22 Zvakanaka lr (katuriji): unhu, ongororo

.22 Zvakanaka lr (katuriji) - munhu akakurumbira chaizvo nhare pakati vavhimi uye mutambo kupfura (chepakutanga Long pfuti, mushanduro kubva Chirungu - "pfuti refu"). Weapons pasi pake ikozvino kusunungurwa zvishoma, nokuda yakamanikana zvikuru specialization: zvikurukuru rinoshandiswa kuti diki mhuka kunovhima.

misiyano

.22 Zvakanaka lr - Isa duku caliber rimfire. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana pomukuvadzi pena yakarova nayo pakati uye liner flange (peripheral chikamu madzinde). Nokudaro, zvombo lähikuva hakuwaniki somunhu yoga isangano, iri kuvhunduka rose chivako mu compressed muchimiro zvakananga pasi ruoko. Kazhinji, bara iri rimfire cartridges dzinotungamirira, kunyange dzimwe nguva pane vamwe. Low-simba zvombo zvinoshandiswa pakugadzira mhuka duku: squirrels, marmots, uyewo dzevhu njivavarungu kupfura. Somuenzaniso, muna US riri kuonekwa kupfuura yakakunakira katuriji kupfura gophers.

nyaya

Muna 1887, nyika yokutanga vakanzwa .22 Zvakanaka lr. The katuriji akasunungurwa neAmerican kambani J. Stevens Arm & Danho Company. Mazuvano, rimfire cartridges asiri kushandiswa, asi Long pfuti achiri mufashoni uye dzakakurumbira. Muruvoko rekodhi uwandu nyaya.

Chikonzero kukurumbira

Zvingaita kuti murume ano hakugoni kukwezva .22 Zvakanaka lr - Cartridge, izvo kwemakore anopfuura zana, uye achashandisa nayo kutoti vanoda Antiques. Zvisinei, hazvisi. Kune zvitatu zvikonzero zvayo mukurumbira: rakadzika mari dzinenge hapana hazviiti uye zvakanaka ballistic unhu kana vachipfura pedyo akareba.

On hwaro ichi, chinova zvombo zvakakwana kwenguva kunovhima duku mhuka inobereka makushe-, uye kudzidzisa, nekuti kana zvichienzaniswa Chuck kurwa nechepakati, .22 Zvakanaka lr anogona kuva imwe nguva yaunopedza pazvinhu Unorudzi zvikuru zvikuru. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya nevhu chipfuro kupfura, kana mune pfupi kurovedza zvakakodzera kuti mashomanana zana kurira kwepfuti, uye kunyange paavhareji kudzoka anova tisanzwe chaizvo.

A zvishoma pamusoro pfuti

Chinokosha ndechokuti zvombo kuti cartridges ose .22 Zvakanaka lr caliber zvichida rinenge yakachipa pashiri mutengo kuti musika rehurumende, uye vainyanya mudziyo uri nyore uye yakavimbika, nemhaka simba rayo shoma. zvombo kwakadaro kuchaita zvienderane kunyange mano Vapfuri.

Izvi dzinowanzotsigi- kuvhima uye dzine nepfuti, asi pane pfuti, vazhinji kudzidzisa-mitambo. Rare pfuti kuti vazvidzivirire pasi Zvakanaka lr. Zvakafanana-siyana .22 caliber usingashandi okunatsiridza Somuenzaniso, mune maoko ane .22 Zvakanaka lr inogona kushandiswa .22 Short uye Long, asi vamwe, akadai .22 WMR ( "Magnum"), havasi akakodzera nokuda kusiyana kukura ruoko (6.1 mm uye 5,75 mm panguva "Magnum", uye Zvakanaka lr, ukuwo).

zvombo chambered

Models pasi .22 Zvakanaka lr ammo zvikuru zvizhinji. Izvi zvinosanganisira revolvers uye kuzvipira vachizvitakudza pfuti, akadai chivhorovhoro Margolin (pfuti Soviet nokuti anokanda mitambo, makwikwi waishandiswa kubva 1954 kusvika 1979), uyewo IL-34 uye MC-3. Kubva chitoro kuvhima nepfuti uye carbines pasi geji ichi yakakodzera yokutevedzera, akadai TOZ-11 (Soviet kuvhima pfuti, yakabereka Tula maoko fekitari) TOZ-17 uye 18, uye TOZ-78.

