Manzwi nyoro emakonzonendi tsamba. Tsamba zvinoratidza zvinyoronyoro emakonzonendi

Tiri vanhu, kunyanya chizvarwa mutauri, vanofanira kuva zvakarurama kwete chete, asiwo akanaka, manzwiro, kuratidza. Kune inokosha uye inzwi, uye diction, uye vakwegura kutaura kwose kwose.

Kugona zvakarurama kureva ruzha rinoumbwa okudhindira (kurovedza inzwi: Inzwi, inzwi, mukana wokushandiswa, diction, etc ...), Uye kuziva, chero zvazvingava zvakakodzera kana kuti maCD mataurirwo (madudzirwo chaiwo).

Tisati tataura pamusoro tsamba zvinomiririra nyoro nzvanyira phonemes, tinofanira kuyeuka kuti zvinokosha phonetic pfungwa uye mazwi.

Phonetics: ruzha uye tsamba

Ngatitange nepfungwa yokuti zvinyoronyoro emakonzonendi mumashoko mutauro wokuRussia hatisi. Sezvo kurira - ndizvo zvatinofanira kunzwa uye kureva, zviri saonekwa, chinhu indivisible chikamu rwokutaura, mugumisiro nekunyatsotsanangura kwevanhu. A tsamba - ndiko chete chiratidzo graphical chimwe inzwi. Tinoona kwavari nyora.

Full abvume pane pakati pavo. Mushoko rimwe havagoni kuva zvakafanana nhamba tsamba uye ruzha. arufabheti Russian rine mabhii makumi matatu, uye matauriro ruzha mana navanomwe.

Rakarurama zvokurekodhwa machemero shoko kuburikidza netsamba - transcription. The nemabhii iyi yakanyorwa mumabhuraketi. Kana phonetic Kuongororwa mumwe kurira inyorwe tsamba chete kuisa mupfungwa uye kureva akapfava, kana zvakafanira [ '] Somuenzaniso, mukaka - [malako] mol - [nhuta'] - iyi kana tsamba L ane apositurofi inoratidza nyoro inzwi [L '].

Phonetics: mavhawero uye emakonzonendi

Kana mhepo kuyerera chaibwinya kubva huro, pasina kusangana nezvipingamupinyi munzira kwayo, zvinoitika kuti nzvanyira ruzha (kuimba). Ndivo vatanhatu Russian. Vari akasimbisa uye unstressed.

Kana mhepo, vachisiya huro rinopfuura haasi kusununguka, zvinoitika nzvanyira. Vari aumba kubva ruzha kana mheremhere nemanzwi. Emakonzonendi mumutauro wedu Russian matatu nemanomwe.

The pamwero wenyika ruzha uye nenzwi vocals dzidzo yavo, nemavara akakamurwa:

• sonorous (izwi vakasimba zvikuru ruzha);
• ruzha - vataura uye unvoiced.

Uyewo, mataurirwo ari emakonzonendi dziri nyoro (Tsamba dzinomirira, zvakanyorwa ane apositurofi), uye inzwi rakasimba. Avo akasiyana emashoko - achitaura nyoro nzvanyira, munhu anosimudza kumashure rurimi avhareji kumusoro kudenga.

Graphics: Tsamba

Saka, tsamba - a notation pamusoro tsamba kurira. The sainzi kuti kudzidza navo - purogiramu. Alphabet - mutauro Graphics rinonzwika rakapfeka imwe kuti. tsamba gumi nearufabheti wokuRussia - ndiyo mavhawero kuti zvinomiririra mavhawero. Asi zvinosanganisira maviri nomumwe nzvanyira vaviri tsamba vanomiririra rinonzwika kwete zvachose. tsamba neimwe earufabheti basa rakasiyana nemamwe zita. The arufabheti ano akasikwa 1918 uye unotendwa muna 1942. Zvino izvi akajeka zviratidzo zvinoshandiswa mumitauro inopfuura mashanu akasiyana.

