KuKalinin Anatoliy Veniaminovich, Russian Soviet munyori uye nyanduri: Biography, okugadzira zvinhu

KuKalinin Anatoly - Soviet munyori, mudetembi uye munyori wenyaya. Akanga paakavapa ari Gorky Prize, uye paakavapa wandei Medals uye mibayiro, pakati inova: sezvakarayirwa Lenin, World War I sandara, yaOctober Revolution, Red Star, Friendship pamusoro Peoples uye Labor Red Banner. Kwemakore 20, akashanda se mutevedzeri Supreme Soviet kweRussia. The upenyu uye basa murume anoshamisa uye tichataura munyaya.

Biography

Anatoly kuKalinin (ane Biography zvino runoonekwa nesu) akaberekwa muna 1916, musi 22 Nyamavhuvhu. The nzvimbo yechizvarirwo romunyori yemberi yaiva musha Kamensky (Rostov nharaunda), iyo zvino yava guta Kamensk-Shakhtinskiy. Pano, pamusoro Don, akapedza pauduku hwake uye vechidiki romunyori nezveramangwana. Baba Anatoly Veniaminovich aibva Novocherkassk Cossacks uye akashanda mudzidzisi chikoro kumaruwa, uye amai vake vaiva Cossack Kamenka.

Sekuru kuKalinin Cossack kwaya vaiimba mukereke, akanga inzwi yakanaka chaizvo. Achiyeuka uduku hwake, munyori havagoni uzvifungidzire pasina ake sekuru nokuimba.

KuKalinin kutyira kuti shoko "Cossack" iri achiri muduku haana hwakataurwa. Munyori ari kunetseka chaizvo pamusoro kumutsidzirwa Cossack tsika uye mararamiro. Zvino, munguva Great Patriotic War, Stalin chirevo pamusoro pakagadzwa nomuviri Don Cossacks, kuKalinin akaziva kuti Cossacks vakatanga panoda. Wave ichi, akabudisa muna 1943 imwe nyaya yaiva nomusoro unoti "Don Cossacks".

bhuku rokutanga

KuKalinin Anatoliy Veniaminovich akadana Cossacks "muhomba Russia", apo haana kukugoverai Cossacks pachavo kuti "nereestrovyh" uye "yokunyoresa". Asi achava zvikuru gare gare, asi iye zvino kuKalinin chakagamuchirwa kupinda Pioneers. Panguva yakadaro muduku, akanga atova vakatanga kunyora essays pamusoro upenyu hwokumaruwa uye mumapurazi ari Don kubudiswa mupepanhau "chokwadi Pioneer" uye "vazukuru Lenin kuti."

Somuyaruki muna 1930, kuKalinin pamwe basa tambo vakaenda kumisha nemisha Don kutevera collectivization. Uye muna 1931, munyori ramangwana vakava nhengo Koshanda. Pashure paizvozvo, akatanga kushandira amachinda uye Regional mapepanhau ari Kuban, Don, muna Kabardino-Balkaria.

KuKalinin Anatoly akava wenhau muna 1935, "Komsomolskaya Pravda,", iro rinovheneka zvinetso Armenia, Kabardino-Balkaria, ari Ukraine, kuti Don. Uye muna 1941, munyori akaenda mberi somunhu dzomupepanhau kuti pepanhau iri - dzakawanda Great Patriotic War yaaipedza ari kumaodzanyemba fronts.

nganonyorwa First uye Great Patriotic War

Basa munyori guru rokutanga dzakabudiswa muna 1940. Chaiva yokufungidzira vanoda "pazvikomo". In basa iri, kuKalinin Anatoly kolkhoz Nov vanotaurwa muna kumucheto Cossacks. Akanyora nezvezvinhu vaiziva kubvira pauduku: ari Cossack nzira youpenyu, murimi mudiki basa, mutauro wamarudzi.

Munguva yehondo, vanhu vanonyanya kutaurwa mabasa kuKalinin kuva cops uye varimi, uyo vakapfeka varwi 'yunifomu, kamwe anonzi yokumusha kwavo. Panguva ino, kuKalinin vakatumira siyana pepanhau essays pamusoro kuitika Rostov, Mozdok, Stalingrad. Uye muna 1943 akabudisa bhuku essays ari munyori chakanzi "The Cossacks vari kumavirira." Military nyaya yakabudiswa muna 1944 mumagazini "World Itsva" "MuSouth", uye muna 1945 - zvinobikwa "mamwe masoja". Gare gare, kwakavakirwa idzi mbiri kuKalinin pave yokufungidzira kukuru pamusoro heroism ravarwi Russian - "Red Flag". Basa yakabudiswa muna 1951 muna Rostov.

ari yepashure pehondo

Kana Great Patriotic War yapera, kuKalinin akatamira Don papurazi Puhlyakovsky. Pano, munyori pave dzakatevedzana essays pamusoro pavagere Don Cossack nemisha :. "Moon Night", "Behind akasiya kolkhoz", "rusingaperi midzi" uye mamwe magamba mabasa aya Papera kuwanikwa dzimwe enganonyorwa uye nyaya kuKalinin zhinji.

