Kutungamirirwa Sokurov Aleksandr Nikolaevich: Biography, upenyu pachake, Filmography

Sokurov Aleksandr Nikolaevich - Soviet uye Russian firimu mukuru, mutambi uye screenwriter, Kukudzwa Art Worker, vanhu Artist weRussia. Ane yakadzika, yakasimba uye kusimba chipo. basa rake penya akagamuchira kuzivikanwa munyika munyika zhinji, asi vari kumusha mafirimu vatenzi kazhinji haana pakarepo kusvika akainangisa. Complex, kazhinji kujeka, asi hapana zvishoma matarenda munhu. Nhasi, nyaya yedu pamusoro payo.

udiki

Biography filmmaker anotanga Countdown ake kuna June 1951. The mukomana akazvarwa Irkutsk mudunhu. Baba Alexander Nikolayevich aiva muchiuto, uye mumwe murume akatumwa kuramba dzakasiyana dzenyika. Zvikamu izvi hwake vanoyeuka Alexander Sokurov. Mhuri anowanzosangana yakatama kubva panzvimbo nenzvimbo. Childhood Sasha muduku akapinda munzira - aifanira kuramba kuchinja zvikoro, vachisiya shamwari, kusangana itsva vanhu. Life akaikanda kuno rumwe rutivi. Kuchikoro Alexander akaenda kuPoland, asi vanopedza dzidzo atova Turkmenistan.

Nenzira, guta, iro nzvimbo yechizvarirwo Alexander Sokurov - Village Podorvikha - muna 1956 zvakanzi nemafashamo pakutanga ari Irkutsk Hydroelectric yemapurisa.

Pashure chikoro, Aleksandr Nikolaevich Sokurov vakapinda nhoroondo mano Gorky State University. Nechekare munguva zvidzidzo ake jaya vakaratidza incredible kushingaira uye kufarira zvose chokuita TV, kuedza kwavo munharaunda iyi. Iye yakabereka paTV dzakawanda mafirimu, aishanda ari kugadzirira zvirongwa, kuenda kurarama panguva Gorky terevhizheni. Muna 1974, Alexander kudzidza dzidzo yokuyunivhesiti uye vakawana chitupa wenhau.

Cinematography Institute

Kwapera gore, Aleksandr Nikolaevich Sokurov akapinda VGIK ari vanotungamira dhipatimendi. The ramangwana Guru kufirimu yarova Studio AM Zguridi, apo vadzidzi vanodzidziswa vhidhiyo vanotungamira, anokanda unyanzvi dzakakurumbira mafirimu. Sokurov kudzidza akanga nyore, iye mukusanzwisisa rokusika muitiro. For abudirire kudzidza jaya yaakawana bhezari ainzi Eisenstein. Zvisinei, havasi vose akatedza uye hwakanaka. Relations pakati Sokurov uye vamiririri kwokubatsira Institute, uyewo misoro State mabhaisikopo anorodzerwa ose zuva. Alexander Nikolayevich kunzi Anti-Soviet, akapomerwa zvetsika, mabasa ake mudzidzi hadzina kuzivikanwa uye havana kugamuchirwa. Nokuda dzose yokurwisana Sokurov aiva nyore uye zvakanyatsorurama sezvo mangwanani sezvinobvira kupedza dzidzo, unopfuura bvunzo mberi zvose, chaizvoizvo, akaita muna 1979.

Sezvineiwo, mufananidzo wacho ruzivo mukuru wokutanga - "Lonely Voice woMunhu," yakavakirwa pana Andrei Platonov, - iyo yakaratidza sezvo basa yatenzi isina dzinonzi kuna Institute komiti. submissions All anofanira kunge akaparadza, asi mufananidzo chishamiso rakapona - Sokurov neshamwari chete akaba kubva arşive. Papera vanodzungunyika anozivikanwa nomukurumbira mibayiro panguva firimu nemitambo dzakawanda.

Matanho rokusika rokutanga

Vachiri mudzidzi Director Sokurov akasangana screenwriter Yuriem Arabovym, uyo akava collaborator yake basa uye upenyu naye. Mumwe munhu muupenyu Sokurov, uyo vaikoshesa vake Kumutungamiriri wokutanga basa kwaizotevera zvinyorwa, wakayambirwa naMwari Tarkovsky.

Pakanzi yake yokutanga firimu Alexander akatora pamusoro firimu Studio "Lenfilm", yakauya pamusoro dzinoenda kuna Andreya Tarkovskogo muna 1980. In dzakafanana, mutungamiriri aishanda ari muvhidhiyo firimu - Iye collaborated Leningrad Documentary Film Studio. Kazhinji Sokurov aida "Mosfilm", uye pasi mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, anoda kushanda ikoko. Zvisinei, nekubata mamiriro enyika Moscow firimu Studio Director hazvirevi kukunakira.

