Makondinendi vepasi. Mazita makondinendi

makondinendi vepasi - guru maturakiti munyika pamusoro iyo vanhu vararame, kuva kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. Vane zvakafanana chivako kubva Geological nemaonero, asi zvimwe tichaona vakasiyana mumwe. Zviri nemhaka umboo dzenyika, pasi redu, uye ndakawana kwayo zita - Nyika.

kupatsanura

Nechivimbo tinogona kutaura kuti makondinendi Pasi - ndiwo mahombekombe panopinda zvose zvipenyu zvose (kunze hove uye mhuka zvomumvura). Ivo maturakiti akakura munyika wakakomberedzwa mvura munyanza. Rinogona kuva gulfs, makungwa, uye nyanza pachavo. On munharaunda Continental mvura ane zvakasiyana mhando, izvo zvinogutswa nezvinhu mvura yakachena. Rivers, munyanza, anezvimiti nevamwe. All makondinendi kwakaitwa nyika vane akasiyana ezvinhu, dzinongoitika features, kusanganisira miti nemhuka zvakazonaka uye kasvisto, uyewo vagari, vanoumba kubatana uye munhu akazvimiririra nechimwe venyika. Pakati makondinendi nhasi pane zvitanhatu: Eurasia, Africa, North America, South America, Australia uye Antarctica. Eurasia rakakamurwa Europe uye Asia - mbiri dzenyika.

Origin uye History

Shoko "kondinendi" rinobva muchiLatin continere, izvo zvinoreva kuti "kuramba pamwe chete." Kwakadaro chinoshamisa zita nyika, akaparadzaniswa nemazana emakiromita, akasarudzwa pamusoro chinangwa. Vanodzidza vakawana kuti mu prehistoric nguva (izvo zvinogona kugara kwemabhiriyoni emakore, mumwe pashure perimwe) rakabatanidzwa zvose kunyika Earth. Pakanga pasina kupesana mukati makondinendi, mvura akageza pamusoro chikamu chikuru chenyika. makondinendi yokutanga Dzenyika akaumbwa somugumisiro Ngwavaira pose, izvo vanhu asina kuwanikwa hwake. Uyewo masayendisiti munyika vari kakawanda nharo kuti nzvimbo makondinendi vekare akanga akasiyana nhasi muMiddle Ages. Rinobatanidzwa ne makadhi kuti vangave chakaiswa vafambi nguva. Zvisinei, chokwadi ichi asina zvakakodzera ongororo, sezvazvakanyorwa vaidavira kuti vanhu vaigona kuva kururama nokuti vakanga vasina mukana kuona nemamiriro nyika kubva muchadenga.

America uye mamiriro ayo

North neSouth America oga sezvo mumakondinendi maviri akasiyana. Pachavo sezvo vagari nedunhu zvinobatana vave mumwe. Zvichida ichi ndicho nokuti kuti munzvimbo huru munyika izvo riri kuWestern Hemisphere, pazvakawanikwa uye vaidzvinyirirwa vokuEurope panguva imwe chete. Naizvozvo, America - yacho yetsika, siyana uye zvinonakidza chaizvo. Nechokumadokero yepasi richiwanika sezvo kuchitonhora chaizvo ekunze uye inopisa kwazvo. Kuchamhembe Canada vane mazitombo echando husingaperi, uye muColombia uye Brazil, hapana mboona chando. Vanenge vose America - ndiwo mahombekombe panopinda revashanyi uye iyi okufambisa. Kune yakawanda nzvimbo dzinonakidza, varaidzo uye zvakawanda.

More chokuita kumavirira redu

North America chinomirirwa nyika mbiri: Canada neUnited States of America. Ose dzinoratidzwa Continental ezvinhu, ndiwo chete zasi anoenda subtropical. Vazhinji kondinendi akafuka greenery kuchamhembe coniferous reserves, kumaodzanyemba varipo Deciduous miti uye nezvanza. nyika idzi vave akashanyira nevanhu vose se vashanyi uye zvechigarire dzokugara. Kune vazhinji mataundi akanaka uye dzinongoitika nhaka.

South America zvikuru mavara ari nhaka yavo netsika uye kune voruzhinji. Ruzhinji munyika - Hispanic, vashoma Portuguese, Creole, French uye Chirungu. The kondinendi iri nhengo vemadzinza Latin America, uko kunosanganisirawo nechepakati chikamu yakaoma States. Vose America okumavirira neDare Atlantic Ocean kumabvazuva, nePacific Ocean kusvika kumavirira uye muCaribbean Sea, iri pedyo neequator.

A chakavanzika redu - Antarctica

Wechitanhatu venyika yakavhurwa 1820, pashure hypotheses zhinji vakatanga achitaura pamusoro ivepo. Kubvira ipapo, uye kusvikira nhasi, idzi ndidzo pasingagarwi. Hapana maguta uye nenyika, hakuna kunyange nzizi uye miti, sezvo kondinendi yose akafuka gobvu paiva chando zvachose. Nokuda muaizi Antarctica - chepamusorosoro kondinendi Nyika, ane kureba iri 2000 metres pamusoro pegungwa. Zvisinei, nezviyero izvi kwakaitwa maonero mazitombo echando, asi kutaura zvazviri munyika nhema pasi pavo, riri pazasi pegungwa. Nokuda kuti nzvimbo idzi kare dongo, masayendisiti ari kuramba kuita kuedza zvavo pano. In Antarctica kuongorora yomunharaunda okunze, kwakaita nzvimbo yacho yokudzidza, uyewo kuvaka hypotheses itsva pamusoro nyika dziri dzisingambosvikiki pakadzika.

Australia - duku, asi udalenkaya

Kana iwe funga makondinendi paNyika pamepu, hapana mubvunzo, ona Australia, riri pakati Indian uye Pacific nyanza, kusanganisira zvitsuwa uye yakaoma. Kuchamhembe ndiye Eurasia, kumaodzanyemba - Antarctica. Australia pacharo, uyewo zviwi, ayo vakapoteredzwa nacho, vakabatana Australian Union uye munhu chaizvo uye mberi mamiriro. Zvino munzvimbo idzi vararame sezvo vana veko Aboriginal vanhu, uye vatama kubva kuNorthern Europe. In Australia, munhu wose ari kutaura Chirungu, inozivikanwa nevanhu tsika kuEurope uye tsika. The dzemo yezvakaita Nzvimbo uye nguva befu. Nokuda kuti pano kwenguva refu, makomo anoputika kuputika, pane mamwe muminda murenje, canyons uye makomo.

Europe uye Asia - pakati nyika

nzvimbo dzenyika pakukura nyika Eurasia. Vazhinji kondinendi guru ichi inogarwa Russia, kurutivi rwezasi, kumavirira uye kumabvazuva nayo vamwe anoti. Part of chiedza iri pakati munyanza mana Pacific, yeAtlantic, Indian uye kweArctic. Pano kurarama dzakawanda dzakasiyana marudzi, caucasian, Mongoloid, uye zvimwe oukuru. Climate uye zvakasikwa zviri zvakare siyana. In Eurasia, pane plesieroorde zhinji, maguta, mamiziyamu, kutandara nzvimbo uye varaidzo kuti manakiro zvose. nyika dzose akakodzerwa vainyatsotarisirwa uye kunoratidzwa warwo kare, tsika uye dzose.