Mhando huru dzemitauro yemuromo (yechipiri kirasi). Ndeapi matauriro emuromo aripo?

Munhu wese anokwanisa kutaura nekubatsira kwekutaura mumuromo uye zvisingaenzaniswi. Kutenda nekukurukurirana, vanhu vanogona kurondedzera zvakaitika kwavari uye manzwiro avo, taura nezvezvinokosha, zvinofadza. Kutaura nomuromo kunobvumira munhu kuti aende kune imwe nzvimbo yakakwirira yehupenyu. Mumabhuku ezvesayenzi anogona kuwana nhamba dzisingagoni kuverengwa dzezvikonzero zvekutaurirana kwemuromo. Mukutaura, kuongorora mutauro senzira yekukurukurirana kunokosha kuti uchinzwisise zvakadzika matanho anowanikwa mupfungwa dzemunhu mukutaura kwemashoko nevamwe vanhu. Mushure mezvose, nzira yekuwana unyanzvi hwekutaura inoenda isingazivi uye yega. Purogiramu yechikoro inopa basa rekuziva vadzidzi vane pfungwa yekutaura nemuromo. Gare gare, dambudziko iri remitauro rinodzidzwa nevadzidzi vehupi hwehupilolo. Ichi chinyorwa chinozvipira kune chimiro chechimiro chekutinhira chemutauro.

Nhamba yekutaurirana

Kutanga, funga nezvemhando dzakanakisisa dzemutauriro wemuromo. Chikoro chechipiri chechikoro maererano nehurongwa hwekudzidzisa unoziva pfungwa dzekukurukurirana uye zvinyorwa. Ichi chikamu chine nheyo yaro nhamba yevatori vechikamu mukutaurirana. Saka, aya mazwi ane chikamu chimwe chete "-log", iyo inoshandurwa kubva muchiGiriki se "shoko", "zvinoreva," kutaura. " Kutora kubva mumutauro mumwechete we "mono" kunoreva "mumwe". Nokudaro, imwe nyanzvi ndeyekutaura kweumwe munhu, iyo inotaridzirwa kwaari kana kuti kune vateereri. Uyezve, chikamu che "di-" muchiGiriki chinoreva "maviri". Nokudaro, kukurukurirana ndiko kugoverana kwemashoko pakati pevatauriri vaviri. Muchiitiko ichi, mumwe nomumwe wavo ndiye nyanzvi. Zvinoreva chirevo chekutaurirana ndechekushandura replicas.

Pakupindura mubvunzo iwoyo, ndeapi matauriro emuromo, vanhu vanowanzoidza kududzirwa uku. Zvisinei, imwe nzira yakadaro yekukurukurirana inonzi polylogue. "Poly-" zvinoreva "zvakawanda". Pano tiri kutaura pamusoro pekuvapo kwevatauriri vaviri kana kupfuura.

Chimiro chemutauro

Ndedzipi dzimwe mhando dzemutauriro wemuromo uripo? 2 kirasi inodzidza kusarudzwa kwekukurukurirana zvakananga, kwete kwete chete kuwanda kwevanhu vanopindirana. Chimwe chikonzero chekusiyanisa mutauro ndicho kunaka uye zvishoma nezvishoma zve syllable yake. Pachikonzero chegadziriro iyi, paive nemhando dzakadai dzemitauro yemuromo semutauro wekutanga, kunyora uye kunyora mumashoko acho. Chokutanga, funga mutauro wekutanga.

Kutaurirana nyore

Sezvaunoziva, vanhu vakatanga kudzidza kuita mhere-mhere uye panguva iyoyo-kuratidza zviratidzo. Pakutanga, mutauro wakanga uripo pamuromo. Mutauro wekutanga kunyora mazuva ano unonyanya kusanganisira kukurukurirana kwezuva nezuva, izvo zvisingatongogadziriswi pane tsamba uye muzvokwadi hapana chidikanwi chechiratidzo chinoratidza. Izvi zvinosanganisira hurukuro dzakasiyana-siyana dzehurukuro, hurukuro dzakanyorerwa pakufamba, makuhwa anowanzoparidzirwa. Dzidziso yemitauro inobatanidza runyerekupe, kukurukurirana uye nhoroondo kune dzimwe nzira dzakawanda dzekutaura kwakanyorwa kare. Nheyo yekusarudzwa kwavo inhamba yemashoko akabatwa. Nokudaro, runyerekurwo runodzokororwa kamwe chete. Chinangwa chikuru chekutaura uku ndechokutaura mamwe mashoko kune nhengo imwe neimwe yehurukuro. Mharidzo yakadaro inogumira kuvapo pakarepo mushure mokunge inosvika kune vose vanobatana, sezvo kuberekwa patsva kusingaiti. Kurambidzwa kwekuberekwa kunogona kuputswa, asi ipapo runyerekupe runotanga kuve mune rumwe rudzi-nenzira yezvinyorwa, izvo zvisinganzwisisi.

