Scientific inoshanda yeLomonosov

Mikhail V. Lomonosov mutsvakurudzi mukuru weRussia uyo anozivikanwa nokuda kwebasa rake rinoshamisa mune zvakasiyana-siyana masayenzi.

Uyu musayendisiti mukuru weRussia

Uyu munhu ane nhamba yakawanda yekuwana, iyo yakazove nechinje chinokosha pakuumbwa kwesayenzi yehurongwa. Yaiva Lomonosov uyo akava murume akawana kuti nyika Venus ine mhepo. Akanga ari wekutanga akatanga kudzidza chimiro chegirazi, nokudaro akaisa seni rose.

Musayendisiti akaberekwa muna 1711 muUmambo hweRussia, uye akafira muna 1765 muRussia. Akararama hupenyu hushoma, asi akakwanisa kusiya zvinhu zvizhinji shure kwake. Ndiani anoziva kuti zvakawanda zvakawanikwa sei zvingave zvakaitwa kana Mikhail Vasilyevich aigara kwemakore makumi emakore.

Isa munzvimbo

Zvose zvakawanikwa nemabasa akange akaitwa uye akanyorwa neasayendisiti weRussia anokosha zvikuru. Murume uyu aishamisa zvakasiyana-siyana, izvo zvakamubatsira kuti ave nekubudirira zvakafanana zvose mufizikiki uye mune mabhuku, kunyange zvazvo sciences idzi hadzina chinhu chakafanana. Mifananidzo yakawanda zhinji yakaratidza kuremekedza kwavo kuna Mikhail Vasilievich. Semuenzaniso, nyanzvi yezvemasvomhu Euler akanyora mumashoko ake kuti Lomonosov ane chipo chekupindura mubvunzo upi zvake, uyewo kubvunza mubvunzo iye oga angapindura. Nyanzvi yemasvomhu yakagara ichitaura kuti vanhu vakaita saMikhail Vasilyevich havasi kungoshanda chete nokuda kwesayenzi, asiwo vanokudza nyika yavo.

Munguva yeLomonosov, nhamba dzeRussia dzakanga dzisingatariswi munyika yesayenzi. Zvisinei, akakwanisa kuchinja zvinhu zvose. Mabasa eLomonosov akamanikidza vamwe vose vakadzidza kuti vaverengedze neRussia.

Proceedings on the history of Russia

Mabasa aLomonosov pamusoro peRussia akaratidza kuti akabudirira zvikuru. Akava wokutanga uyo akatora senzira yekutsvakurudza hupenyu hwevanhu muHurumende yekare yeRussia. Lomonosov akatsanangura nguva dzinokosha zvikuru munhoroondo yeRussia. Mukufunga kwake, kwaiva nematanho matanhatu anokosha akakanganisa nyika.

Mikhail Vasilyevich akatanga kusarudza kutsanangura chirevo cheSlavic-Chudskoy kubva kuRussia. Dzidziso yacho haina kubvumidzwa pakarepo, asi mushure mekunge imwe nguva yakabvumirana nayo.

Musayendisiti weRussia anonyora mabasa akawanda akabatanidzwa zvakananga nehutano hweRussia. Chimwe chezvakakurumbira chichava "Histori yekare yeRussia". Bhuku rino richazivikanwa kwete pano bedzi, asiwo mune dzimwe nyika dzeEurope. Gare gare richashandurwa mumitauro yakawanda uye rakabudiswa zvakare. Nokuti zvose zvaiitika, Lomonosov akabudirira mune zvose. Inoshanda pane nhoroondo yeRussia yayo chaiye uye mushure memazana emakore mashoma.

Pedagogical mabasa

Mabasa eLomonosov mumunda wekudzidzisa anofanirwa kunyatsotarisirwa. Izvo zvinobva pakuchengetedzwa kwemunhu. Mudzidzisi uyu akashanda kwenguva yakati seidzidzisi uye akaedza kushandisa pfungwa dzake mukuita. Chinangwa chikuru ndechekudzidzisa zvakanaka vechidiki. Akaita zvakawanda nokuda kwekufambira mberi kwekudzidzisa, mushure mekunge kwemakore gumi akave nekugadzirisa zvakanakira.

