Marudzi Bonsai. Kukura Bonsai kumba

Vamwe vanodavira kuti munhu Bonsai - zviri muti zvipfupi zvirimwa kuti dzabudapo mureza hari kworudzii. Vamwe vanodavira kuti Bonsai - zviri unyanzvi chimiro, kana nenzira uzivi Eastern, ndiro duku miti Japanese sezvo anotsigira. Kutaura zvazviri Bonsai - zviri zvechokwadi miti duku, izvo kopi yakarurama zvikuru hama dzavo yakareba. Get navo - wakati nokuenzanisa zvose imwe ounyanzvi mhando, uye kwemakore vakabudirira akaramba mumba make - chete kunzwisisa zvose subtleties nezvouzivi Eastern kwakavakirwa kufungisisa, kuyemurwa uye kufungisisa. Kare, yakasiyana Japanese muti akareba zvisingatomboiti kamuri ruva anogona chete kuonekwa pa kuratidzira. Bonsai ava kusimba dzakakurumbira uye dzakapararira munyika yose. VokuRussia Vakawanda akatanga kugona magadzirirwo ayo kurimwa. Zviri nyore chete panguva Pakutanga, asi kutakura yakawanda wezvakavanzika uye zvinhu.

kutanga

Kana ratemwa kuti duku muti muhari unofanira, mubvunzo unomuka, sei kundoitora. Kuti zviite basa racho, unogona kutenga wakagadzirira akagadzirwa Bonsai chitoro. Zvino nguva hwake ari mufurati achavaponesa zivo uye kuchengeta mitemo yokutarisira. Asi vateveri vakawanda netsika Eastern achaita kuda kukura pachavo zvekumwe plantlets zvavo kubva muvare. Kune mhando akasiyana Bonsai, zvichienderana zvirimwa kuti Achatendeutsa kuva pfupi mhando. A musarudzo anogona kuva chero muti mubindu kana kubva padyo dondo rabha. Bonsai iwe yava akavonga yakakurumbira kuJapan, asi akazvarwa China panguva Tang youmambo, kana mumwe wevatongi ayo aida kuumba vakasiyana shanduro yaro hwacho. Zvino vaikwira nemazano Chinese vekare kuti zvakafanana miti ndiwo chete, chete akaderedza zvakapetwa kagumi. Vakatumidza idzva nzira zvokurima "makare pamusoro tireyi" kana Bonsai. Saka, vachitevera vamwe nzira, ari pfupi anogona kuchinja chero chirimwa. Asi tsika, kubudirira kazhinji kunobva miti vakakwanisa kukurira zvakanyanyisa ezvinhu chokuvapo, kureva kuti kuva duku Vhoriyamu ivhu, regai kurwara kubva kuchinja yepanyama chiedza ezvinhu, kuchinja tembiricha gore negore uye kudiridza. Naizvozvo, pasinei siyana Bonsai yaunosarudza, zvakakosha kufungawo kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu oupenyu hwako dzinovavaraidza uye vanovavarira navo pedyo sezvaibvira.

Where kuti chakasimwa zvinhu

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, yakakodzera Bonsai zvakasiyana zvinomera akafanana Conifers uye Deciduous. Kana uchisarudza, zvakakodzera teererai kukosha mashizha chipasa. Somunhu mumaruva chirimwa ari maduku, zviri chinodiwa kuti lamina ayo kumumvuri hazvina guru. Zvikasadaro, duku hunde havangagoni mari kuvarinda. Mamiriro rechipiri - kuti mhando zvinomera, iyo pave siyana Bonsai, aiva majini katsika yokuumba korona gobvu. Zvaakanga kunotsanangurwa aikwikwidza, zvinokosha kufunga, ivhu iri kukura Bonsai umo ramangwana rako dzesango, aine nokupenya chero mwando. Zvose izvi vanofanira chaizvo recreate imba muhari. In tsika, kubudirira kubudirira miti, maranjisi, pamwe nemimirite, Maple, zvikwenzi, Ficus nevamwe vazhinji muchero.

