Kukurukurirana kwekutaura: kushanda. Trunking kukurukurirana maitiro

Pane imwe nzira kumagetsi emagetsi anogona kunge ari kugunzva maitiro ekukurukurirana. Izvi zvinogadziriswa zvesayenzi zvinoshandiswa zvakashandiswa pasi rose. Masangano akawanda eRussia, ose ari oga uye evanhu vose, anosarudza kungofanana chete kwekugumira. Chii chaicho chaicho? Ndezvipi zvinobatsira zvekugadzirisa zvinetso pamusoro pezvimwe zvinowanzobudiswa zvekukurukurirana zvinoitwa muRussia uye kune dzimwe nyika?

Chii chinonzi trunking systems?

Kukurukurirana kwepachigaro kune mutauro wenyika inoshandiswa hukuru hukuru hwekukurukurirana kwehuwandu hwemhepo. Inoshandisa nekuparadzira zvikwereti zvekudzokorora pakati pevanyori mu-automatic mode. Mukuwedzera, izwi rokuti "trunking connection" rinoenderana nenzira iyo vashandi vanogona kuwana sarudzo dzakatsaurirwa, mukati maro iyo majeredzi akasununguka anopiwa kune imwe nyanzvi yenguva yekubatanidza.

Kuronga kwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinowanzomiririrwa:

- zvombo zvevhu;

- vabhadhara zvivako.

Chinhu chokutanga chekutakura zvigadziriswa zvinosanganisira zvivako zvepasi uye vatongi. Mhando dzemazuva ano dzemidziyo yemhando yakakodzera inobvumira kushandiswa kwekutaurirana mukati memunhu mumwe nomumwe, boka kana kuparadzirwa kwemhando dzekufonera. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvinobvira kubatanidza imwe chiteshi chekunyorera kune imwe kunze kwekuwana zviwanikwa zvechitsime chepasi.

Iyi nzira yekukurukurirana inoshandiswa pakugadzirisa zvakasiyana-siyana mabasa ematunhu emasimba enyika. Zvakakosha panguva imwe chete iyo inyanzvi yezvigadzirwa zveSORM mumagetsi ekukurukurirana anotaridzirwa. Izvi, sekutonga, zvakagadzirirwa mumatare ematare ematare.

Mazano ekutaurirana

Ngationgororei nheyo dzinokosha dzekuvaka zvigadziriro zvekukurukura.

Inyanzvi yekombiyuta yakakodzera inosanganisira kushandiswa kwemafungu e ultrashort, kufanana nemagetsi ekukurukurirana. Vanodzokorora vanoshandiswa kuwedzera huwandu hwezviratidzo muhutano huripo. Takaona pamusoro apa kuti kune zvivako zvepasi uye zvakasikwa. Inogona kuenzanisirwa neimwe kana zvinhu zvakasiyana - mumutambo wokutanga iyo network inenge ichitsanangurwa seye-zone, mune yechipiri - se-multi-zone.

Kutanga kwekutanga kukurukurirana kunobvumidza kuronga kushamwaridzana kwevanodarika mazana vabhadhari. Iye zvino, kuburikidza nekubatanidza nhamba inodiwa yezvivako zvigadziriro mumutambo wekushandisa, zvinokwanisika kupa ruzivo rwepamusoro pakati pehuwandu hwevanyori. Munhu anotora zvigaro anogona kugovera foni yekutanga, kupa mutauriro mumarudzi akasiyana-siyana - simplex, duplex. Zvivako zvemazuva ano zvehutano hwakakodzera zvinogona kupa kuchengetedzwa kwemakamuri kubva pakusakwaniswa kusina mvumo, kuteerera, kunokubvumira kuti uratidze zviyero paInternet. Kukurukurirana kwehurongwa hwemagetsi kunofanirwa kudivikira uye kuenzanisa.

Ndiani anoshandisa trunking systems?

Zvigadziriro zvehurongwa, izvo zvatiri, pamusoro pezvakataurwa pamusoro apa, zvikamu zve-radial-zonal zvehutano hwehutano nekushanda mu-ultra-short short, zvinonyanya kushandiswa nevatengi vemakambani, pamasimba ematare. Kunyange zvazvo vashandi vakakurumbira vemagetsi ekufambisa ari vanhu vari voga. Izvo zvinokodzera zvakakosha kusangano rekushandura kwemashoko mukati memapoka eongorori - somuenzaniso, paanenge ari pabasa, kuita mabasa, kubatsira vamwe vanhu pazvinouya kumabasa ekukurumidza.

