Masere Orthodox vayambuke: photo, ukoshi, zvikuru

Holy Cross chiratidzo kwaIshe wedu Jesu Kristu. mutendi wose wechokwadi pamberi pake involuntarily anochinja pfungwa dzake pamusoro pechiito kurwadziwa Zvakatora kubvisa isu parufu husingaperi, iyo yava Mugove vanhu pashure kuwa Adhamu naEvha. Special zvokunamata uye mupfungwa kugozha kutakura muchinjikwa masere-Orthodox. Kunyange kana pasina mufananidzo kuroverwa, nguva dzose zvinoita sokuti ziso redu mupfungwa.

Chishandiso rufu, izvo akava chiratidzo choupenyu

muchinjikwa Christian - ichi mufananidzo kuuraya maturusi, iro rave pasi Iisus Hristos pamusoro involuntary mitsetse zvavakatemerwa kubudikidza akazova gavhuna weJudhiya, Pondiyo Pirato. Kokutanga yokuuraya matsotsi mhando iyi vakabva vokuFenikiya vekare uye pashure colonists dzavo - kuti Carthaginians apinda hweRoma, rwakazokura kwakapararira.

Mugore chiKristu nguva kuroverwa akatongera kunyanya makororo akatora anourayirwa kutenda vateveri vaJesu Kristu. Kunyanya kazhinji Fani iyi yaiva nguva yaitonga Mambo Nero. rufu Muponesi ichocho chave akariita nhumbi nyadzi uye kutambura chiratidzo kukunda zvakanaka pamusoro zvakaipa uye chiedza pamusoro rima husingaperi gehena.

Muchinjikwa masere rwakavakwa - inomirira Orthodoxy

tsika dzechiKristu anoziva zvakawanda akanyorwa zvakanaka zvakasiyana kuyambukira kubva zvatinosiita crosshairs yakarurama mitsetse kuti yakaoma chaizvo geometries, kuwedzera siyana zviratidzo. Religious zvinoreva pavakaisa chete, asi zvimwewo Kusiyana zvikuru chinokosha.

Munyika kumabvazuva kweMediterranean, Eastern Europe, uye muna Russia kubvira makarekare chiratidzo wekereke iri octagonal, kana, sezvo Zvinowanzotaurwa, yeOrthodox muchinjikwa. Uyezve, unogona kunzwa okuti "pamuchinjiko Saint Razaro," ndiro rimwe zita muchinjikwa masere-Orthodox, sezvo ichakurukurwa pazasi. Dzimwe nguva anoiswa pamusoro mufananidzo pamuchinjikwa Muponesi.

External zviri Orthodox muchinjikwa

peculiarity Its iri pakuti kuwedzera maviri chinjikira muchinjikwa-nhengo, iyo rezasi - vakawanda, uye musoro - duku, pane anyanye uye akatumidza rutsoka. Hazvina duku uye riri pazasi hunyambiri chidimbu, izvozvo kunoratidza kwepuranga rakachinjika, iro akazorora tsoka dzaKristu.

The mirayiridzo yaro zvinodiwa nguva dzose zvakafanana: kana ukatarira kurutivi varoverwa Kristu, rworudyi kuguma kupfuura kuruboshwe. In ichi nhema mumwe Chirevo. Maererano nemashoko Muponesi ari Kwekupedzisira, vakarurama vachamira kurudyi rwake, uye vatadzi - kuruboshwe. Kuti nzira yakarurama Heaven chinoratidza upraised kodzero kuguma rutsoka, uye pakadzika gehena anotendeuka kuruboshwe.

Maererano neEvhangeri Muponesi arovererwa pamusoro bhodhi musoro hwaakange ruoko Pondiyo Pirato rakanyorwa: ". Jesu wokuNazareta, Mambo wavaJudha" Chinyorwa ichi yakaitwa mumitauro mitatu - nechiHebheru, chiRatini uye nechiGiriki. Kuti zvinomirira pamusoro duku kwepuranga rakachinjika. Rinogona riri penguva pakati dzakakwirira kwepuranga rakachinjika uye yokumusoro mugumo muchinjikwa, uye panguva chaizvo pamusoro payo. chiratidzo kwakadaro kunoita zvikuru nechivimbo zvichiberekana chimiro zviridzwa kutambura Kristu. Ndicho chikonzero muchinjikwa masere-Orthodox.

