Kumboongororwa - chii? The chipingamupinyi, nekorari the reef

Dzinonzi oases mugungwa, uye pane munyika ino shoma vanogona kukwikwidzana navo pakunaka. Ivo - hope ndaviga wose anoda chamunyurududu Diving, uye zvakawanda - kumusha mamiriyoni hove ... Munyaya ino, isu tichati kukurukura chimwe chezvinhu zvinoshamisa zvakasikwa zvakasikwa - pamusoro kumboongororwa.

Meaning Definition

Kumboongororwa - chii? Tiine Dutch shoko "the reef" rinoshandurwa kuti "rumbabvu". Pakutanga, izwi iri raishandiswa jogirafi uye oceanographers unoratidza yakamanikana matombo nomunzvimbo dzine, ngozi nokuda kutumirwa. Nhasi kumboongororwa anonzi nekorari-algal zvikurukuru dzidzo iri pasi pasi pevhu. Vanogona kuva configurations dzakasiyana-siyana, vane zvakasiyana chinhu nzvimbo. Asi "zvokuvakisa" nokuti kumboongororwa anogona havashumiri chete korari.

marudzi kumboongororwa

Zvichienderana sezvakarayirwa chii hunhu ane kumboongororwa, vari rakakamurwa marudzi anoverengeka.

Somuenzaniso, imwe matombo the reef kuumbwa nokuda kuparadzwa matombo kumhenderekedzo kana pasi. Izvi dzinongoitika Fani inogona kuchengetwa nemhenderekedzo Canada. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo Scotland mvura inowanikwa kumboongororwa nokuda chubhu nehonye. Kunyange dzimwe nguva "Vavaki" chishamiso ichi zvakasikwa ndiyo oysters uye bryozoans. Dzimwe nguva unogona kuuya mhiri chipingamupinyi the reef mugungwa uswa. Dzimwe nguva hwaro hwayo zvisikwa zviri sechipanji. the reef ichi, ukuwo, akadana chipanje, uye kana "dzingaidza" pamusoro cyanobacteria, paumbwe inonzi stromatolites. Uye pakupedzisira, kunonzi chakagadzirwa kumboongororwa, inova mugumisiro basa kwevanhu.

Asi zvose izvi zvakavapo zvakasikwa zviri apo neapo. The Ruzhinji yepasi wacho kumboongororwa - chibereko Coral upenyu.

Coral kumboongororwa - chii?

Underwater kana zvishoma iri pemvura reraimu inotungamirwa, iyo simbi mashoko nyuchi polyps uye akasarudzwa algae marudzi anonzi kumboongororwa.

Polyps vari boka zvomumvura invertebrates. Vanorarama isina kudzika noushamwari mumvura dzinopisa. Kana nyuchi kuti nekorari polyps vanofa, achiri yakawanda marangwanda. Uye kubva kumusoro rigadzirise zvizvarwa wemufi, iyo pakupedzisira vazadze "tsama" mapfupa ake. Nezvimwewo, vaGiriyedhi infinitum. Zvakaratidza kuti Coral the reef - hazvina kufanana kuramba guru, zvinosanganisira vazhinji mhenyu uye akafa polyps.

Zvisinei, kwete nekorari ose akakodzera sezvo kuvaka zvinhu nokuti the reef, uye chete anokwanisa kupinza karusiyamu carbonate kubva mvura yomugungwa. Kuti karusiyamu ndiye anokonzera paumbwe marangwanda. Uye chechipiri, akavapindurawo, ipapo inova hwaro nekorari idzodzo.

Masayendisiti anoti nekuda kwaniso yekubata karusiyamu riri basa unicellular algae aivapo muviri polyp. Kana chinhu ichi vasipo, kuti nekorari havazokwanisi kuitawo pakusikwa the reef.

Korari vanogona zvakasiyana-siyana chinoshamisira zvitarisiko, kufanana configuration kuumbwa navo. Kana ukuru Hofori chaiwo vachikura pamusoro mamiriyoni emakore. Uye dzimwe nguva saka oma "resi" vanonyepera pasi pegungwa kumboongororwa, izvo zvakaoma kufungidzira. It chete anofanira kuona nemaziso ake.

Apo "kugarwa" ari nekorari kumboongororwa

Photos zvinogona kuonekwa nyaya yedu. Mumwe zvinoitwa nekorari kumboongororwa ndiyo thermophilic yavo. Ivo - kuputsika mamiriro, mvura inotonhora dzakakwirira kana yakaderera salinity, uyewo yokushomeka chezuva kupa kuparadzwa kwavo nokukurumidza. Naizvozvo, mukuru vakatozodzokera yokugara vakasarudza inodziya uye vakasununguka gungwa Southeast Asia, izvo vakaunganidza vanenge 45% yenyika "muunganidzwa". 18% kuti kumboongororwa "kurarama" muna Pacific, 17% - iri Indian, 14% - muAtlantic, uye 6% - muGungwa Dzvuku.