Ndinofanira kutaura kuti debut mufananidzo Sokurov kufadza nezviremera, uye vakanga vakatondeswa kwenguva yakareba nguva nhema pasherefu - firimu haina kusunungurwa Rental. Sokurov aiziva kuti enyika akaipa vepamusoro, akaziva kuti akanga ava kuda chisimba, asi haana kusiya nyika, kunyange kuita zvaiva. "Ndinogara ndichiyeuka kuti ndiri Russian," - akati Alexander Sokurov. Morning - ndeye imwe rudzi, nyika, mutauro, tsika uye kutenda wamadzibaba avo. Nokuti gamba nyaya Motherland yedu - Russia.

Filmography

Mafirimu kuti zvinotora Sokurov, tsamwa, vanovanda pachivande zvinoreva, izvo zvinogona kazhinji kuverengwa pakati pemitsara, uye kwete yokutanga nguva. Vanomanikidzwa kufunga akanyatsomutarira uye dzichimhanya uye toona dzimwe nguva haadi kuona. Yakatora dzimwe nguva muchimiro vhidhiyo firimu, dzimwe nguva muchimiro nemifananidzo, nguva dzose vanotsvaga chinhu kudzidzisa munhu hanya. Haisi kunakidza firimu kuti vanozorora couple uye pasoda - "Kukurukura Solzhenitsyn", "Verenga Blockade Book", "Baba neMwanakomana", "Amai Mwanakomana" dziri kuda kuti kufungisisa zvakakomba zvinhu.

Alexander Sokurov - mukuru, shure iyo inoti gumi mafirimu, anopfuura matatu anonzi, ruzha, kushanda screenwriter. Mukuwedzera, muna Kitty Maestro vachiita ruzivo. Muna 1980, Alexander starred ari firimu "Unofanira kurarama," Vladimir Chumak. muenzaniso uyu nyaya nemauto, anosikwa inobva yokufungidzira Smolyanitsky, vakabatana pasi bapiro rayo rose Inflorescence kupfuura matarenda Artists pakati mabhaisikopu Soviet, kusanganisira Irina Muraviev, Igor Kvasha, Eugene madzinde Marina Dyuzheva nevamwe.

nyungudika

Mukupera 1980s, muna rokusika kukura Director Aleksandra Sokurova kwave rakatenderera itsva.

Mifananidzo yakadhirowewa ake, ayo pakutanga vairambidzwa kuratidza, takazosvika kubaya vateereri. Uye havasi chete kugona kuona munhuwo zvake ari mumugwagwa, asi aikoshesawo nhengo vatongi panguva dzakasiyana-siyana firimu yemitambo, kusanganisira dzakawanda vaya. Akatungamirira nesimba akasimbisa kuti Motherland ake - Russia uye Alexander Sokurov, vane nyika - Russian, nguva dzose yeuka izvi. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti chaipiwa pamutambo kuonga kuti akakodzera chaizvo mifananidzo Sokurov akatungamirira Kumusha.

Mukati gumi, kutanga muna 1980, Alexander rakawanda basa rinobereka. Kazhinji rimwe gore akakwanisa kupa upenyu mumafirimu akawanda. Parallel kupfura Director Sokurov akadzidzisa beginners vamwe vedu pa "Lenfilm" kwaiva kutungamirira terevhizheni. Filmmaker akasunungura dzakatevedzana zvirongwa anonzi "Sokurov Island," umo iye, pamwe chete vateereri yaitsvaga mhinduro dzakawanda kudzvanya nyaya; vachikurukurirana vateereri pamusoro nzvimbo mabhaisikopo ari ano upenyu hwevanhu.

Uyezve, Alexander Sokurov akatungamirira zvirongwa anoyamura paredhiyo vechiduku.

Chii anoudza "Francophonie"

Mumwe mufananidzo, iyo zvaibatanidzwa Sokurov zvakananga - firimu "Francophonie" - zvikuru matsva tepi, yakabudiswa muna 2015. Basa akave nokugamuchira kuzivikanwa panguva Venice Film Festival uye zvakakomba akamutsa vanhu.

Chii anoudza "Francophonie"? Sokurov akaita firimu pamusoro Paris, iyo yakanga ine nevaNazi muna 1940. It chokuita kuti wokuFrance - mutungamiriri Louvre - uye German, akatumwa atungamirire miziyamu, akaita zvaaitarisirwa vavo havana kumirira - vakaramba kubva pakuparadzwa muunganidzwa mukuru Louvre. "Francophonie" - firimu kuti anozhambatata kudiwa kuzoponesa European tsika. Uye storyline haina wekuvamba, kwete rakafuridzirwa chaihwoihwo pfungwa. Mumufananidzo, akatora tenzi firimu, unoratidza maonero Aleksandra Sokurova pamusoro kuitika munyika - pamusoro kurwisana pakati vaMuslim uye nyika dzechiKristu, pamusoro pedyo kwe munhu anobatsira vanhu nenjodzi, izvo zvinogona kudziviswa. Tenzi akati kuti chinonyanya kukosha ikozvino - kurinzwisisa uye kuti nokukurumidza kuita chinhu.