Alphanumeric kurira sezvamunoita

Muchikamu Russian mutauro mukukurukurirana nemavara akasiyana specificity tsamba - tsamba nyoro uye zvakaoma emakonzonendi akafanana - vakadya [y'el] yemisipiresi [y'el ']; uye matanhatu mavhawero akasarudzwa zvakanyorwa netsamba gumi. Saka zvinoitika kuti ruzha mukutaura yakawanda gumi pane mabhii ari arufabheti.

dzakaoma emakonzonendi

Emakonzonendi kuti maviri: sonorous - matsi, nyoro - zvakaoma. Asi kune vaya nguva dzose ndiani icharira zvakasimba - pane, m, n. Kunyange mashoko parachuti, bhurocha uye cognate W kuramba zvakasimba. Mune mamwe mashoko vatorwa, vari kutaurwa zvakasiyana.

zvinyoronyoro emakonzonendi

Panewo nevatatu mazwi kuti vanogara nyoro nemavara, rinoratidza kwavari - H, w, h. mitemo Ava havana anosiyiwa mumutauro weRussia.

aiwanzopiwa wokushanda emakonzonendi

Emakonzonendi kunyanya vari aiwanzopiwa wokushanda, kureva, inzwi rimwe unoenderana yakasimba pamusoro manyoro yake zvinotaura. Tsamba zvinoratidza zvinyoronyoro emakonzonendi akafanana. Munguva transcription nayo rakawedzerwa chiratidzo [ '].

How kuona apo vachava zvinyoronyoro emakonzonendi? The tsamba vari akaumba kwete chete namashoko, ivo vokutanga kuumba mabhii. The softness kana neukukutu rurimi rwenyika nzvanyira inoenderana nokuti kurira anouya pashure naye mabhii.

mabhii

Mabhii - kurira kana ruzha akawanda kuti ichiitwa chete mweya, mumwe mhepo vaise.

Mavhawero - syllabic ruzha, nemavara vari pedyo navo - kuwana mabhii: mo,-tarira-ko, le-ta-Yu-conductive-I ry sq. Kuwanda mabhii neshoko inhamba mavhawero mairi.

Open mabhii inopera mavhawero: pamufananidzo - achimutsa yeWatchtower-mberi, chepamutemo - rworudyi-of-fung -dimensional.

Kana panopera ane mabhii vanofanira kubvumirana - iri namahwindo mabhii: motokari-ru, chepamutemo - guru-rakennus-nokusanzwisisana matanho.

Pakati shoko kakawanda akazaruka mabhii uye emakonzonendi yakabatana kwavari zvaitambidzwa chinotevera mabhii ari ddat, von Ktorov. The ruzha zvinogona kufukidza pakati mabhii mashoko - achirira, unpaired, zvakaoma uye akapfava nemavara. Letters nokuti kunyora kwavo - D, peji, L, m, n. Somuenzaniso: kisonka - Ki-Ka dormice.

Kusiyanisa weboka mashoko munzvimbo mabhii uye pagondobwe zvekufambisa, uyewo morphemes. syllabic ichi kana syllabic, mufanidzo musimboti. Zviri kushandiswawo munhu nzvanyira.

Hard uye akapfava emakonzonendi: tsamba (syllabic musimboti)

Kunoratidza pacharo chokuita emakonzonendi kuti rinotsanangura chairema kuverenga uye kunyora:

1. Sezvo zvaainazvo nzvanyira uye nzvanyira vaimutevera tsamba.
2. Kusanganisa uye munyoro nzvanyira chiratidzo.
3. Muzvikwata zvisina tsarukano emakonzonendi maviri kana nzvimbo pakupera shoko.

Saka, kunzwisisa, kuti munyoro kana zvakaoma inoreva kurira shoko kwatemwa, zvakakodzera kuti ateerere chii chinouya pashure payo mabhii.

Kana kuti chero kufarira kwatiri anoda, asi rinorondedzerwa inzwi - zvakaoma. Somuenzaniso: segwenhure - segwenhure, kuti - rakasimba.

Kana rinotevera - a nzvanyira, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti pamberi, o, y, e s muri dzakaoma nemavara. Somuenzaniso: Amai vangu, nengetani, muzambiringa.