Asi pane kusaina. Academic anozivikanwa nyuchi kumboongororwa vanorarama mumvura inotonhora. Vakapararira munyika uye vanovanda mumvura yakadzika (pamusoro kiromita). Uyu mumwe wavo runoratidza, nokuti kumboongororwa havasi kuita "Muchando swimming", kazhinji kusarudza shallows kurarama. The zvachose nzvimbo matura izvi zvinoshamisa zvomumvura zvivako zviri puraneti anenge mamiriyoni 27 mativi makiromita.

Vagari Coral Castle

Desert oases ose zvomumvura Coral kumboongororwa vanonzi kwete, asi nokuti vakapfuma mumatanda hove kuti vanogara "akanaka Castle". Ivo kuswedera pano Chokwadi, kwete kunaka hunhu, uye zvinonaka chikafu dziri polyps. Saka, imba ichiri nehove uye chisvusvuro.

In nerimwe the reef pane mazana mhando hove. Avanotarisira kuva diki uye wakajeka zvikuru. Red, uturu yero, mutema, nezvishava, dema ... Kugara melteshenie "nemwenje" izvi vakapoteredza the reef muviri pave usingarondedzereki mufananidzo.

Chaizvo uye pachikero. Zviuru 20 nehove mhou pamusoro chetatu nyika anogara nekorari kumboongororwa. Kuwedzera hove, rine akawandisa nehonye, molluscs, sechipanji, crustaceans uye algae.

Mhando nekorari kumboongororwa

Zvichienderana nzvimbo kusiyanisa marudzi akawanda inokosha nekorari kumboongororwa:

• Coastal (kana fringing) kumboongororwa kufukidza chitsuwa mhete uye dziri mune mumvura isina kudzika. Dzinomirira rakamanikana chinjiri unotanga uye inoguma pamahombekombe nechokure, mumvura.
• mupingo kumboongororwa zvikuru kure nemhenderekedzo uye vakaparadzaniswa nayo yakadzika mwoyo.
• Underwater the reef chakavanzika chose pasi pemvura. Hapana uchastochek ake kwete pamusoro pegungwa. configurations yakadaro inonzi pazvitsuwa zvacho.

Kudeuka chipingamupinyi the reef munyika

Kupfuura nomukurumbira uye guru chipingamupinyi the reef munyika iri kuonekwa wokuAustralia. Riri mune kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva chikamu nharaunda yakapoteredza kondinendi ichi, uye rinopfuurira ichitevedza Queensland, kufukidza vanenge 435 akaenzana makiromita. On nzvimbo dzakadaro hachingagari zvikepe kunyika dzose munyika, uye kunyange aizoramba nzvimbo imwe nyika duku.

Izvi yakakura conglomeration mavara korari akatanga kuumba mumwe makore mamiriyoni 18 apfuura, uye chakadaro refu nguva kukura kune zvisina kumboitika kukura kuti kuorora kunyange kuona zvakawanda Diving iyi. The Great Chipingamupinyi Dzedu Dziri rinoumbwa zhinji makuru nemadiki, muchimiro zvitsuwa nemamwe. Inogona kuonekwa kunyange kubva muchadenga!

Coral pfuma Gungwa Dzvuku

Kwete mufambi ose angarega kuenda kuyemura Dzedu Dziri Munyika Australia. Asi pane nzira huru - Egypt. Red Sea kusingatauriki upfumi uye anoshamisa nokuti mamiriyoni evashanyi vanokwezvwa rimwe gore.

Coral kumboongororwa muIjipiti vanoonekwa ne kusiyana kwavo uye nemashiripiti blue uye mavara ebhuruu. Uyewo, ivo magineti kuti zvomugungwa. Vakanyura makadzika, unogona kuona akanaka kwete chete nekorari nhare asiwo kuwanda hove isingawanzowanikwi. Dolphins frolic ari shallows, uye nenyika iri sezvariri yakazara achizorora nenjiva. Naivowo, kufanana vashanyi pano kupindura "yokudanwa nekorari."

Munyaya ino, tiri siyana pakukura uye chimiro kumboongororwa kuti kumboongororwa kwakadaro uye chii wemashiripiti yavo. Zvinorondedzerwa mhando zvavo zvose. Kuyeva the reef, mapikicha izvo ratinoparidza, zvingadarowo munyaya ino. Kamwe zvakare isu anotiyeuchidza kuti Coral kwemarudzi ndivo rakajairika. Naizvozvo, kana voitakura pamusoro kumboongororwa, muna 90% nyaya inokonzerwa chete nekorari. Unogona kuona mapikicha, ichi chinhu zvinoshamisa zvechokwadi kuona. Nhasi, nekorari kumboongororwa vanoonekwa kuti anenge mumwe zvinoshamisa munyika.