About murayiro yendarama chikamu

muchinjikwa masere Orthodox wayo dzekare chimiro kunobva pamurayiro waJehovha yendarama chikamu. Kuti tinzwisise zviri kuitika, tinokurukura pfungwa iyi zvizere. Pasi zvinonzwisiswa somunhu harmonic zvinoenderana, zvimwe irimo zvose zvakasikwa noMusiki.

Mumwe mienzaniso yaro ndiwo muviri womunhu. Kuburikidza nyore kuedza tinogona kuona kuti kana isu vagovere kukosha kukura kwedu pamusoro chinhambwe kubva patsoka kusvika guvhu, uye ipapo chete ukoshi yakakamurwa kure pakati kweguvhu uye musoro musoro, ipapo migumisiro zvichava zvakafanana uye uwandu kusvika 1,618. The chete maererano iri ukuru phalanges eminwe edu. Izvi reshiyo tsika, anonzi yendarama reshiyo, anogona kuwanikwa pana danho ose kubva kugungwa goko mamiriro kuumba zvatinosiita mubindu romuriwo turnips.

Building pahwaro kukura yendarama chikamu mutemo zvinowanzoshandiswa mapurani, uyewo dzimwe nzvimbo art. With kwayo maonero vemifananidzo vakawanda vanogona kubudirira mubasa rake vaifanira zvinoenderana. Izvi mumuitiro akanga chaichengetwa Vanyori kushanda Genre pamusoro weclassical. Pakunyorera nziyo manyorero dombo uye Jazz kupa naro.

Mutemo rokuvaka Orthodox muchinjikwa

Pahwaro yegoridhe chikamu akavaka uye masere Orthodox muchinjikwa. Kukosha kwayo migumo kwave akatsanangura apa, zvino kuna mitemo akashandurwa rokuvaka ichi nechepakati chiratidzo chechiKristu. Havana kuisa artificially, asi zvakaita kubva kupindirana upenyu pachahwo, uye akawana hwaro hwavo akarongeka.

Sere muchinjikwa vakirisito charted zvizere maererano netsika nguva dzose zvinoenderana nenzira rectangle, chinoitwa reshiyo iro rinoenderana yendarama chikamu. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kuburikidza nokugoverana kukwirira nokuda upamhi, tinowana 1,618.

Muchinjikwa Saint Razaro (sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, nderimwe zita muchinjikwa masere-Orthodox) pakurigadzira chimwe chinhu chokuita kukura kwomuviri. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti upamhi hwoupenyu maoko evanhu akaenzana kukwirira ake uye nomufananidzo nemaoko vakarambana pamativi zvinonyatsoenderana zvakakwana kuva mativi. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, avhareji kureba danda unoenderana kutsvaira muruoko Kristu, ndiye kure kuti wetsoka raiiswa, zvichireva kukura kwayo. Izvi nyore, Pakutanga, mitemo vanofanira nhoroondo mumwe munhu uyo mubvunzo sei vaswedere muchinjikwa masere-Orthodox.

paKarivhari muchinjikwa

Panewo, evasingatombonamati yemamongi muchinjikwa masere-Orthodox anokosha, mapikicha iyo chinopiwa munyaya. Inonzi "pamuchinjiko weKarivari." Chiso Iri zvatinosiita muchinjikwa Orthodox, chinorondedzerwa pamusoro, anoiswa pamusoro mufananidzo yokufananidzira Mount reKarivhari. Kazhinji dzaitaurwa muchimiro matanho, izvo akaisa pasi dehenya uye mapfupa. Kurudyi muchinjikwa inogona kutsanangurwa Rutsanga pamwe chipanji uye pfumo.

Mumwe nomumwe zvinhu izvi ane rechitendero rinoreva pakadzika. Somuenzaniso, dehenya uye crossbones. Maererano Mutsvene Tradition, ropa rechibayiro Muponesi, rakateerwa pamuchinjikwa, anowira pamusoro paKarivhari, akanga leaked zvayo makadzika, apo zvisaririra chatateguru wedu Adhamu, akavashambidza chituko chivi chokutanga. Saka, mufananidzo yedehenya uye mapfupa Kristu anosimbisa ukama rechipfuwo kuti mhosva Adhamu naEvha, uyewo Testamende Itsva - the Old.

