo - muchifarira mumwe, zviratidzo zvacho zviri pamutemo uye havana ukoshi. Zvisinei, mune tsika wokuRussia jurisprudence mutsara mune mubvunzo zvinowanzosanganisira ukama pachiyero masangano.

Kuchinjwa pfuma panhau iyi - nzira iri rakarongwa mugadziriro yemirau mitemo yedare zvikurukuru ukama pakati pamutemo masangano. Uyewo, dzimwe nyanzvi akasarudzwa mukukurukurirana chokuita budgetary masangano.

Ndiani anogona uchatamisa pfuma pasina muripo?

Maererano nedzimwe nyanzvi dzemutemo zvavo, kuchinjwa pfuma kubva rimwe sangano mumwe inowira pasi chiito sokureva "kuzozvidzorerwa." Kana akakodzera repamutemo - bhizimisi, zvinoreva kuti pachinhu mairi patinogumira inopiwa 575 fung nyaya yacho Civil Code. Rinoti kana uwandu pfuma -. Vanopfuura zviuru 3 rubles, kana kupa kubva rimwe bhizimisi sangano mumwe hazvibviri.

Companies bhizimisi panguva imwe chete, zvinogona kutora pfuma zvakapiwa nevanhu, masangano asiri purofiti uyewo hurumende. Possible kuchinjwa pfuma kubva muvambi achitsigira zvakasimba. Muchiitiko chino, aifamba mabasa ayo chichaitwa musi mumuviri vanhu kodzero. Muchiitiko chino, kuchinjwa pfuma kubva muvambi haangavi kunonyorwa, chero kuti munhu asingadi varidzi anopfuura 50% of mugove guru kambani.

Uchatamisa kana kubvarura?

Pakati hurukuro pfungwa pamusoro nyaya mutemo pfuma ukama kwevagari mutemo Russia - kushandiswa kwakarurama rokuti, mune mubvunzo. Chokwadi chokuti Chiitiko kuti kuchinjwa pfuma zvikuru zvakafanana nourongwa rendi-isina pfuma. Asi ichi ndicho zvachose kwete chinhu chimwe.

Kana rendi-akasununguka, zvinonyanya yakarurama kushandisa mashoko okuti "kuchinjwa pfuma pachena kushandiswa." Panyaya iyi, kodzero varidzi pamusoro Kutamiswa ukoshi anoramba panguva yaro yepakutanga muridzi. Kana totaura sezvo mari yakadaro, tinekodzero kushandisa izwi kunyatsoreva ari mapenyu tava kufunga nayo - kureva kuti nzira inonzi chisingapembedzwi kuchinjwa pfuma.

Akabvarura of jure kuchinjwa of facto

Asi pane caveat. Chokwadi chokuti chaiko zvacho ukama pakati vagari kana masangano ari zvatinoita kuchinjwa pfuma iri pose zvingava zvakafanana. Zvinogona vakafunga kuti imwe sangano richabva kuti kero imwe kukoshesa akasununguka chikwereti ine upenyu hurefu zvikuru, pasina kukumbira kwake shure pashure. Pamutemo, chepakutanga muridzi pfuma havazotadzi kodzero, asi of facto chinova maneja mumwe munhu. nuance Izvi zvinoita kuti makambani akawanda kuti circumvent kuti kukamurwa 3 zviuru. Rubles, akaisa 575 fung nyaya kuti isu ataurwa pamusoro. Entrepreneurs kurongwa vanobvuma kuti kusaina chibvumirano chokuzvisarudzira rendi, asi chaizvoizvo - rimwe bhizimisi anotamisa kune imwe nzvimbo iri chaiko nhaka.