Takatotanga kutaura nezvekutaura kwakanyorwa kusati kwanyorwa nenzira yekukurukurirana, asi muchirongwa ichi chinoshandiswa nenzira yakasiyana mune zvinoreva zvakasiyana. Pano kucherechedza kunobhadharwa kwete kuwanda kwevanhu vanopindirana, asi kuwanda kwezvinyorwa uye chirevo chemashoko chemashoko. Nhaurirano mupfungwa iyi inofungidzirwa seimwe chirevo chemashoko ezvidzidzo zvakasiyana pane imwe nyaya. Semitemo, magwaro anowanikwa kamwechete, nokuti kunyange kana pane mubvunzo, iyo interlocutor, achidzokorora mutsara wakambotaurwa, anoshandura mazwi kana kurongeka kwemashoko.

Uye pakupedzisira, nharo ndeyekunyorwa kunyoreswa kwekutaura, iyo inoratidzwa nekudzokorora kudzokorora. Kusiyana nerunyerekupe, rumbiro rwuri pfuma yemagariro, magwaro aro akachengetedzwa zvakanaka kwemakore mazhinji. Rudzi urwu runogona kusanganisira nyaya dzevanhu, nhoroondo.

Literary texts

Takakurukura kutaura kusati kwanyorwa sekutanga kwemhando dzemashoko, zvichienderana nemhando yemutauro wakataurirwa. Zvino ngatishandurei mutauro wezvinyorwa. Pano pane kure nekutaurirana kwezuva nezuva. Rudzi urwu rwekutaura runoratidzika sekutonga, kunyora. Pakutanga, magwaro ezvinyorwa anonyorwa pamapepa uye anonyanya kufanana nekutaura kwemashoko. Asi zvino vanodzidza uye vanochinja. Icho chikonzero nekuda kwemaitiro akaoma akadaro ekugadzira magwaro anoguma anowana maitiro avo akanaka. Iko kune mhando dzemitauro yemutauro wemutauro muRussia se rhetoric uye homiletics. Ngationgororei pamusoro pezvo.

Oratorics

Rudzi urwu rweminyoro yenyorwa ndeyekutaura kwomunhu kune vamwe vateereri, izvo zvinokanganisa hupenyu hunokosha hwevateereri. Zvisinei, mukurukuri haana mukana wekugadzira kukurukurirana nevateereri vake. Anomanikidzwa kutaura zvose zvaanoda mune imwe hurukuro. Muenzaniso wezvinyorwa zvinyorwa ndeyekutonga kwekutonga. Semuenzaniso, gweta mumashoko ake ekupedzisira ane mukana wokuratidza unyanzvi hwake hwekutaura uye kuratidza maonero ake pachake, asi haagoni kubvunza mibvunzo kune avo varipo. Vateereri vanopindura pamashoko omudziviriri pakarepo, mukati mokubvumirana naye kana kusatora pfungwa yake. Nokudaro, nhengo dzemitauro inonyanya kutaura iri kutaura kwemhepo.

Homiletics

Pakupindura mubvunzo iwoyo, ndeapi matauriro emuromo (nyanzvi) aripo, hazvibviri kutaurira rudzi urwu rwekutaura. Mukufananidza neanatorics homiletics yakafanana nehurukuro. Pasinei nechokwadi chokuti kunewo gadziriro yemashoko ekutaura, zvisinei, munhu anonyora haafaniri kutaura zvose zvaanoda mune rimwe shoko. Sezvo mutemo, iye anoputsa zvinyorwa mune zvimwe zvikamu zvekukanganisa kukuru kune vateereri. Mashoko akadaro ane simba guru pane dzidzo yevanhu vose. Kupindura mubvunzo, ndeapi matauriro emuromo aripo, zvakakosha kutaura nezvechechi, maitiro ezvinyorwa uye ezvidzidzo zvemahomiletics.

Pastoral Word

Rudzi urwu rwemahombeksi inotarisirwa kukurudzira vateereri, kunyanya, pamanzwiro avo uye kuda kwavo. Ichechi yakasiyana-siyana yekutumbuka inowanikwa mune maitiro ekuparidza, kubvunzurudza nekureurura. Kutaura kwokutanga inhoroondo yakazara yezvimwe chokwadi chitsvene. Muparidzi ari mukutaura kwake anotaura nevanhu vane chinangwa chokugadzirisa ruzivo rwakanga rwuripo rwevanhu, kuwedzera kukosha kwavo, kusimbisa kukosha kwavo. Inobvunzurudzwa, zvakare, ihwo rudzi rwemuedzo wekufananidzwa kwevanhu pamusoro pezvokwadi zvakataurwa mumharidzo. Chikamu chokupedzisira chireurura. Mushure mekupfidza, mufundisi, kuongorora huwandu hwevanhu vanozadzisa mitemo yavo mukuita, unoitawo hurukuro inonzi inotungamirirwa nomunhu kuitira chinangwa chakanaka mumweya wake.