The "Chokwadi" muna 1953, munyori zvakabudisa basa "On pakati chechetere." rondedzero iyi Anoti kuKalinin zvakanaka pamusoro emwedzi chokuita kukura musha uye manyorero simba bato. Munyori zvikuru vakaonga basa iri uye haizopereri rondedzero "Moon Night". Munyori vaidavira kuti vakanga akamubatsira ritsigire rakarurama misoro asarudza kuti zvaakasika. essays izvi uchipinda vakabvuma uye vaverengi - kuKalinin akagamuchira zvakawanda tsamba nokutsigira ari kero.

Muna 1962 kuKalinin akanyora yokufungidzira "wakarambidzwa Zone", iyo inorondedzera kuvakwa Volga-Don Canal. Basa zvinomutsa zvinotevera nyaya: dzidzo murume itsva mweya rechiKomonisiti vavariro dzakanaka; Kushora zviitiko uye nezviito kuti havafaniri kuva munzvimbo mugovanisi muvanhu; tinyatsonzwisisa kuitika Pakuurayiwa hana rechiKomonisiti.

"YechiGypsy"

Asi nemhaka yokufungidzira ichi yawana mukurumbira Anatoly kuKalinin. "YechiGypsy" - iri basa kuti munyori wacho mukurumbira. nganonyorwa iyi yakaumbwa kubva siyana autobiographical mashoko. Mufananidzo mukuru hunhu, munhu wechigypsy Budulai kwakamuka munyori muhondo, kana ari muchipatara, akaona Scout Roma anopa murayiro Red Star mumwe Cossack vehondo. Ipapo kuKalinin akanga asati afunga kunyora yokufungidzira, asi iye anoyeukwa nokuda hwose ndataura. Zvadaro, kana chikwata chake kuenda pasi Minor Belozerka munyori ndakaona wakaputsika wechigypsy chengoro. Nokukurumidza akaziva kuti mukadzi akatora mwana, kuti apona kwaari. Uye pashure pehondo kuKalinin Anatoly akararama musuo pedyo wechigypsy-mupfuri, uyo aiva munun'una ainzi Budulai.

Writer yose okugadzira zvinhu mberi kureva mauto musoro, kuratidza kubatana pakati zviitiko zvekare uye chipo. mabasa awa, kuwedzera "yechiGypsy" vari enganonyorwa "bhokisi pakaoma", "Chokuona No Return", "Echo Wehondo". The inokosha pfungwa pamuviri mabasa awa iri negadziriro mifananidzo magamba - munyori anosiyanisa vanhu, vakasikwa Soviet maitiro, uye avo vane mweya vanoremadzwa kuda pfuma kana simba.

Pamakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake

Muna 1967, kuKalinin Anatoliy Veniaminovich akanyora yokufungidzira "Shevedzerai, mabhero!". Basa chakatsaurirwa kuna aesthetic uye dzetsika mhuri uye nevana.

In mabhuku, kuKalinin chaionekwa nguva dzose somutsivi Sholokhov tsika. Munyori pachake aiva chibvumirano ichi, uye kunyange 1964 yakabudisa bhuku essays pamusoro Sholokhov inonzi "Veshenskaya yezhizha." Zvadaro, muna 1975, zviri zvakabudisa yokufungidzira itsva munyori - "" Akanyarara Kunoyerera kuti Don Time ". Uye kubvira muna 1982 kusvika 1983 yakabudisa yakaunganidzwa mabasa kuKalinin.

Munyori akafa muna 2008, musi waJune 12, muna kumaruwa Puhlyakovsky. Akavigwa muchivanze weimba yake.

Ndima Kalinina Anatoliya Veniaminovicha

Poetry kuKalinin haisi uyewo aizivikanwa prose ake. Kunyange zvakadaro, munyori akanyora nhetembo anoverengeka uye nhetembo. Uyezve mazano akanga kunyora itsva pamusoro Don Cossacks munhetembo. Zvinosuruvarisa, pfungwa iyi kumboiswa rakatangwa.

Kalinina Anatoliya Veniaminovicha nhetembo, kufanana prose yake, pfungwa yetsika nyaya, dzechiKomonisiti neururami, uyewo Great Patriotic War. In ake enhetembo mitsetse munyori rinokurudzira vaverengi kutevera mwoyo wako, kuti tirarame maererano nehana uye kuita zvakanaka. Kunyanya chete vanhu, maererano kuKalinin, ndiko kugona rayo vachizvipira kushumira Motherland. The Musoro udyire basa, zvichida, anomhanyira kuburikidza ose mabasa munyori.

"Budulai, izvo usamirira"

firimu Uku kwadzakabva pamusoro yokufungidzira "yechiGypsy," yakabudiswa muna 1994. Director of firimu rainzi Alexander Fenko. The kupfura kwakaitika mumusha uye papurazi Razdorskaya Kanygin (Rostov Region). Uyu apo akaberekwa uye akararama kupfuura hwake iye kuKalinin. Nokupembera uye nziyo dziri reDare vatambi kubva yechiGypsy Theater "Romen".

Zvisinei, mashoko Mini-dzinoti "The yechiGypsy Island" pakutanga filmed, rakabudiswa muna 1993. Uye pashure chete pagore anoritsanangura vakatasva kupenda "Budulai, izvo usanonoka."

The chikuru basa firimu reDare Otar Megvinetuhutsesi. The mufananidzo inotiudza munhu wechigypsy Budulai, anodzoka kuna Don Cossack mumusha pashure pemakore 10 ari mujeri.

Saka, munhu anonakidza uye inonakidza upenyu akararama kuKalinin. Kana emunyori basa, zviri nevakawanda nhasi.