Pamusoro peizvi taona kuti rudzi rwekukurukurirana riri pasi pekufungisisa runodiwa nehurumende. Zvechokwadi, zvivako zvakakosha ndevashandisi vekutevedzera uku. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nehuwandu hwezvakasiyana zvakasiyana pakati peTrunking Communications, kunyanya, kubva pamasero, ayo anowanzoitirwa vagari vese. Zita:

- mukana wekuda nguva pfupi - mukati me 0.5 masekondi, kubatanidza mumwe kubhadhara kune imwe;

- kutsunga kwekutanga kukurukurirana nzira ;

- kukwanisa kwevanyori kuti vataurirane asi vasina kushandisa nzvimbo yepamusoro;

- kuwanikwa kwezvigadzirwa zvekugadzirisa mutevedzeri maererano nemabasa emushandisi;

- kukwanisa kuronga boka, kuparidzirwa, dambudziko, kunonoka kudana;

- kuwanikwa kwezviwanikwa zvekunyoresa kutaura, kukwanisa kuterera hurukuro nevechitatu.

Izvi zvinosarudzwa hazvifananidzi kune zvese zvemashamba ekukurukurirana. Zvimwe zvakafanana ne-trunking teknolojia ine mushamba wepamusoro Push To Talk. Asi nemitemo yakawanda haina kukodzera kumasangano ehurumende.

Kutaurirana kwemashure kunopfuura sei trunking? Chokutanga pane zvose, kukwanisa kutumira data yepafaira pamhanho yakakura - mazuva ano ma 4G anobvumira kusvika kuongororwo yemakumi makumi mana emigetsi. Zvisinei, inofanira kuonekwa kuti kutora kunowanikwa mumutauro weTETRA (maererano nekombiyuta mumutauro R2), mumutemo, unogonawo kuwedzerwa kwekuwedzerwa kwedhesi.

TETRA ndiyo teknolojia ye digital yekutaurirana mubvunzo. Asi zvakakosha kuziva kuti kubatana kwe "TETRA" kwekushandurwa kweRI kunenge kwakaderera kune muzinga R2 - kunyanya, kukurumidza kwekuwedzerwa kwemashoko. Kunyange zvazvo hurukuro huru yemashandisirwo emhando mbiri yakafanana. Ichave yakakosha kuenzanisa nemamwe maitiro akafanana ekutaurirana kwekutamba.

Zvinotarisirwa zvinyorwa zve trunking kutaurirana

Inyanzvi dzakawanda dzinowanzobatanidza, kutanga kwezvose, izvo zvinoshandiswa se digital. The analog trunking infrastructure haisi kunyanya kudiwa iye zvino. Iyo inonyanyozivikanwa yekukurukurirana mitemo yemhando yakatarwa ndeyekuti:

- EDACS.

- iDEN.

- TETRA.

- APCO.

Ngationgororei zvinhu zveumwe neumwe wavo zvakanyatsorondedzerwa.

EDACS Standard

Dhigirii ye EDACS yakagadzirwa neSweden corporation Ericsson. Inotsanangurwa sevharo. Uyu mutemo unosanganisira kutumirwa kwedhesi pamusoro pemigwagwa uchishandisa mazamu akasiyana-siyana (asi mukati ma870 MHz). Mune imwe network trunking inobvumira kupa hutano pakati pevanhu vane zviuru makumi mapfumbamwe.

Mutemo uri mubvunzo unokwanisika kuvimbiswa, asi unofungidzirwa kusina basa, sezvo unosanganisira kutumirwa kwechiratidzo cheanalogo, pasinei nekushandiswa kwekugadzirwa kwedhijidhi. Mukuwedzera, iye, sezvataona pamusoro apa, akavharwa. Izvo zvigadzirwa zvekukurukurirana zvakagadzirirwa kwazviri zvinogona kubudiswa chete nekambani yekugadzira.

DEN standard

Uyu mutemo unovharwa zvakare. Yakagadzirwa ne Motorola. Chinonyanya kukosha chiri kuNorth America, dzimwe nyika dzeSouth America, muAsia. Iyo inyanzvi iri kuongorora inoita kuti zvikwanise kuisa mukati mehutano hwekutora mitambo yenhandare iyo inowanzozivikanwa kune vanofambisa-shandisi vemagetsi - sekutumira, kutumira SMS, kutumira faira, kuhudzana neInternet.