Zvisinei, sezvambotaurwa nokuda magweta, free risi chepfuma - muitiro kuti rinoda zvemakore kwakakodzera. The chibvumirano pakati masangano vanofanira, zvikurukuru, zvakajeka kuti kukosha Kutamiswa, chii ayo maitiro uye chinzvimbo. Kana mashoko ari gwaro hakusi, zvino kutengeserana, sezvambotaurwa nokuda magweta, zvinonzi kunzi ndedzenhema.

Uyewo, cherechedza kuti zvimwe zvausingakwanisi chokuita nzira chepfuma nokuda rendi, pamwe kutora chikamu ezvokutengeserana masangano, uchiripo. Somuenzaniso, kambani - JSC kana LLC, inogona kukosha vakasununguka kushandisa havaoni dzavo kana vanhu kuva rinodzora.

Uchatamisa kana dhonesheni?

Above tinoona kuti chisingapembedzwi kuchinjwa pfuma iri pfuma kuzvibatanidza mari nzira zvarwo. Maererano mamwe vanotongwa vehurumende ukama pasi zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona zvakawanda kodzero dzavo wokushandura kana kugamuchira zvinhu - zvakadai masangano zvokutengeserana, vane panogumira 3 zviuru rubles nokuti nzira idzi .. Makambani akawanda kufamba kukamurwa ichi, shandisa mukana uyu kupa (kuwana) kukosha rendi-akasununguka apo kunyengetedzana nevamwe masangano. Zvisinei, pane imwe mashandiro pamutemo uhwo kudyidzana pakati nemabhizimisi zvakaita chisingapembedzwi kuchinjwa pfuma haana kuva zvipo.

Chikumbiro Its zvinokwanisika, kana tiri kutaura pamusoro ukama makambani vavo subsidiaries. Chokwadi kuti kuchinjwa pfuma kuti muridzi nemamiriro mubereki boka muchifarira chikamu, sezvinoita mutemo, haagoni kuwana sezvo oblagodetelstvovanie. nzira iyi kuzivikanwa sezvo chikamu kurapa zvaioneka zvinhu chokuita basa. Saka, kana mamiriro pakati mubereki kambani yayo chikamu chiri chibvumirano chisingapembedzwi kuchinjwa pfuma, hazvina kukodzera sezvo kutengeserana muchipa, pasinei nokuti pane chibvumirano mhando ichi, sezvataurwa ne magweta akawanda, kwete akapa nomutemo. Asi, panguva iyoyowo, hapana vachinetsana urongwa Civil Code.

Zvisinei, dzimwe pamutemo kusarudza pasi iyo kuchinjwa pfuma nenzira chisingapembedzwi netsika anogona zvimwe "yokunyengera", magweta regai emit. Mamwe mabhizimisi vari kuedza kuwana pokunzvenga napo mumutemo. Somuenzaniso, chimwe chisarudzo: Entrepreneurs kuzoumba Tichitevera kwema, achida kuvanza huru chinangwa chinoratidza chipo - kundosangana dzakananga zvavanofarira, vari paruoko waipa (uye kushaya kwavo, uyewo, aichimbova muridzi pfuma). In tsika, ichi kazhinji zvinoreva kuti chibvumirano chinhu chisingapembedzwi kuchinjwa pfuma iri pamwe nevamwe bhuku rakadai mutemo, asi mapato kune kutengeserana ikoko swapped uye nomupi anogamuchira mukutsinhana imwe pfuma. Saka, nenzira anopa haana kusangana zvavanoda, uye akaita maererano ezvinhu chesungano. Zvisinei, murwiyo ine zvibvumirano mhando ichi, maererano magweta - Business kukanganisa. Kana muitiro achabatsirwa mari yemabhuku zvikunde - akakodzera kutengeserana, kana ukatevera mitemo kuradzikwa Article 572 of Civil Code, iri repealed.

Kusiyana maviri vakakurukura mananara tinogona kuona muenzaniso maumbirwo zvibvumirano, kuratidza zvakakodzera mhando kwoutsinye ukama.

