Kukumbana: mienzaniso mashoko mumutauro weRussia

mutauro Russian akapfuma chaizvo yakasiyana zvikamu rwokutaura, kubatsira kuvaka kuverenga uye musoro wenyaya. Asi hazvibviri kufungidzira kwedu mutauro waamai pasina PARTICIPLE, shoko rechiito siyana, izvo ane aro zviratidzo, uye adjectives. Zvir - chikamu synthesized kutaura, ine vazhinji anotaurisa zvingangoitika, anogona kuita zvakasiyana mabasa mumutsetse. It hazvo dzidza mune kosi hweutungamiri.

Zviratidzo adjectives vari sakaramende

First unofanira kutsanangura kukumbana sezvo zvikamu kutaura. Ezviri rechiito anonzi, rinobatanidza zvinhu ane chipauro uye rechiito, uye anopindura mubvunzo chii? uyo? Kukumbana inechirevo chiito uye kusaina panguva iyoyowo. Saka unogona zvishoma kutsanangura chii sakaramendi. Mienzaniso mashoko chokuita chikamu chino kutaura - a kutungamirira, kuti zvinhu, ruzivo, razova, akararama, akadzidzisa, uye vamwe vakawanda.

Sezvo chirairo ndiyo vasingasiyani kubva chipauro, vane zvimwe zvinhu. Saka, sakaramendi dzinosiyana pamusoro nhamba, uye kuberekwa nyaya. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti zviratidzo izvi vane pfupi uye zvizere chirairo. Mienzaniso mashoko vane zvinhu izvi izvo vakabatana navo adjectives: Kurota - kurota (shanduko pakukurukura), uyo akabvuma - akabvuma (rimwechete uye muzvizhinji), rinoumbwa - - akaanyora (shanduko iri nyaya: nominative, genitive uye dative, ukuwo).

Zviratidzo rechiito iri ezviri

Sezvo mumwe ezviri rechiito, zvikamu zviviri kutaura zvine chokuita uye vane iine nevakawanda hunhu. Pakati pavo pane chimiro (akakwana - Akati, kukwana - kutaura), nokuripira uye tinongorarama kwemakore mashoma (vachiseka tucked kure), dhipoziti (nyararisa - yakabikwa, azere - kukwegura). Transitive uye intransitive - ndicho chimwe chiratidzo, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva chirairo. Mienzaniso mashoko anoenderana yezwi - the rokuchenesa (kamuri) kuverenga (pepanhau) kuti intransitive - kumbopfeka, inokurudzira.

A Kunyanya nguva ndechokuti ari sakaramende nguva. Zvakakodzera rangarira kuti muchikamu chino kutaura chete kare uye chipo. Hakuna chimiro PARTCPLES nguva yemberi.

Actual Komuniyoni

boka iri anodana PARTICIPLE chiito kuti anotakura chinhu pachayo. Asi chii iwo tsika, chine musoro sakaramendi? Mienzaniso chikamu ichi mashoko - chilling, nokuzevezera, akararama, achidanidzira, kubhururuka, etc ...

The chipo chinoshanda PARTICIPLE rinotsanangura chiito kuti anova panguva imwe chete, unonzi Predicate (semuenzaniso: Amai kuona mwana wacho mutambo).

Special ezvinhu nokuva kare PARTICIPLE. About chii chiito rinotsanangura chaiwo sakaramendi, zvinogona kutongwa pashure Pakusarudza mhando rechiito kubva icho kuumbwa. Somuenzaniso, kana munhu ACTIVE PARTICIPLE iri inoumbwa nevanhu suffixes akakwana rechiito, asi chiito chakaitika pamberi mumwe, wainzi rechiito. Somuenzaniso, mukirasi agere mudzidzi uyo anosarudza aedze. PARTICIPLE achiumbwa kubva rechiito "kusarudza" (zvokuita?) - hwakakwana chimiro. In boka mudzidzi agere mutsindo bvunzo. Panyaya iyi, pfungwa inoshandiswa PARTICIPLE imperfective.

chirevo chezvakaitirwa

Chimwe siyana chikamu chino kutaura kuti chirevo chezvakaitirwa. Mienzaniso mashoko chokuita muchikwata ichi, ndeinotevera: akamisa, wana, akapfeka akavaka, rinosundwa uye nevamwe.

mhando iyi PARTICIPLE tsanangura chiito rokuita pamusoro chinhu. Zvadaro, izvi inodaidza sakaramendi, anogona kuitika zvose panguva imwe chete, sezvinoratidzwa Predicate uye magumo yapfuura, asi kuva noukama aripo nguva.

Kakawanda, mukutaura uye mumabhuku kunogona kuwanikwa chirevo chezvakaitirwa pamwe kuzvimiririra neshoko. Mienzaniso yakadaro zvirevo: basa wenziyo akanyorwa auditioned audiophile mumhanzi njanji uye zvichingodaro.

Kutaurirana nevamwe mativi kutaura

Chirairo chinogona kuchinjwa kuva nezvimwe zvikamu kutaura vanotungamirirwa zvakasiyana pezvakaitwa, zvikaita kuti pave yomutauro wokuRussia. Saka, sakaramendi anogona substantivised kuva pazita (zvakafanira kuteerera mashoko akadai mutungamiri, ramangwana kuti sei mibvunzo ndiani? Chii?).

Chimwe pfungwa inokosha - pasi adjectivization chokugoverana. . Mienzaniso mashoko vakambonzwa acho, - rakagochwa, akakura, hwakavigwa, akaberekwa, etc. Pane chaizvo mubvunzo musoro: sei kusiyanisa sakaramendi of chipauro neimwe nyaya? Mumwe mukuru zvinhu zvichakubatsira kuparadzanisa zvikamu kutaura - kuwana nokuwadzana kuzvimiririra neshoko. Mienzaniso mashoko akadaro skillet zvakakanyiwa namafuta matapiri zvavaita yamakakonzera kutsamwa, etc ...

Kuongororwa sakaramende mu waiti "Morphology"

Pane nokudzidza chimwe nechimwe chikamu rwokutaura chikoro zvidzidzo uye zvidzidzo pamusoro rorusununguko Philology chero aripo basa parsing ane shoko mumutsetse. Kuti aite izvi, unofanira kuona chikamu rwokutaura iyo inopiwa lexical Unit, uye parse zvakarurama. Saka, edza kunzwisisa sakaramendi. Sei kuziva kuti shoko riri mumiriri chikamu ichi kutaura? Unongofanira kuziva hwokufananidzira suffixes ose PARTICIPLE. Mienzaniso mashoko ine suffixes -usch-, -yusch (zvinobatanidzwa, nyota) -asch-, -yasch- (mukukurumidzisa akarara) -vsh- (vava) -m- (kwakakunyengera) -enn-, -nn - (revatema, kwete kuzivikanwa), -om-, -em- (-yevedza, muranda) - vose chirairo ichi, vanoshingaira uye pusa, zvekare kana chipo.

Saka, kuongorora sakaramendi chinosanganisira dzinomiririra kwaari mubvunzo (kazhinji chii?), Kuziva rive sakaramendi, kutanga anoratidza somurume, shoko risiri muuzhinji muna nominative nyaya, tsanangudzo rechiito uye suffix, pamwe pacho Rinobva nayo. Also kunodiwa kuti kutaridzwa mhando, kuvapo dzokororo uye transitivity rubatso nguva siyana (pfupi kana renguva), munhui, nhamba, nyaya uye declination syntactic basa mumutsetse kupiwa.