Alexander haana kuzeza kuratidza chinzvimbo chayo uye maitiro ayo zvose zvichiitika munyika nhasi. Iye vachifunga kuti kunyatsogona chiKristu uye tsika kuti vari saka zvakaoma kuumbwa kwemazana emakore, nhasi vari akatyisidzirwa kutsakatika. Under yakakuwandira of tsika vechimoziremu - vanhu vorumwe yokuchengetera zvinhu, ZVAKASIYANA upenyu uye nhungamiro zvavo - tsika the Old World aigona zvachose, kunyura mugomba rakadzikadzika chinhu. Uye hauzivi pokutangira. Zvinofambidzana mamiriro ezvinhu uye unoratidza mufananidzo "Francophonie".

Sokurov rinosimbisa kuti noruremekedzo zvikuru vanhu vaMuslim, asi achitenda kuti "isu" nyore zvinokosha kuti tirambe kure nomumwe.

Mibayiro uye mibayiro

Aleksandr Nikolaevich Sokurov - kujairika munhu. Zvakaoma kutaura zvinhu zvakavanzika kubudirira kwake. Anoziva uye anoda basa, izvo zvinobatanidzwa. Sokurov anoshanda dzose, musoro uye zvakarurama. Mumashoko ake, mumafambisirwe nemashoko, nyore kushanda. maitiro ake akajeka, hazvina hwakazara chero dzenzvimbo zvakavanzika uye kumboongororwa. Maererano okugadzira zvinhu, Chokwadi, zvose zvakasiyana.

Kunyange zvakadaro, mutungamiriri Sokurov yake njanji chinyorwa ane mibayiro yakawanda kudaro, insignia uye mavanga, kuti pakutanga zvinoita incredible. mabasa tenzi wacho vakaramba vave nominated kuti mibayiro pamitambo dzakawanda: mubayiro "Golden Bear" pana Berlin Film Festival; Award "Nika" nokuti firimu "Lonely Voice of Man"; Mubayiro of Moscow Film Festival Tarkovsky; Award vanopikisa Russia uye rinokosha vatongi mubayiro nokuda firimu "Mother uye noMwanakomana". To mikombe ake aigona kunzi mubayiro nokuda yakajeka mhinduro iri firimu "Russian Areka" panguva Toronto Film Festival; mubayiro unokosha muSão Paulo kuti hombe mupiro sinema; Argentine Film Vatsoropodzi Association Award kuti firimu "Russian Areka"; mubayiro "Nokuti mutauro ounyanzvi, izvo chakabata nyika cinema."

State Prize kweRussia

Kuwedzera zvezvinangwa izvi, pane kuziva Sokurov somunhu filmmaker uye munhu. Muna 1995, Alexander ainzi mumwe zana yakanakisisa vatungamiriri nyika sinema; 1997 - Kukudzwa Artist weRussia.

Muna 2004, Sokurov akanga paakavapa ari honorary wenyaya vanhu Artist weRussia. Ane rokufananidzira mubayiro - sezvakarayirwa Sunrise Sun mupurisa muchinjikwa ari Revashumiri Arts uye Letters. Ataurazve Sokurov akanga vasiyana Russian State Prize. Muna 2014 akanga paakavapa State Prize yeRussian Federation mumunda mabhuku uye nounyanzvi.

Kazhinji, Maestro akatsvinda private munhu - kwete kuita mwoyo yehurukuro mwoyo pamwe venhau Aleksandr Sokurov. Personal upenyu firimu vanatenzi - nyaya akavharwa. Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nguva wekambani angagovana zvimwe nezveupenyu hwake rokusika.

Mune imwe kukurukura Alexander akataura pamusoro awarding of State Prize nzira. Zvakaratidza kuti izvi zviri refu uye ine nzendo dzakawanda. The pamazita musarudzo pakutanga vakabvumirana muna Council for Culture uye Arts pasi President. List pokukurukurirana, mumwe vhoti wei, uye somugumisiro vaida dzasara dziri kubvumirwa neMutungamiriri weNyika. Kuti chisarudzo inopa, uye mushure menguva vose vaida kuwana iri awarding nzira. Chiitiko rakarongwa mutambo womuchato kutora chikamu Musoro State, vatori vari pre-edzesero yacho mhemberero. Mumashoko Alexander II, kuti ndiitewo chiitiko hakusi nyore - zvinonakidza chaizvo uye zvinotora yakawanda simba.

Kutaura zvirongwa ramangwana, mutungamiriri Sokurov anoziva kuti kubudirira "La Francophonie" haasi iye anokurudzirwa kumhara pamusoro laurels ake. Maestro izere pfungwa okusika, asi ane asi kuratidza mashoko muzvirongwa zvavo - vachitya jinx nayo.