The chibvumirano pamusoro uncompensated kushandiswa: Features

Chibvumirano chisingapembedzwi kuchinjwa pfuma (muenzaniso atichandosvika ikozvino kuongorora mamiriro) kune vakasununguka kushandisa pasi zvokudya Chapter 36 of Civil Code, chidimbu 689-fung nyaya yacho Code. Mapato ari Agreement rinotaurwa se "anomukweretesa" uye "chikwereti wacho." Wechipiri kuti chibvumirano vanosungirwa kudzokera wokutanga pfuma iri mumamiriro ezvinhu umo agamuchira, kufungisisa kunge kudzikira (kutoti zvimwe raanotaura chibvumirano).

The zvakakodzera mhando chibvumirano ngaapotedzwe nyore akanyorwa chimiro. Types pfuma inogona kuchinjwa mukati yechinangwa chibvumirano chakadaro, akasiyana-siyana Real Estate, nyika, midziyo, motokari uye vamwe, tiine dzinongoitika hunhu uye tsika.

Chii chinofanira ane chibvumirano vaiona chisingapembedzwi kuchinjwa pfuma, iyo mamiriro dzokuenzanisira, isu kudzidza? Chinonyanya kukosha chokuratidza - anosanganisira tsananguro inyaya hereof. Kana pfuma ine magwaro achirondedzera kwayo kunofanira nokusarurama tenzi, unyanzvi zvinyorwa, zvose izvo zvinofanira kushandiswa kana richiswedera kukwira kondirakiti. Mashoko esungano vanofanira kutsanangura chaiko mamiriro chepfuma, ukuru kudzikira, zvinobvira zvikanganiso nechitarisiko, etc. Chete inofanira ane uye fambisa chiito chisingapembedzwi pfuma iri vakasununguka kushandisa iyo magweta vari Dzakamukurudzirawo kuva rakakodzera mhando nemuchato vehurumende ukama.

Tinofanirawo kutaura pamusoro zvinhu kuchinjwa Real Estate kushandiswa.

Real bwedu - kushandiswa

Chisingapembedzwi kuchinjwa usingazungunuke pfuma iri vakasununguka kushandiswa pasi pehurumende kunyoresa. Ndivo zvinodiwa Chikamu 131 of Civil Code. Muchiitiko chino, kubhadhara runoenzanirana hurumende kubhadhara kuti kunyoresa pamabasa nomazvo zviremera kunodiwa. Zvisinei, kana izwi chesungano - asingasviki rimwe gore, kuti zvawamaka nzira kuti basa. Saka, muna tsika, urongwa uhwu, sezvambotaurwa nokuda magweta, haawanzopiwi kushandiswa: nyore masangano nguva nenguva kuti vadzokorore kondirakiti.

Pasi chibvumirano chipo, rimwe bato (anyatsoronga) pasina muripo anotamisa kana inozviita kutamira imwe pati (the donee) chinhu kupinda muridzi kana kodzero (dzinofunga) inozviitira kana kuti pati rechitatu, kana anosunungura kana anobvuma kusunungura kubva pfuma kuita inozviitira kana kupati yechitatu (Art. 572 GK).

Ngatichikurukurai nzira iyo kuchinjwa pfuma rinoitwa pachena panguva pfuma. Sezvataona pamusoro apa, kubva pamutemo nemaonero, nzira iyi akafanana kune mari. Saka, chibvumirano vachaitwa uye yakakodzera mhando.

Dhonesheni chibvumirano: zvinhu

An dzinonakidza Chokwadi ndechokuti mitemo Russian rinobvumira kuti "dzinogamuchidzanwa" akapedzisa chesungano pakati mupiro - asi chete kana tiri kutaura pamusoro nyaya yakataurwa mundima 2 uye 4 Chikamu 574 of Civil Code. Itirai ichi anonzi kwakakwana kana munhu, aimbova muridzi, anopa kukosha kana magwaro ezita pamusoro payo, mumwe, muridzi itsva. Zvisinei, kana uwandu pfuma -. Vanopfuura zviuru 3 rubles, kana kupinda chibvumirano kuti mari inofanira kunyora. Saka, pangava ezvinhu muenzaniso racho chivako. Somuenzaniso, vimbiso chipo maererano zororo rakadaro.