Yamadori

Kune kwete chete rakasiyana-siyana Bonsai, asi siyana ruzivo waro kupararira, kana pane, kutanga kurima oparesheni. Yamadori ndiyo nyore rwokugadzira. nayo iri yokuti zvavo chaivo dzinogarisana ari kuyeva zvakanaka duku sembeu ichangotanga kumera. Vanoruchera kumativi mudenderedzwa, Midzi simba chaizvo (kana) vari truncated uye ndoga kwemwedzi mitatu. Uyezve, zviri abudisa kubva pasi uye woiswa bundu-vakasarudzwa ruva Hari (bonsaynik). pritenyayut chirimwa nokuti nokukurumidza kwadzakabva sprayed, vanonyepera rakafanana dzinongoitika tembiricha.

Toriki

Michina iyi iri Russian nzira zvenhando kuchekwa. Zvakakosha kusangana deadlines acho. Somuenzaniso, muRussia zviri zvinodiwa hardwoods kubva kupinzanisa chava kunopera, uye Conifers nekusiyana, pakutanga. The miti kuchekwa Vanoshandisa kukohwewa, inofanira pasi pemakore mashanu - gumi nemaviri. Kana iwe kungotevera mitemo rokusima zvinhu amboita kuti Bonsai yenyu, kumutarisira mune ramangwana haazogumisi mwoyo. Cheka vanofanira kubviswa chete ramakore ekunze, achicheka vasati nhungirwa nomutsipa. kureba yavo dzingasiyana, zvichienderana neuwandu interstices. Irege asingasviki matatu uye hazvinatsoita anopfuura mashanu. Yokumusoro kumucheto nokuveza kuti mvere, apo rezasi chamfered, zvinonzi akaisa mvura, akazadza nyorova jira. Imwe nzira yokuita Toriki - on nekutengesa bukira kunyatsoongorora akabvisa mumwe kanyika kuti nemakwati haisi kupfuura 2 cm kana davi incision, akaiswa mugomba ibwe. Iyi nzvimbo zvikuru yakakanyiwa Appin swathe sphagnum pamusoro polyethylene, akaputira uye yakasimbiswa kumativi ose kumisa mhepo rive. In ichi tsonyera dzose sirinji yawapihwa unyoro. Roots bazi anofanira anenge 60 mazuva.

Miso

Nzira iyi ndiyo yakanaka beginners uye mbeu kubereka. Dzakakodzerana ichi maples, pamiouki, nemimirite, mutamba, maranjisi. Unogona kuva inounganidzwa kubva miti vakasarudzwa akaibva mbeu Bonsai kuti kugamuchirwa pasina matambudziko. Chete mbeu kuti kuenda kuburikidza maitikiro ose stratification. Kuti zviite basa, unogona kunyatsonzwisisa wabvisa haibvi pasi nechekare germinated mbeu inomera vakagadzirira akapinza ramangwana Bonsai muna akagadzirira nembiya.

Kupatsanura maererano kukura

Kune kwete chete akasiyana mhando, asi Bonsai zvitaera zvakasiyana ukuru. Zvinoshamisa kuti munyika vakasiyana zvinomera ine hofori yayo tuduku uye vanamandionerepi. Muna International kupatsanura woman:

1. on. boka iri une muti kukwirira uye 20 cm pakati pavo .:

-Kesi-tsubu (lilliputians muna Lilliput, imwe nekukwirira chete kusvika 2.5 cm).

- nesefa (kusvika 7.5 masendimita urefu, vaifanira 8 cm).

-Gafu (masendimita 20 akareba).

2. Sohin. boka iri rine mizambiringa yakabva kumwe ose zvenguva kukura pakati diki chaizvo uye diki chete. Panowo pane subgroups maviri:

-Komono (Zvakawanikwa anenge 20 cm).

-Myabi (25 cm).

3. Cephas. The boka ane nzvimbo pakati pasi. Plantlets dzake inbox, vanogona kukura 40 cm.

4. Chu. Plants muboka iri - anenge varefu, richisvika mita nekukwirira. subgroups:

-Tyuhin (masendimita 60).

-Omono (masendimita 100).

5. Bonds ,. B Lilliput chirimwa nyika zviri Hofori vakakwanisa ruoko kusvika masendimita 120 uye wakakwirira.

Kupatsanura zvakaumbwa korona

Zvakaratidza, nenzira anotarira korona, panewo dzakasiyana-siyana Bonsai. Traditional zvinosanganisira:

-Tokkan (hunde twasu, thickening nechepasi).

-Moogi (nechepasi uye muromo kwedzinde perpendicular pasi, apo nechepakati curved).

-Sokan (muti une dzinde vaviri, mumwe nomumwe korona kwayo, pova chete).