Dzidzo yekuita

Homiletics inowedzera nzira yose yezvidzidzo. Nzira huru dzekukurukurirana pakati pemudzidzisi nevadzidzi ndezvidzidzo, misinari uye kuedza / kuongorora. Vanogona kuenzaniswa nyore nyore nemhando dzakasiyana dzekukurukurirana pakati pemufudzi nevatendi vakurukura pamusoro apa. Kudzidzira, pamwe chete nemharidzo, yakagadzirirwa kuvhara mibvunzo inokosha uye kuitsanangurira vateereri. Zvisinei, kusiyana nechechi homiletics, iyo inosanganisira kutaura mashoko anozivikanwa kuvanhu kuti awedzere kukosha kwavo, kudzidzisa kunosanganisira kutaurira vateereri kune itsva, yakave isina kuzivikanwa.

Iye zvino ngatimbofananidza chikamu chinotevera chekukurukurirana kwekudzidzisa, seminari, nehurukuro. Chidzidzo chinobatsira nevadzidzisi vanoitwawo kuti vaone dhigirii uye unhu hwekugona kwavo ruzivo. Pakupedzisira, kuongororwa rudzi rwekuregerera, apo mudzidzisi anoongorora kuongorora kwevadzidzi kwechokwadi chavakapiwa kwavari mumitauro.

Zvinyorwa zvemashoko

Kutaura kwomunyengeri, chinangwa chekuparadzira nekuparidzira zvimwe ruzivo, chinoumbwa nechokwadi chekare chakazivikanwa chakabatanidzwa nezvitsva. Nokudaro, propaganda homiletics inobatanidza kereke nekudzidzisa.

Zvino chimbofunga maitiro ehupenyu hwemashoko akadaro. Chokutanga chezvinhu izvi iparaganda (mabasa ekutsvaga zivo yakati). Chikamu chechipiri chinotambudza, apo munyori anonyatsoruramisa kushanduka kubva pakufungisisa kuita chiito chinoshanda. Pakupedzisira, nzira yechitatu ye propaganda homiletics inoshambadzira, iyo ine simba rinodzora kubudirira kwekushungurudzika.

Nhamba yezvinyorwa zvakanyorwa

Kwete nguva dzose munhu anoda kutaura zvinonzwika, anodzidza. Pashure pezvose, unokwanisa, semuenzaniso, kuverenga. Nenzira, maitiro ekunyora uye ruzha rwemashoko ndiwo maitiro ehurukuro yemuromo, anosvika pamutauro wakanyorwa. Mukuona kwekugadziriswa kwemitauro iyi yemashoko pamapepa, inomiririra magwaro ekunyora uye akashongedzwa. Sezvambotaurwa kare, kuongororwa kunogona kuitika muchimiro chekuverenga nyore. Neichi chimiro chekutaura, sekutonga, mashoko acho anongotaurwa chete, pasina kushandiswa mamwe mazwi uye chiso chemaziso. Kudzidza mhando dzemitauriro yemuromo, yechipiri yechikoro chevadzidzi vanosangana nezwi remitauro yakadai sekudzokorora. Kuverenga uku hakusi kushandiswa kwezvinyorwa zvinyorwa chete, asi kunotsanangura, kunyange kunyengedza, rhythmic sounding, sekutonga, yemabasa emifananidzo (kunyanya nhetembo).

Degree of readyiness

Pane chimwe chikonzero chekunyora kwemashoko emashoko. Saka, kupindura mubvunzo iwoyo, ndeapi mhando yemutauriro wemuromo, yechikoro chechipiri, zvichibva pane zivo yakawanikwa, inogona kutungamirira kuhutano hwekutaura zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekugadzirira kwayo. Kazhinji kazhinji mazwi ataurwa nesu anozivikanwa nekutsvaga uye anoumbwa zvishoma nezvishoma, mukutaurirana. Maitiro asina kugadzirirwa uye maitiro emutauriro wemuromo anowanzosangana, nokuti munhu mumwe nomumwe anotaurirana nevamwe vamiririri vevanhu vakawanda kupfuura kamwe kamwe pazuva. Ndiyo kukurukurirana kwemhuri kusingagoni kufungidzirwa kusati kwaitika, saka, kutaura kwekanganiso, kupera, kushandiswa kwemashoko akajeka uye mazwi anowanikwa kune mamwe ose aripo pano. Nekudaro, kutaura kwakagadzirirwa (somuenzaniso, mushumo) kunoratidzwa nekuvapo kwegadziriro yekutanga isati yakagadzirwa uye inogadzirwa.

Kunyatsocherechedza mashoko ose anopiwa munyaya ino, unogona kuuya nemhando dzinotevera dzemutauro wemuromo: kukurukurirana uye monologue; Kugadzirira uye kusati wagadzirira; Pre-kunyorwa, chirevo pamusoro pezvinyorwa uye magwaro.