MuRussia, maitiro akaenzana haana kugoverwa, nyanzvi dzinofunga, nokuti maitiro anoshandiswa mumakiromita aro - 805-821 MHz kana 855-866 MHz haasi akakwana zvikuru kubva pakuona kugadzirisa matambudziko nevanoshandisa main trunking communication systems, , Sezvatakaona pamusoro apa, sanganisira hurumende. Nenzira, Motorola yakabudisa mhinduro dzakawanda dzinowirirana nemagetsi ekutengesa uye mafoni.

Tetrapol PAS

Izvi zvinyorwa zvekukurukurirana zvakagadzirwa muFrance, kambani Matra Communication yakatungamirirwa neFrance zviitiko zvakasiyana. Iyo inoratidzirwa nekushandiswa kwemajaya akaderera pasi - kubva pa70 kusvika ku520 MHz, kushandiswa kwaro kusingazivikanwi mune dzimwe nyika. Zvisinei, muRussia, kuedza kwakagadzirwa kuti kuongorore mutemo wakatarisana wekutumira mashoko.

TETRA

Pamusoro peizvi taifunga zvimwe zve teknolojia yeTETRA. Ngatitsvakirei zvakanyatsorondedzerwa.

Kubatana kweTETRA kunobata, ikozvino, kuzarura kukurukurirana kwakagadzirwa nevaongorori veEurope. Kunze kweEurope kwenguva yakareba kwakanga kusingawanzoitiki, zvisinei, ikozvino iko kushandiswa nemakambani akawanda eRussia, Asia, Africa uye South South firms.

Kuvhurwa kwemavara ari pasi pekufungisisa kunoita kuti zviboneke kuedza kuwirirana neiri kune vakasiyana-siyana vanogadzira zvigadzirwa zvekutumira mashoko. Kambani inoronga kusunungura maikirwo akafanana, zvisinei, inofanira, panguva imwe chete, kuva nhengo yeOUU TETRA sangano, nokudaro ichisimbisa kuda kwayo kubatsira pakuvandudzika kwekombiyuta iyi. Mhando dzakawanda dzemazuva ano dzinogadzirisa midziyo yekutora mitambo yakaita sangano iri.

Takaona pamusoro apa kuti miviri yeR2 inobvumira kudhonza kwemashoko nokukurumidza. Izvi zvinogoneka, kunyanya, nekuda kwekuti kunyatsobatana nekombiyuta yakakodzera kunosanganiswa nemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi.

MuRussia, mutemo weTETRA unozivikanwa pasi peTetrarus brand. Saka, yakashandiswa kuvaka zvivako zvekutengesa zvinyorwa panguva yeOlympics muSochi.

APCO 25

Imwe yeruzivo rwekukurukurirana kwekombiki yekutengesa ndiyo APCO 25. Yakasungirirwa neChishanu yeKunisirwa kweNyaya dzeZviriro dzeZvivirirwe. Musoro wezvivakwa izvi uri muU.S., mumatunhu eVirginia neFlorida.

Kubudirira kwemuyero uyu ndeyekuti zvinokwanisika kupa ruzivo kuburikidza nemakiteshi nehupamhi hwekuchengeteka hunoitwa kuburikidza uchishandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekunyora magetsi. Chimwe chinhu chinozivikanwa chePACO ndechekuti inobvumira kushandisa mazamu akawanda akawanda - kubva pa 139 kusvika ku 869 MHz. Iyo yakakwirira yehuviriro inopiwa nehurongwa hwakakodzera hwekukurukurirana hunofananidza hutano hwakakwana hwekudiwa kwayo kweRussia mabasa anokosha.

Izvo zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti Russian Federation ine maitiro ayo ekutaurirana, kushanda maererano nemitemo yezvinyorwa. Kushandiswa kwavo kunogadziriswa nekudiwa kwekugadzira hutano hwakatendeseka hwakachengeteka uye hwakachengeteka. Apo nzira iyi inoshandiswa, chirongwa che trunking chinoshandiswa mumauto ehondo yeRussian Federation. Mazhinji emichina yekukurukurirana inoshandiswa muuto reRussia yakagadzirirwa zvakananga kuzvidzivirira uye haisati yakagadzirirwa kugadziriswa kwevanhu vakawanda.

Vakuru vanopa hutano hwekutora trunking muRussia

Ngationgororei mabhii muRussia anopa hutano achishandiswa nehutano huri mubvunzo.

Munhu anozivikanwa zvikuru weRussia anonzi trunking kukurukurirana ndiye RadioTel. Iine zvivako zvekugadzirisa zvinokubvumira kuti uyananise nhare dzemafoni nezvitoro zveguta. Anonunura mhinduro dzemabasa ekukurumidzira, MES, vatengi vega.