Uye, e, u, i, e - tsamba zvichiratidza nyoro nzvanyira. Somuenzaniso, imwe rwiyo - rwiyo, N, N - nyoro, aine - hwakasimba.

Kutaura zvakanaka uye kuti zvakarurama kuverenga nyoro nemavara uye ruzha, zvinokosha kutanga kwavo phonemic kunzwa - uye kunzwisisa musiyano pakati matauriro kurira. A kugona zvakanaka kunyatsobudirira kuona zvakajeka izvo zvinoita pashoko, kunyange kana ukanzwa zvichinzi kokutanga, kuchaita kuti zvirinani kuyeuka uye kunzwisisa kutaura nevamwe. Asi chikuru chinhu - kutaura zvakanaka uye zvakarurama.

Syllabic musimboti zviri nyore nokuti kunoita kuti kuderedza uwandu tsamba arufabheti. Pashure pezvose, kuratidza zvakaoma uye akapfava nzvanyira phonemes, zvingava zvakakodzera kuti wekuvamba, kusika, uye vanoshandisa kudzidza nemashanu matsva kwakajeka okunze. Ndiyo nhamba yose aiwanzopiwa wokushanda emakonzonendi zviri pamatauriro edu. In tsika, zvikazooneka zvikuru kuziva mavhawero kuratidza izvo tsamba nyoro nemavara.

Tsamba zvichiratidza nyoro nzvanyira

The softness inzwi runotaurwa ne [ '] chete kana kunyora transcription - kutinhira kuongorora mashoko.

Pane nzira mbiri kunan'anura zvinyoronyoro emakonzonendi kana kuverenga kana kunyora.

1. Kana nyoro nzvanyira inoguma shoko kana anomira pamberi mumwe nzvanyira, zvinonzi akasarudzwa "b". Somuenzaniso: Mumwe blizzard, mutariri, etc. Zvichikosha paainyora zvinyoronyoro nzvanyira akatsunga "s" chete kana amira pamberi chete-mudzi mashoko uye munyoro uye zvakaoma nzvanyira pamberi akasiyana zviitiko (Mufurakisi - Mufurakisi) ... Kazhinji kacho, kana vaviri zvinyoronyoro emakonzonendi vari rakatevera, pashure yokutanga "s" harina kushandiswa pakunyora.
2. Kana kuti munyoro nzvanyira nzvanyira ndechokuti, zvikaonekwa I tsamba, w, uye e, f. Somuenzaniso: Ndakanga akatakura, akagara, tulle, etc.

Kunyange syllabic musimboti nezvinetso E pamberi nzvanyira, vari zvakadzama kuti aende Orthoepy. Mamwe masayendisiti anodavira kuti chinhu chinodiwa kuti euphony chinhu kurambidza achinyora E pashure rakaoma nemavara, nekuti ichi chinoratidza kuti grapheme nyoro nemavara uye chinonditadzisa mataurirwo emashoko hwakasimba. Pane panyaya yekubvisa fung E iri-mumwe. Vasati kutarisira kuti vabatane chiperengo mabhii e - E muna 1956 kusvika vachishingaira uye pemurairo aiita kunyora peya mashoko (yakakwana - yakakwana kuti). Asi chikuru dambudziko kubatana haina akasarudza. Pavanotsiva E ne E pashure dzakaoma nemavara, pachena, handizvo yakanaka mhinduro, shoko idzva mumutauro wokuRussia oneka kakawanda, uye chero nyaya kunyora imwe tsamba riri debatable.

orthoepy

Ngatidzokerei kuti apo takatanga - matauriro edu - yakakonzera Orthoepy. Kune rumwe rutivi - kwakashanda mitemo emashoko, uye kuno rumwe - icho sayenzi kuti zvidzidzo, substantiates uye anogadza zvinodiwa izvi.

Orthoepy anoshanda Russian, erases miganhu pakati tumitauro, kuti vanhu yakanga nyore kunzwisisa mumwe. Kukurukurirana mumwe, vamiririri siyana kumatunhu kumbofunga pamusoro zvavanotaura uye kwete sei akaridza imwe shoko iri interlocutor.