Musayendisiti akadzokorora zvakare kuti kuitira kudzidzisa mwana chimwe chinhu, anoda mumwe munhu kutaura. Akakwanisa kuratidza kuti dzidzo yezvikamu zvose yakakosha uye yakabatana. Musayendisiti aivimba nemitemo yevanhu, nyika uye democracy.

Nguva dzose aisimudzira kuti dzidzo inofanira kuwanika kune vose. Aida kuti zvikoro zvakawanda zvivhurwe uye vana vose vaigona kudzidza masayenzi ezvidzidzo.

Mikhail Vasilievich ane pfungwa yekugadzira hoteti yevadzidzi vekurovedza muviri. Akatenda kuti zvingave zvichibvira kupa nguva yakawanda yekudzidza. Achitenda kwaari, mairasiyamu aya akaparadzaniswa muchiRussia neLatin.

Lomonosov akanyatsoteerera sayenzi uye dzidzo. Mabasa ekudzidzisa haatitauri kusava nechokwadi. Uye kuedza kwakanga kusiri pasina, mabasa ake akazotorwa sechikonzero, uye ipapo dzidzo yeRussia yakagadzirwa maererano navo.

Proceedings in grammar

Mikhail Vasilievich ndiye ane bhuku rakanzi "Russian Grammar", umo mavhesi echiRussia akaiswa. Kunyatsoteerera kunofanira kubhadharwa kumabasa esayenzi eLomonosov muchigiramu. Kubva pamabasa evanyori vekare, pamwe nemimwe mitemo inobva kune dzimwe nyika. Lomonosov akaparadzanisa mutauro weRussia neSlavonic yeChechi. Kunyange zvazvo mitauro yakanga yakafanana, asi kwekanguva yakave yakasiyana zvachose. Mushure mezvo, Russian yakatanga kukura nokukurumidza.

Mudzidzisi uyu akaongorora mazwi akawanda nemitsara uye akaita zvimwe zvikonzero zvichienderana nemigumisiro. Mushure mekunge ainyatsodzidza mutauro, uye iyo yakakurumbira "Russian Grammar" yakabuda. Sangano rakasangana nebhuku racho nechido, uye Lomonosov akava "wekutanga mutauro weRussia". Mune ramangwana, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinyorwa dzakanyora mabhuku, dzichivimba zvizere nezvinyorwa zvake.

Proceedings mumunda wephilology

Lomonosov akatanga kudzidza philology, achida kusimudza huwandu hwekutaura kwevanhu. Akashamiswa apo munhu anogona kugadzikana uye nekunyatsogadzirisa mafungiro ake nekukurukurira kune vamwe. Kwenguva yakareba Lomonosov akaunganidza ruzivo rwakakosha, pamusoro pacho paakanyora bhuku pamusoro pekunyoresa. Yakanzi "Rhetoric". Izvo zvakaita kuti kunyange vanhu vasina kudzidza vave nepfungwa yezvinorehwa kutaura zvakanaka uye zvakarurama.

Mikhail Lomonosov murume akasika rurimi rwemitauro. Akanga ari wekutanga kuita izvi, nokuti pamberi pake mutauro weRussia wakanga usingafariri zvinyorwa zvemazuva iwayo. Kana mudzidzi wacho asina kudzidza, zvichida vanhu vakashandisa Chechi yeSlavonic munzvimbo dzakawanda kwemakore mazhinji. Lomonosov's philological works yakaita basa rinokosha mukusimudzirwa kwetsika yemutauro.