Imwe yevatongi vakuru zvikuru muRussia ndiyo Tetrasvyaz. Inonyanya mukushandiswa kwemasarudzo mukati mehutano hweTETRA munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzeRussia. Anonunura hutano hwakasiyana-siyana - kubva pakugadzira mitambo yekutumira kuitisa.

Chimwe chinonyanya kukosha mumusika we trunking mhinduro ndeNzvimbo yeTrank. The firm renders services in particular in Moscow and region, as well as in other regions of the Center of the Russian Federation. Izvo zvinzvimbo zvinoshandiswa pachedu semupi wezvigadziriswa zvinogadziriswa kune zvakatemwa zvemabhizimisi matsuro emamwe masangano evanhu.

Imwe kambani inonyanya kuzivikanwa iyo inoshanda mune imwe nzvimbo yeknunking technologies ndiyo Center-Telco. Zvinogona kucherechedza kuti zvivako zvayo zvinoshandisa zvinogadzirisa zvinoshanda mukati mehutano hwehutano hweEEDACS.

Matarisiro ekufambira mberi kwekutora matanho muRussia Federation

Saka, takadzidza kuti kubatana kwekutengesa chii, chirevo chekuvaka zvigaro kushandisa maitiro ayo. Ngationei zvino izvo nyanzvi dzinotaura pamusoro pekutarisira kwekugadzirisa mhinduro dzakakodzera muRussia. Iyi nyaya ndiyo hurukuro yehurukuro dzakakura zvikuru nekubatanidzwa kwevamiririri vemabhizimisi ekutengeserana eRussia - madhipatimendi, vanopa mari, vatengi vavo.

Nharaunda inokurukura zvakakosha zvekutora matanho munzvimbo yekutanga, kunyanya pamberi pemaitiro emagetsi, uyewo kushandiswa kwemitemo iripo yekukurukurirana muRussian Federation. Saka, pakati pevanyori vari munharaunda yekugadzirisa mubvunzo, pfungwa yekuona iyo teknolojia yeTETRA ichava yakanakisisa yeRussia, ichifunga nezvezvimwe zvekusimudzirwa kwekukurukurirana mazano muRussian Federation, inowanzoitika.

Pamusoro pezvatinoona kuti ndiyo yaiva yeTETRA yaive yakasarudzwa yekuvaka hutano hwekukurukurirana paOlympics yeSochi. Asi muRussia, imwe nzira kana imwe, inyanzvi yehutano hwekutengesa zvinyorwa kubva kune avo vanoshandiswa kupi zvako munyika ino inomiririrwa - uye izvi hazvirevi kuwedzera kwemauto ehondo. Nhamba yakawanda yekugadzirisa rudzi rwakakodzera rwakatangwa muRussian Federation inokonzerwa, kutanga kwezvose, kushayikwa kwekubatana, mitemo yakagamuchirwa nehurumende yekusarudza yakanakisisa yezvigadzirwa zvekombiki zvekuvaka zvivako zvekugadzirira.

Kukurukurwa kwerudzi rwakakodzera rwekukurukurirana muRussia kunogona kukanganiswa nekufungidzira kusina kunaka kwezvakanakira zvekugadziriswa kwevatungamiri vematare iyo inonyanya kushandisa vanoshandiswa kwemichina. Kwavari haisi nguva dzose kuoneka yakakwirira ye trunking zvivako zvepamusoro pamusoro pemagetsi emagetsi. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana.

Chokutanga chekuti, iyo iyo midziyo yeanalogog trunking yokugadzirisa maitiro, digital solution yemhando yakakodzera mari, sekutonga, inonyanya kudhura kudarika zvigadzirwa zvekushandiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi. Panguva imwecheteyo, masangano anowanzoti haafaniri kufunga nezvezvinobatsira zvakananga zvekutaurirana, izvo zvinosanganisira, kutanga kune zvose, mukugadzirisa uye kuchengeteka kwekukurukurirana nekufambisa mashoko. Mukuwedzera, iyo chaiyo mari inobatanidza nekushandiswa kwekukurukurirana, nekushandiswa kwekugadzirisa zvinogona kugadzirisa zvinogona kunge zvakanyanya kuderera kudarika munyaya dzemagetsi ekukurukurirana - nechinangwa chaicho chekukurukurirana kwezvinhu izvi.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mutemo wekukurukurirana kwechinyorwa unoshanda kwete kungoita kuti zvibvumirano zvinoshanda pakati pevanyori. Pachikonzero chekombiji yakakodzera, zvirongwa zvekuwana chinhu chinogona kushandiswa, pamwe chete nemiganhu yayo yeGPS, uye kuongorora kwayo kuburikidza nenzvimbo dzinoongorora. Panguva imwecheteyo, paunenge uchivaka hurongwa hwakakodzera, hungave husingadi kuisa zvinodhura zve duplex zvinogadziriswa - zvinogona kuva zvakakwana uye zvigadzirwa zvisingabatsiri. Iyi nzira yekushandiswa kwekukurukurirana kwechinyorwa chimwe chikonzero mukukura kwekufarira mazviri kubva kumakambani akasiyana-siyana eRussia nemasangano.