-Syakan (pasina mudende kusarurama, asi kukura pasi pa necheparutivi).

-Kengay (miti noWokumusorosoro dzekare vachichema, kureva, kukura hunde dzacho kurerekera pazasi muhari, sokunge kuyerera).

- Khan Bandar Kangan (Barrel miti uye simba, asi muromo anogara zvinoenderana pasi nendiro Achitambanudzira mapazi akazvimirira akafanana mizambiringa yakabva kumwe).

-Bundzingi (muti inokura twasu hunde dzacho, asi zvishoma Mapazi).

-Sekidzodzyu (mundiro pasi, pane matombo uye muti midzi sokunge entwine).

-Isitsuki (mundiro kuumba munhu Zvinoumba curved mabwe, uye mizambiringa yakabva kumwe vachikura crevices dzavo).

-Hokidati (Barrel chirimwa mutsetse, uye matavi vanoumba yakaisvonaka korona idenderedzwa).

-Ose ue (mumaruva muti inokura zvishoma, kwete vakawanda of 4, dzakasiyana yakakwirira uye zera).

-Ikadabuki (kutevedzera huni, kufanana kuparara pasi, vamwe mapazi kuti kukura zvichikwira kubva hunde).

sanganisira kuno-

Kuwedzera Classic, zviri nyore, pane unyanzvi Bonsai ane akaoma chaizvo, rinoda unyanzvi zvikuru. Ivo:

-Netsuranari (Y muti nemidzi kukura kubva pemashanga akawanda izvo intertwine pamwe chete).

-Fukinagasi (kunzwisisa sezvamunoita, umo Bonsai inokura kwete obliquely chete, uye kuti awo uye mashizha akaronga somuti ruchigona mhepo).

-Sakey (mundiro pave kutevedzera wekona zvakasikwa - masango kana migodhi nzvimbo, uye Bonsai miti kuti simulation ichi zvoga).

kurimwa mitemo

Not zvakaoma kuchengeta Bonsai kumba, kutarisira iyo yakavakirwa pakuomerera kuchengeta mitemo. Makarasika avo vanofunga kuti pfupi miti vanofanira chete kukura mumba sechinhu chinhu yakarongedzwa. Kakawanda munhu Bonsai sezvamunoita panze, uye vakapinda mumba chete pakatanga kuchitonhora. Kana chando hachisi zvikuru, Bonsai zvinogona kusiya mumugwagwa, asi nembiya kunofanira kuiswa guru mugaba dhayamita, uye musoro butiro guru paiva chikwindi kusvika pamuti mapazi.

Zvakakosha kuti Deciduous Bonsai muchando uyewo vivo, kuzoteura mashizha uye kwechinguva akaramba ari zororo. Kuti vaite izvi, vabvise munzvimbo inotonhorera nzvimbo. Wechitatu zvimiso ubudirire - ndiwo chaiwo zvaidiwa chiedza uye mwando. Kana Bonsai hakuna chaivo chiedza zvakakwana, zvakare zvinosanganisira rambi, asi panguva imwe chete kufungawo kupisa ivo emit. Kuti Tirambe optimum mwando zviri achishandisa yemagetsi damper. Kana hakuna mumwe sandara dhishi pamwe chirimwa chinogona iiswe ari tireyi, mudungwe nematombo uye hafu akazadzwa mvura. Nyore, asi zvikuru basa nzira ndiko mwaya muti korona.

kumhara

Kana wakagadzirira yokudyara zvinhu - cheka kana mbeu - a Bonsai inofanira kuiswa mumba make. EJapan uye Chinese kushandiswa nokuda ichi pasi nendiro emaruva, akafuka kuri pachimedu kana opaque, asi nguva dzose kuva dzakawanda makomba abudise. Dzisina shambidza ivhu, kufukidza hole chimedu Tile. Maumbirwe poto anogona kuva chero. Ivhu nokuti indoor Bonsai kunaka kutora kufanana kuti hama yake mumugwagwa. Vamwe vemifananidzo vari kugadzirira pasi yoga. Recipes munhu wose. Heano rakajairika:

-mixture yakaenzana zvikamu dzevhu, mavhu, manyowa, dombo guruva kana jecha;

-glina, manyowa uye jecha pa ratios (3: 5: 2);

-glina manyowa, mavhu (1: 5: 3);

-listovaya nyika, chemubhotoro, jecha, kuhukura, kuputika ivhu.