Pakati zvemitambo uye magazini kudzidzisa nepfuti ndandanda zvombo pasi Zvakanaka lr ingasanganisira Bi-7-2 uye TOZ-9. Uyezve, kana isu nezvazvo kuzvidzora vachizvitakudza nepfuti, Long pfuti vachauya kuna American Kumbofungatira pfuti AR-7, yakatanga mukupera mashanu. MuUnited States uye Western Europe, kachiri chaizvo. Zvinonzi vaiona yakanaka kurovedza kupfura, sezvazvakanyorwa aendwe rwendo vashanyi. The Pamazita inogona vaisanganisa pamwe TSV-1 mapfuranhunzi pfuti kudzidzisa, iyo yakatanga pahwaro SVD. Chokwadi zviri Ichokwadi, hazvigoni zita nekuda yakaderera siyana: m 100 chete, asi zviri chose anoruramiswa zita rayo.

Other duku-caliber mapfuranhunzi pfuti ari .22 Zvakanaka lr - ndiyo SV-99, iyo yava kushandiswa mune dzimwe dzeRussia. zvazvingava Its - vanenge 10 vaitenderera paminiti, uye bara nokukurumidza - 345 m / s. Top vaitenderera shanu uye vaifanira vachiridzira zvakawanda 150 metres.

nokuti chinokosha mauto

The anokosha Mauto vane zvombo cartridges ose .22 Zvakanaka lr. Mureza nokuti "pfuti" izvi - husingakuvadzi soundless vapfurwa. pfuti vakanyarara ichi Somuenzaniso British Welrod, iyo yakatanga muna 1942 zvinodiwa uchenjeri uye anokosha dzakabatana. An dzinonakidza chinhu ndechokuti kana chezita muzvitoro muna sere vaitenderera tichikwanisa yakarumbidza kushongedzera shanu chete, kuitira wedzerai rakavimbika. Izvi zvinofanira kusanganisira vanonzi "De Liesl" - De Lisle carbine, uyewo British chombo zvitoro carbine, ane Integrated silencer. "De Liesl" raiva pokushandisa Second World War, mukuwedzera British mauto, vakanga vakagadzirira zvimwe vamapoka America.

Kune dzimwe yokutevedzera wokuvhima uye zvemitambo zvombo chambered nokuti .22 Zvakanaka lr vazhinji.

zvinoitwa

Cartridge kureba 25.4 mm. The kwokutanga bara velocity riri pasi, kubva 250 kusvika 500 m / s, zvichienderana chombo, uye kuti nokuda duku-siyana kutiza. bara simba muna J: kubva 55 kusvika 90 - nokuti pfuti, uye kubvira 125 kusvika 259 - nokuti nepfuti. The dhayamita of flange (a peripheral chikamu madzinde) iri 7.1 neMM, ari dhayamita of ruoko nechigadziko - 5,74 neMM, uye kureba - 15,57 mm. Bara uremu anobva 1.9 kusvika 2,6 g, uye Kurema propellant vebasa kushandiswa zvingava 0,07 kusvika 0,11 d

Muchiuto

Kana isu kutaura pamusoro kushandiswa katuriji kuzorwa navanhu, zvakanga pano kuti haana nhaka hwakanaka. Nokuda yakaderera simba riri anenge harimboshandiswi hondo, nekuti kungokonzera kuunza vanhu pasi, taiva chaizvo vakawanda kwakafanorongwa. Zvisinei, pane mafomu vanobudirira dzakawanda, somuenzaniso panyaya yacho submachine pfuti American-180. A mukuru zvazvingava anosvika mazana nemashanu vaitenderera paminiti uye rakanyatsojeka voluminous chitoro (kubvira 165 kusvika 275 vaitenderera) anogona kusava nesimba muna dzokurwa kuboora kugona uye Long pfuti.

Chimwe kushandiswa dzinonakidza pakati munitions anowanikwa mukurovedza yevashandi of Red Army isati hondo. Asati vachiridzira zvigwagwagwa Degtyarev uye Bamba, masoja vakadzidziswa pamusoro diki-caliber pfuti Blum - chikoro chinotsiva yetsiva pfuti. Izvi zvaiita kwete chete kurerutsa nhamba tsaona, asi kuderedza mari kudzidzisa vashandi. dzimwe nguva Naizvozvo pfuti Blum rinoshandiswa senzira nhumbi anokanda pamapere.