Summary

Saka, takadzidza kuti zvigadzirwa zvemichina ndezvipi, uye akaongorora mazano ekukurukurirana anoenderana navo. Vakuru vashandisi vezvisarudzo zvinoenderana neRussia mabasa anokosha, zvivako zvehurumende, mabhizimisi makuru. Muzvikamu zveRussia Army, zvigadziriro zvekutaurirana zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa, zvakagadzirirwa zvakananga kugadzirisa zvinetso zvehondo - chivharo chakavharwa.

Izvo zvakakosha zvinobudirira zvehutfumi-shandisirwo pasi pekufungidzirwa ndeyokukurumidza kwekutsinhanisa kwedheta, kuchengetedzwa kweruzivo, iyo yakakwirira yekuwedzerwa kwedhadharo (munyaya dzemazuva ano digital digita), kukwanisa kuvaka mapurogiramu pamwero mukuru, kunze kwekuti zvikwereti zvepamusoro uye zvakaringana zvidzidzo zvepamusoro zvinoshandiswa.

In trunking network vane zvakawanda zvakafanana ne cellular - mashandiro ari Ultra-pfupi siyana, kukwanisa kutumira mameseji pakati mudziyo, uye kushandisa Indaneti kana kushandisa kuMudzidzisi namano. Hardware zvinogadzirisa kushandiswa mukati trunking kwezvivako, zvinowanzova anodhura. Asi Implementation yavo optimized yeGmail.END_STRONG kambani anogona kuponesa dzinokwanisa - achinyanya motokari.

Munyika akaita vazhinji trunking kutaurirana mitemo. MuRussia uye Europe, zvikuru nevanhu Michina kunoratidzwa "TETRA" iri US - APCO. Paaiva muRussia neumwe dhigirii nezvebasa zvinobatanidzwa kupfuura zvenyika zvinodiwa trunking.

Tarisiro nokuti yakakodzera mhando maererano muna Russian Federation zvikurukuru hunotsamira worudzii zvigadzirwa vachagamuchirwa se kutungamirira - dzinenge munyika dzakawanda. Pane chikonzero kuti huru mureza vachava vachiri "TETRA" - sendarama akakodzera Russia kwakavakirwa dzakananga kuvandudzika foni pamusika munyika.

Other zvinokosha zvimiso pakukura zvakadai michina nzvimbo sezvo trunking kukurukurirana zviri Russian Federation - kukwidza padanho ruzivo uye kugona Kutarisira madhipatimendi, inova vanozvishandisa chaiwo uye zvinogona kuMudzidzisi sarudzo. Nepo zvakwakanakira vazhinji hurongwa nesimba pasi kufunga kwesayenzi pfungwa - kwete pachena. Asi, chokwadi, tine trunking zvinogadzirisa ari Russian Federation - ine yayo nevatengi, uye vari kare kwazvo kushingaira kushandiswa. In Russia vakatanga mirayiro Dare kushandiswa zvakakodzera Michina kuchengeteka mabasa. Saka, pachiyero murau pamutemo muna Russian Federation akasika zvinhu nokuda kukura trunking yokukurukurirana.

Ichokwadi, zvingava zvakakodzera kutanga uye vave vamwe mabasa zvemitemo, migumisiro icho achashanda yevagari bhora - asi panyaya mubereko kuti vemabhizimisi uye zvikuru masangano, mumwe anogona kutarisira kuMudzidzisi matanho pachiyero wedare simba zvivako.

Development of vaiona michina iri Russian Federation dzinogona kurondwa kusvikira kumararamire pakuwedzera kutsanangurwa chikumbiro, uyewo kuvandudzika pakati Hardware uye Software actuated kuitira kushanda trunking kwezvivako.