Zvinoreva mufananidzo pfumo riri pamuchinjiko weKarivari

Masere Orthodox muchinjikwa ari yemamongi nguo dzose achiperekedzwa mifananidzo rutanda pamwe chipanji uye pfumo. Kujairana mashoko eEvhangeri yaJohani zvakanaka kurangarira izere mumutambo apo mumwe murwi weRoma ainzi Longinus rwakabaya chombo mbabvu uye Muponesi kubva ronda hoyerera ropa nemvura. Chiitiko ichi ane zvakasiyana dudziro, asi rakajairika ndivo anowanikwa zvakanyorwa yezvechitendero wechiKristu uye muzivi IV remakore St. Augustine.

Mairi akanyora kuti sezvo micheto ari vakarara Adam Mwari akasika Evha mwenga wake, saka kubva ronda iri kudivi raJesu Kristu, akatambudzika pfumo murwi, mwenga wake chechi yakatangwa. Strait nemvura neropa uye, maererano St. Augustine, izvozvo kunoratidza sakaramende - Eucharist, apo waini anoshandura kupinda neropa raIshe, uye Epiphany, umo munhu anopinda chechi, achinyatsotaurira Hot mumvura. Pfumo, iyo kureva ronda, ndeimwe anokosha zvisaririra chiKristu, uye vakatenda kuti panguva ino wakachengetwa Vienna, ari Hofburg Castle.

Ukoshi mufananidzo tsvimbo uye sechipanji

Zvakafanana yakakosha mufananidzo tsvimbo uye sechipanji. Kubva nyaya vatsvene vaevhangeri vanoziva kuti Kristu pamuchinjikwa kaviri aida kunwa. Muchiitiko chokutanga akanga waini yakavhenganiswa nemura, kuti doro chokunwa ingaderedza marwadzo achibvumira, uye nokudaro vatiitire chirango.

In rwechipiri, akanzwa kuchema kubva pamuchinjikwa "Ini nenyota!", Iye akauyisa chipanje nevhiniga uye bile. Kwaiva chisekeso murume simba uye vakabatsira kwava pedyo. Muzviitiko zvacho zvose, vejeri vaishandisa chipanji, akarovererwa pamusoro rutanda, nekuti pasina rubatsiro wake vaisagona kusvika muromo pamuchinjikwa waJesu. Pasinei vakadaro kwetarisiro basa mugove kwavari, zvinhu izvi, uyewo nepfumo, vaiva pakati zvikuru dzinoyera dzechiKristu, uye mufananidzo zvinogona kuonekwa pedyo pamuchinjiko weKarivari.

Dzokufananidzira zvakanyorwa pa muchinjikwa yemamongi

Vaya kutanga anoona yemamongi muchinjikwa masere-Orthodox, kazhinji pane mibvunzo chokuita yakanyorwa zvakanyorwa pamusoro payo. Zvikurukuru, IC ichi uye XC pamicheto yehombodo mbariro yepakati. Tsamba idzi kumira pasina zvimwe kupfuura rakapfupikiswa zita - Iisus Hristos. Mukuwedzera, mufananidzo muchinjikwa aine vaviri riri pasi mbariro yepakati zvinyorwa - chiratidzo necheSalvic mashoko "Mwanakomana waMwari" uye rechiGiriki Nike, izvo zvinoreva kuti "mukundi".

Pamatanda duku, inomiririra, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, hwendefa ane chinyorwa chakaitwa naPondiyo Pirato, kazhinji rakanyorwa necheSalvic ІNTSІ chidimbu kureva shoko "Jesu weNazareta Mambo wevaJudha", uye pamusoro payo - ". Mambo Kukudzwa" Pedyo mufananidzo mapfumo kuva tsika kunyora tsamba K, uye pamusoro tsvimbo T. Uyezve, anenge kubva XVI remakore, akatanga kunyora mujinga muchinjikwa kuruboshwe uye tsamba ML RB Right. Ndivo uyewo Acronym, uye mashoko anoreva "Nzvimbo yedehenya, Fast pamuchinjikwa."

Kuwedzera kune zviratidzo izvi, tinofanira kutaura tsamba mbiri G, vakamira kurutivi rworuboshwe uye rworudyi mufananidzo weKarivari, uye chiri panopindwa muzita rayo, uyewo D uye A - Head Adhamu nechepadivi panhivi dehenya, uye mashoko okuti "Mambo Kubwinya," mashoko yokupedzisira yemamongi masere-Orthodox kuyambuka. The ukoshi kuri mavari, kunoenderana zvizere Evhangeri ndima, asi chaiko kunyora inogona dzaisiyana uye kutsiviwa nevamwe.