Proceedings mumunda wezvoupfumi

Mikhail Lomonosov akakurira mumhuri mavakagara vachitarisa zvakanyanya upenyu. Kuonekwa kwakadaro akacherechedza hupfumi hwenyika, iyo yakazvipira kumabasa mazhinji. Pakati pavo, zvinowanzoita kuti mazita akadaro ainzi Lomonosov ashandiswe mune zvehupfumi: "Pamusoro pekuberekwa nekuchengetedzwa kwevanhu veRussia", "Pakugadziriswa kwekurima", "Pakugadziriswa uye kubereka kwezvishandiso uye zvigadzirwa", "Pamusoro pekushandiswa kwevatengesi", "Pakupfuura kwehupfumi hwehurumende "," Kuchengetedzwa kweunyanzvi hwemauto panguva yorugare rwenguva refu. "

Academician aive akakosha kuti hupfumi hwehurumende yake ndeyei. Akatenda kuti kune nyika yakasimba, zvakakosha kukudziridza mhizha, kureva, metallurgy.

Akatsigirawo zvemazuva ano zvekurima uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzebhizimisi dzinoita kuti hupfumi huve hwakasimba uye hwakasununguka.

Nzvimbo inokosha mubasa rezvemari reLomonosov raive nechinetso chehuwandu hwevanhu. Akatenda kuti hurumende ichava yakasimba apo kune vanhu vazhinji vakadzidza mairi. Panguva imwecheteyo, akaziva kuti mune ramangwana vanhu vazhinji vanogona kutamba joke hutsinye. Nokuda kwekusimbiswa kwehupfumi uye nyika, zvakakosha kuzarura masangano ekudzidzisa kuitira kuti vanhu vagone kuzviziva ivo uye vabatsire kuvaka simba rakasimba.

Mune rimwe remabhuku masayendisiti akabata panyaya yekufamba. Akatenda kuti dhizimusi iyi inoda kukurudzirwa uye inotengeswa zvikuru. Izvi zvakakosha kuitira kuti Russia inopinda munyika yekutengeserana kwepamusoro, uyewo kubvisa maminera muPacific, Siberia neNorth. Kuburikidza nenzvimbo idzi,, maererano nemabasa ake, inofanira kutakura nzira huru yekufambisa.

Lomonosov yakabata hurukuro yekuparidzirwa kwemashoko akaenzana nehupfumi. Chimwe chezvaaifunga ndechokubudiswa kwemapepanhau aigona kubvumira vose vagari venyika kuti vazive nezvemamiriro ehupfumi.

Basa raLomonosov mumunda uyu rakapa kutanga kune kusimba kwehupfumi hwakasimba uye hwakagadzikana huchaonekwa muRussia nguva pfupi mushure mekufa kwesayendisiti.

Zvishoma pamusoro pezvimwe zvakakosha zvechikoro

Lomonosov akaita zvakawanda zvakawanikwa mumunda wemitauro nemabhuku. Haisi chakavanzika chokuti kwaari chakanga chiri chechipiri, nokuti mudzidzi wechikoro ainyanya kukoshesa kumunda wesayenzi yechisikigo. Akanga akafadzwa nefizikiki, meteorology, nyeredzi, makemiti, dzimwe sciences.

Nguva pfupi asati afa, Lomonosov akakwanisa kuona chimwe chinhu chakanga chisati chakwanisa kuitwa nomunhu. Kuwanikwa kwaiva kuti Venus, inoshanduka, ine mhepo yakakomberedza pachayo. Hapana wevadzidzi vekudenga vaikwanisa kuona ichi chiitiko, kunze kweLomonosov. Chiitiko chacho chakaitwa muna 1761 gore.

Kuyeuka kwemunhu

Izvo zvose mabasa aLomonosov akakodzera kurumbidzwa kwakasiyana, iye ndeevo vashoma masayendisiti makuru vechokwadi vane zita ravana vanoyeuka kwemakore mazhinji akawanda.

Nhasi dzakawanda zvidzidzo zvinounza zita resainzi anyanzvi. Muna 1956, mishonga yake yakagadzirwa, iyo inongogona kuwanikwa nemashizha akakurumbira akashanda mumunda wekemiti uye dzimwe sciences yemasikirwo.

Nokuti zvose zvaiitika, Lomonosov akabudirira mune zvose. Proceedings pamusoro penhoroondo yeRussia yakanyatsoitika uye shure kwemazana emakore akawanda.