Chibvumirano muna mubvunzo, akaona makava, mativi iyo - kuti hake. The presenter anofanira uchatamisa pfuma uye zvipo, zvinozoita - kutora nayo. Uyewo, chibvumirano anogona kugovera vamwe pakumanikidzwa muridzi itsva. Somuenzaniso, imwe Anenge apa wacho anogona kupinda chibvumirano, akapa kuti zvinhu kuti Kutamiswa ichashandiswa kunoparirwa chimwe chinangwa. Kana, somuenzaniso, zvipo kupfeka kuzvipira kubata zvinhu nokungwarira kuwana.

matunhu neminisiparati pfuma

Pane here chinonzi chisingapembedzwi kuchinjwa matunhu neminisiparati pfuma. Ndezvipi zvachiri? mhando iyi nzira, sezvataurwa dzinoverengeka pamutemo manyuko, anogona kuitwa kuti matambudziko evanhu uye omutsa nemunhu. Chisingapembedzwi kuchinjwa matunhu neminisiparati pfuma kunogona kuitwa kubatsira dzinongoitika kana zviri pamutemo vanhu maererano pokugadzwa murayiro, kana sungano Municipality simba.

Kana totaura kuchinjwa Real Estate, zvinonzi akabvumira chete pfungwa yechipiri. Panguva imwe cheteyo, zvinokwanisika kuchinjwa pfuma iri vakasununguka kushandiswa. Zvisinei, muchiitiko ichi, akakweretesa, kuti vasaine chibvumirano pakati chisingapembedzwi kuchinjwa matunhu neminisiparati pfuma iri vakasununguka kushandiswa anogona chete kuva Municipality. Pasinei chokwadi kana zvivako kana zvimwe zvinhu.

batana pfuma

Fungawo chokwadi kuti chisingapembedzwi kuchinjwa batana pfuma. nzira iyi angava akasiyana nemunhu. Kureva pfuma inogona kubva yeUnited zvarinoroora kuti sangano kana Municipality, ndiEzekieri.

Kana wemupiro yeUnited pfuma rinoitwa kubva pasi pfuma muchifarira Russian Federation, ari runoenzanirana nzira inowanzopiwa kuitwa pasi mitemo Regional hurumende zvisarudzo kuratidza Implementation of Federal Law №122 kubva 22.08.2004 ari chikamu chokuita kuchinjwa zvinhu.

Kana uine kuderedza nzira - kuchinjwa vaiva zvinhu mudunhu, sezvinoita mutemo, shandisa pamutemo mabasa vakagamuchirwa nenhanho yacho, iyo waidzora nzira nokuda kuitwa batana pfuma. Kana nharaunda zvinofanirwa uchatamisa zvinhu vachifarira makanzuru, kwainyanya mutemo riri tisava wokurera panyaya padanho - asi avo inodzora ukama zviremera zvomunzvimbo chete. The neizvi nzira iri raiwanzoitwa pachishandiswa yemirau, inokurukura zvinhu weboka kwemasimba pakati vepurovhinzi uye makanzuru.

Zvisinei, sezvambotaurwa kubudikidza magweta, ari emunharaunda mitemo, mitemo izvo nokudzorwa chisingapembedzwi kuchinjwa wehurumende pfuma, zvamugere rakafanana mumwe. Uyezve, zvinoita kuchengeta zvimwe kusachinja-chinja vaine dzemunharaunda inodzora ukama panguva matunhu neminisiparati pamwero kusvika padanho mutauro akakodzera mutemo.