Kusafa akapa nokutenda

Zvinokoshawo kuti kunzwisisa nei zita muchinjikwa masere Orthodox chokuita nezita St. Razaro? Mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu inogona kuwanika mumapeji muEvhangeri yaJohani, achirondedzera chishamiso amutswa kubva kuvakafa, Jesu Kristu akaita, pazuva rechina pashure porufu. Chirevo pano pachena: sei Razaro akanga kuupenyu nokutenda nehanzvadzi dzake Marita naMariya Jesu omnipotence, uye munhu wose anovimba Muponesi achaponeswa, kubva mumaoko rufu rusingaperi.

Nematuro hwepasi upenyu vanhu havagoni pachedu kuona Mwanakomana waMwari, asi ivo akapa zvechitendero zviratidzo zvayo. Mumwe wavo ari muchinjikwa masere-Orthodox, kukura, mukuru chimiro uye kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro mutoro dzakanga nyaya ino. Ari pamwe munhu kutenda kwoupenyu. Holy Fonts, apo sakaramendi Rubhabhatidzo chinotanga masuo Church rake Kristu, kusvikira inotanga musi guva dombo repamusoro muchinjikwa masere-Orthodox.

Pectoral chiratidzo kwokutenda kwechiKristu

Custom kupfeka muchinjikwa duku yakagadzirwa Kwakashandiswa micheka, akazviratidza chete pakutanga ari IV remakore. Pasinei chokwadi kuti huru chishandiso kwaKristu chido chaiva chinhu chinonamatwa vose vateveri vake kubva pamakore okutanga kwazvo pakagadzwa Church yechiKristu panyika, pakutanga kwakasarudzwa zvisasakare vakapoteredza pamutsipa michinjikwa uye medallions pamwe mufananidzo Muponesi.

Panewo hwokuti munguva kutambudzwa kwakaitika pakati ini uye pamberi pakutanga IV remakore, vaiva kutenda zvokuzvidira aida kutambudzika Kristu uye rinoshandisirwa mufananidzo muchinjikwa pachangu pahuma. By chiratidzo ichi zvavaidzidza uye ipapo akatengesa kurwadziwa uye rufu. Pashure pokugadzwa chiKristu munguva kwokupfeka pamuchinjikwa sezvo chitendero hurumende yaiva tsika, munguva imwe chete, vakatanga kuiswa padenga temberi.

Two Mhando pamuchinjikwa in Ancient Rus

MuRussia, zviratidzo kwokutenda kwechiKristu akazviratidza muna 988, pachiimbwa rubhabhatidzo kwayo. Zvinofadza kuona kuti madzitateguru edu akanga nhaka Byzantines maviri mhando pamuchinjikwa. Mumwe wavo yaimbonzi yaipfekwa pamusoro mubhokisi, pasi nguvo dzenyu. Michinjikwa iyi vainzi vanamajasi.

Pamwe chete navo, kwakanga anonzi encolpion - uyewo michinjikwa, asi zvishoma kurei, uye zvinopfekwa pamusoro zvipfeko. mavambo avo, ivo vari netsika kupfeka reliquary pamwe zvisaririra, vakanga yakashongedzwa pamuchinjikwa. Over nguva encolpion tinoshandurirwa pectoral michinjikwa vaprista uye mabhishopi.

The chiratidzo chikuru Humanism uye vanhu

Pamusoro zvemakore kuti kubvira ipapo, kana Dnieper kumahombekombe uchipenya chiedza kwokutenda kwechiKristu, tsika Orthodox akaita rakavapo nenzira dzakawanda. Inviolable vachisiya echitendero zvinodavirwa muchitendero chete zvayo uye zvinokosha zvenyaya okufananidzira, chikuru munhu ari muchinjikwa masere-Orthodox.

Nesirivha, mhangura, kana akaita zvimwe zvinhu, chinochengeta mutendi, kudzivirira kubva masimba zvakaipa - vose zvinoonekwa nezvisingaonekwi. Sechiyeuchidzo yechibayiro vakauya naKristu muruponeso varume, muchinjikwa rava chiratidzo chemhando Humanism uye kuda muvakidzani.