Hwaro mutauro wokuRussia, uye naizvozvo, emashoko - Moscow mutauro. Zviri guru Russia akatanga kuva sainzi, kusanganisira orthoepy, saka dzemunharaunda akarayira anotiudza - kuti mitinhimira sezvo Muscovites.

Orthoepy anopa imwe nzira kwakarurama emashoko, vachiramba vamwe vose, asi panguva imwe chete dzimwe nguva kunoita zvokusarudza kuti inokurukurwa kuti ndezvechokwadi.

Pasinei Crisp, akajeka uye nyore mitemo, orthoepy rinoti dzinoverengeka features, nuances uye kunze sei akazivisa tsamba rinoratidza zvinyoronyoro nzvanyira uye rakasimba ...

Orthoepy: nyoro uye nesimba emakonzonendi

Chii tsamba dzakapfavirira emakonzonendi? Q, W, D - kutaura panzvimbo nyoro sezvine zvakaoma, chero zvazvingava hazviiti. Asi ushe yaputswa, akawira pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu mutauro Belarusian uye kunyange tumitauro Russian, kutsiurwa. Rangarirai kuti boka iri rinonzwika necheSalvic shoko zvakawanda, somuenzaniso.

L - iri nzvanyira peya, ukuwo, akamira zvakananga pamberi nzvanyira kana panopera shoko izvozvo zvaifanira kuridzwa zvakasimba. Usati, mumwe, y, e, s, zvakare (tende, pakona skier), asi mune mamwe mashoko vanouya kwatiri kazhinji mitauro yokumwe ane vakurukuri kurarama zvikurukuru muEurope, uye ndiro zita ravo, L anotaurwa zvinenge zvinyoronyoro (La Scala, La Roshel, La Fleur).

Nemavara, vakamira kwokupedzisira yakatarwa-pamusoro bhokisi kuti chiratidzo zvakaoma, kunyange zvino pane mabhii anoratidza zvinyoronyoro nzvanyira, akazivisa zvakasimba (yakapfigwa, AD). Asi kuti anobvumirana mutemo uyu uye S haana simba zvizere. Sounds uye z mune iyi inogona kutaurwa nenzira mbiri (mbudo - [c '] Vatasvi - [d] Vatasvi).

Mitemo orthoepy chinyatsotsanangurwa kuti hazvibviri kuderedza kwokupedzisira nzvanyira iri shoko, kunyange kana merges pamwe rinotevera neshoko kutanga E (iri nyaya, kuna neequator, pamwe emu). Kana kutaura zvinoitika vasanyanya akadaro nzvanyira, zvinonzi munhu anotaura kuburikidza yemo manyorerwo.

"L" rinorevawo kuti ndandanda "emakonzonendi nyoro" uye rinonzwika pamberi inofanira kutaurwa akanyatsosvika, kunyange machemero m, b, peji, b, add nemashoko akadai vanomwe, vasere, gomba, shipyard uye zvichingodaro. N. Taura nyoro rinonzwika zvakasimba pamberi "s" ndizvo zvazvinoreva. Chete nemashoko, zvisere namazana manomwe metres havagoni kuva munyoro, uye inzwi rakasimba.

Chii Tsamba kureva zvinyoronyoro nemavara, tinofanira kuyeuka zvakajeka - e, W, e, i, uye.

Saka, nemashoko vazhinji vatorwa pamberi nzvanyira iri, kwete akanyevenutsa. Izvi zvinowanzoitika pamwe labial m, peji, A, B, f N - Chopin mupanda .; b - Bernard Shou; mu - Solveig; F - Motokari; M - mukurumbira, consomme.

Kazhinji emakonzonendi izvi zvakasimba mazino emakonzonendi mutsindo, e S., N, s, s, D, t P - Reichswehr Lev .; N - Pince-rwokuparidza; s - chimupanze, Bizet; pamwe - mugwagwa, Musset; D - nokurasa Paaidzidzisa; T - the pantheon pamusoro aesthetics.

Nokudaro, nyoro nzvanyira tsamba vane kunyatsonanga chaizvo sezvamunoita, asi vari pasi vakawanda kunze.