Chero zvazvingava, ivhu anofanira nyore kupfuura mvura kudzivirira kubva kurega kunotanga. Uyezve, ruzivo mhizha vari zano kuti disinfect vasati kudyara muhari uye ivhu. Stratified mbeu akaiswa pasi, vakafuka girazi, wose nguva kumera vakaramba inodziya tembiricha uye zvine mwero mwando. Vakarangana vakasvika 2-4 kunosiya Danho mizambiringa yakabva kumwe svetuka. Kukudziridza midzi, iyo Sarudza oparesheni yaifanira kanoverengeka. Cheka uye mizambiringa yakabva kumwe Vakasimwa mune imwe ivhu sezvo mbeu. Nokuti zviri nani rooting kuchekwa cover foil.

nokuisazve

Kukura Bonsai hazvibviri pasina shanduko, izvo zvinofanira kuitwa ose maviri, kunonyanyisa makore matatu asati muto dziriko. oparesheni ichi rinoitwa uye vanofungidzirwa mudzi ora. Asati transplanting muti kwamazuva mashoma vakasara pasina kudiridzwa. Kubva poto yabviswa nebanga. With midzi zvinyoronyoro kuchenesa ivhu, midzi zvose kufungira uye makuru midzi vanobviswa. Disinfect muhari, muzadze vaviri masendimita ivhu idzva vasara pashure Kubvisa midzi ruramisa yematanda rutanda, vakapararira pasi vakafuka pasi, nekuumbanidzwa ichinyorovesa. Plantlets anogona kugadzira waya, vanosundira kupinda zvaimutambisira mugomba.

Bonsai (chirimwa): kutarisira

Zviri miti duku havasi kunzwisisa chaizvo. Vanofanira wakadiridzwa kugara asina mvura inotonhora, nechokwadi chokuti ivhu muhari haagari rakaoma kana zvakare pamusoro-wetting. Panguva zororo mbesa mvura zvishoma kazhinji munguva kukura mwaka kazhinji. Kuberekesa Bonsai kupedza kunodiwa. Ita izvozvo kubvira pakutanga Mwaka wokukura vhiki yose, achiwedzera sapropel kana urea. Zvinogonekawo kushandisa fetiraiza muchimiro granules kana mhinduro. Fetiraiza ane senitrogen zvikuru rinoshandiswa pashure yokutanga kukura wave. Pakatanga dormancy nguva dzichifura anomiswa. Coniferous Bonsai munguva yechando havana zvokudya. Isa fotereza vanorwara uye richangobva wakasimwa zvinomera asingagoni.

nezvekugadzirwa Bonsai

How kuti zvatinosiita muti kujairika - ichi pamwe ndiyo mubvunzo mukuru. Technology pano yakasiyana. In edu ezvinhu akanaka kwazvo, kunyange beginners mumeporo Bonsai. Sarudza zvandinenge siyana, maererano rwevanhu nemitemo wakasimwa mbeu kana kuchekwa, egore mupudzi kuti kupa ngavawane simba. Mune ramangwana, kushandura pakuonekwa mudende, zvinyoronyoro Achitsaudzira nazvo zvinyoronyoro (mhangura kana aruminiyamu) waya. Asi maples haasi nguva dzose migumisiro. Kazhinji ivo fomu kuchekerera. Kumisa pamusoro kukura, aigara zviri kubvisa mapazi matsva. Mune kumbonyanya guru mumeporo shizha ndiro. Kuderedza izvozvo, kumativi midsummer yakachena akura mashizha, kusiya petiole. Tree panguva ino akatamira shading chinzvimbo. Zvikure Bonsai Maple akasvibira, kana kugera zvinobvira truncate zvakare ruoko mudende (kufukidza ronda pamwe akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona), bvisai skeletal matavi, prischipnut mabukira. Kuti hunde kurereka kana vachikotama, kwachiri munguva basa kukura anogona kusungira sinker kana zvinyoronyoro hwakakungwa mugwara uye kugadzirisa yemhangura waya nokuisa pasi jira. Unogona kushandisa nzira dzinoverengeka kuzadzisa zvinodiwa pakukora hunde. Mune dzimwe mbesa spliced vaduku hunde dzacho, mangwana anodonha kuti mumwe uye chokuedza pamwechete. Nokuti Maple, nzira iyi hakusi kunaka chaizvo. Pakukora hunde ichi zvakafamba zvinoitwa truncation.