The ukama paruzhinji masangano

The musiyano iri kuti kuchinjwa pfuma budgetary masangano. Chii mitemo mutemo unoshanda uyu mhando ukama? Chokutanga, tinoona kuti masangano pane zviviri zvinogona kuita kuti pfuma usingabhadhari: chipo - kubva vanhu kana masangano dzisina chokuita hurumende mari uye kuparadzira gadziriro, uyewo kuburikidza kuchinjwa nemamwe masangano bhajeti. Chimbofunga zvinoitwa nomumwe pachake.

The bhajeti - kubva dzinongoitika vanhu uye zviri pamutemo masangano

Kana kuchinjwa pfuma revoruzhinji iri pasi chibvumirano chipo, mumwe mapato sungano zvingava zvakadaro dzinongoitika kana zviri pamutemo munhu, mamiriro nokupfuuridzirwa tsika yacho hazvina basa. ADC kuti manyuko mutemo vedare ukama pakati kwemarudzi aya masangano mugadziriro kuMudzidzisi zvibvumirano - 32 fung chitsauko Civil Code.

Uyezve, nzira iri mubvunzo, uyewo yaidzorwa uye chizvidavirire mutemo. Naizvozvo, chinhu chinokosha acho, kana akamirira vanhu kana masangano muchifarira bhajeti sangano rinoitwa kuchinjwa pfuma - wiring. Vanofanira kuva zvakarurama. Chimbofunga mienzaniso mishoma dzinoratidza nuances ose nzira.

The bhajeti kuvanhu nemasangano: wiring

Ngatitii kuti bhajeti mamiriro aiva chipo zvimwe zvivako pfuma nenzira dzokutengesa sangano. Muchiitiko chino, inofanira kugadzirisa nzira iyi inofanira kuva kupinda miviri:

- Debit: 2101 02 310 (izvi "Wedzerai mari dzisiri dzinogarwa kwakavakirwa");

- chikwereti: 2401 01 180 (ichi "mamwe mari").

Uyewo ari chizvidavirire zvinyorwa kunofanira kuratidza musika kukosha pfuma akapiwa. Kuti izvi zvidaro, nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kushandiswa voruzhinji mashoko ari pamutemo manyuko, mashoko ose Federal State Statistics Service, chiziviso wakasununguka kutengeswa pfuma mhando dzakafanana, kuminamato kuzvimirira appraisers.

Mumwe bhajeti - zvimwe

Chechipiri shanduro, umo zvichida mahara pfuma budgetary sangano - kuchinjwa netsika kubva rimwe sangano rine rakafanana hweHIV. nzira iyi inogona kuitwa:

- pakati masangano kuti wenharaunda yaitongwa gavhuna yose;

- pakati masangano rikaudza zvakasiyana musoro zvivako, asi mukati chete pachiyero bhajeti;

- pakati masangano anoshanda panguva yakasiyana kwevari bhajeti;

Cherechedza kuti mune iyi zvinokosha kuti pashure kuchinjwa pfuma akatakurwa achibudiswa kunze, wiring kunge akanyorwa zvakanaka.

Kana tsika dziri chinopfuudzwa vari muchiitiko rokutanga - pakati masangano, vachazvidavirira kuna gavhuna mumwe, zvakakodzera kuratidza zvinotevera chizvidavirire kupinda kaviri (ari muenzaniso iwoyo, Real Estate):

- Debit: 0101 02 310 (kureva, "The kuwedzera kukosha asiri dzinogarwa kwakavakirwa");

- chikwereti: 0304 04 310 (ichi "intra-Masvomhu").

Mune Muchiitiko chechipiri, ichiyerera mwero - zvakangofanana. Asi kukudzwa umwe: 0401 01 180 (kureva, "Other mari"). In wechitatu Muchiitiko aibuda mwero - zvakare chete. Credit zvakare anosiyana: 0104 10410 (kana "Income nezvimwe zvemari mari").