Mhinduro yakarurama kumubvunzo "Nei Petersburg inodanwa saizvozvo?"

Pakutanga, mubvunzo wekuti "Sei St. Petersburg inodanwa?" - inonzwika, zvishoma, inoshamisa. Guta rinotungamirirwa naPeter I, iro, mumutauro wezvino, rinogona kuva "Westerner", rinogona kudanwa here? Kupfuura kurovedza muEurope, iyo yakanga yatotanga kuva magetsi ekufambisa mberi, mambo mukuru haana kukotama pamberi payo, asi aida kuendesa zvose zvakaitwa kunyika yeRussia.

Mhinduro dzechimiro

Sei chiSt. Petersburg inodanwa saizvozvo? Nemhaka yemakore makumi maviri nemaviri - kubva pazuva rekuvakwa kwezvigaro zvekutanga zvePeter naPauro Fortress uye kusvikira pazuva rokufa kwake - Peter I akanga ari kuita basa rokuvaka paradhiso yake, "paradhiso" yake, guta rezviroto zvake. Pamberi penhare yakaradzikwa kwemazuva matatu, nekubatanidzwa kweMambo pachake, muDutch wekugadzira uye mauto akawanda, kubva Mayi 12 kusvikira pa15, "Peter's Lodge", iyo yehosi yeimba yekuzhizha, yakavakwa.

Sei chiSt. Petersburg inodanwa saizvozvo? Nemhaka yehuta yedare yemurume uyu ari munzvimbo dzakasara dzemvura dzinotyisa, pamutengo wehupenyu hwezviuru zvevanhu, guta rinodiwa zvakakosha kuRussia - "gedhi regungwa" idzva rakavakwa. Nokuti bhiriji rokutanga riri pamusoro pemurairo weNeva rakagadzirwa naPeter uye akatumidzwa zita rake, wekutanga yevashambadzi-yadhi yakatangwa naye, yekutanga kambani yebhizimisi iyo iye pachake aiva mutyairi, akafamba "kumba" kwake, iyo yaakagadzawo.

Saka mukuremekedza waSt. Petersburg anonzi ani? Vanhu vaidzidza muzvikoro zveSoviet vachiri kuyeuka nhetembo pamusoro peNapoleon zvisina maturo vakamirira mafuro eMoscow vane kiyi kubva kuKremlin, uye pfungwa yokuti munhu haagoni kuziva kuti ndiani uye ndezvipi mitsara yakatsaurirwa: "... pachava neguta rakaiswa ... "Yakananga ndeyekuti Indaneti inopa mukana wekutora nhanho-ne-nhanho nzvimbo dzezvakaitika kare.

Chikanganiso chezvose ndechekuti Soviet ideology

Ichokwadi ndechekuti yakanga isiri tsika muUSSR kuti kusimbise kukosha kwechitendero muhupenyu hweRussia isati yachinja. Hazvina kumbofunga kuti kukwidziridzwa kweLeningrad, "guta rekuvandudza rukudzo," ingadai rave rakatsaurirwa kumuapositori, harina kumbobvira ratidza kuti nei St. Petersburg yakatumidzwa saizvozvo. Yakanga ichitenderwa chete kuti yakavakwa naPetro. Nokudaro mibvunzo inomuka muhuduku, iyo isingazivikanwi nechinangwa chekugadzirisa zvakare. Kunyanya sezvo guta racho rakabatwa pakutanga senzvimbo huru yekudzidzisa, iyo pakarepo pakarepo yakafanana nemachechi nematemberi, dzidzo dzekudzidzisa dzakavakwa uye vadzidzisi veEurope vakagadziriswa kuti vawane mari yakawanda. Uye izvi zvose zvakaitwa pasi pekutarisa kweumambo weumambo. Mubvunzo ungamuka sei, Sei chiSt. Petersburg inodanwa saizvozvo? Mhinduro yacho iri pamusoro pepamusoro: nokuti Petro akazvivakira, dzimwe nguva kunyange neruoko rwake, kusimudzira mweya wevaki, vanoendeswa kubva kumativi ose enyika.

Ichokwadi chezvinhu zvezvinhu

Chimwe chinhu ndechokuti zita reguta rakapiwa nehuwandu hwekuvandudza pachake, kupa mwana wake kumuapostora Petro, munun'una mukuru waAndrew wekutanga-anonzi, mutariri wevabati vehove uye vafambisi vegungwa. Uyo, kana asiri iye, mudzidzi anodikamwa waJesu, aigona kuzvitsaurirwa kunhare yakavakirwa pamhenderekedzo kuGungwa reBaltic, kunyanya kubvira apo muapositori akanga ari ngirozi yekudzivirira yamambo pachake. Nokudaro, "guta reSt. Peter" rakavakwa uye rakagadzirwa. Ndokusaka St. Petersburg yakatumidzwa saizvozvo. Zvimwe izvi zvinogamuchirwa kune nzeve dzekushandura kweEurope vatengesi vezita reRussia. Yakagadzirwa se "hwindo reEurope", guta racho raifanira kuva rakanakisisa kune zvekutengeserana, rakagadzirirwa kukurudzira kukura kwemaindasitiri ekuRussia, ayo akanga asina kumbosvika kumhenderekedzo dzekumusoro.

Nhoroondo yezvinodiwa zveguta

MunaOctober 1702, nhare yeSweden yeNotenburgh yakatorwa, uye musi waMay 1 wegore iroro nhare yeNienstantz yakanga yawa - nzira yekuenda kuGungwa reBaltic yakazarurwa. Asi Hondo Yenyika, kana Imakore Makumi makumi maviri, yakatanga muna 1700, yakagara kusvikira muna 1721. Russia yakabata kune rumwe rutivi rwekubatanidzwa kwehurumende dzakarwa nehegemony yeSweden. Vhura nzira kuenda kunyika dzeNyakadzi yeEurope - zvishomanana, zvaive zvakakosha kuti tive nekutarisa kumahombekombe eBaltic.

Peter naPaul Fortress, yakagadzirirwa paHree Hare Island, pakatarisana nemaoko maviri maNeva makuru, yakagamuchirwa sechinhu chinangwa chinangwa. Guta racho, richivakwa kwakapoteredza, rakarondedzerwa senhare yekuchamhembe uye tsika yeRussia. Nhoroondo yepasi rose inoziva mienzaniso mizhinji apo mutongi ari munharaunda dzakakundwa munguva shoma yakadaro akavaka guta rakanaka kudaro, apo mabwe ose nemhepo zvakasimbiswa nezita remambo mukuru weRussia. Ichokwadi kuti guta rekumusoro rakatsaurirwa uye rakatumidzwa mukuremekedza muapositori mutsvene, asi kana mubvunzo wacho unomuka nei guta reSt. Petersburg raitumidzwa kudaro, pfungwa yekutanga inouya mupfungwa yakabatana chete nemufananidzo weGreat Peter.