Mi-24 - Army Kurwisa neherikoputa. Mi-24 (neherikoputa): Magadzirirwo

The kuenda neherikoputa Mauto uye mamwe mapiyona dzakabatana dziri chiitiko hondo vanofanira aite rwisana mishoni shure muvengi mitsetse. Vari zvakanaka vakadzidziswa, zvakanaka akashongedzerwa, asi kukwanisa kuti atongerwe rufu kana kutapwa, kana vasiri rutsigiro rakakodzera zvicharangarirwa. Marines ndiparadzemo zvitengeswa uye zvinogona chete nesimba ravo pachavo. hondo yokutanga iyo massively kushandiswa helicopters kununura manpower, nenhumbi, vakauraya uye akuvadzwa kubvisa, uyewo kurova pasi huru, yakanga Vietnamese. MuSoviet Union pakati muchiuto mukuru nenyanzvi munguva 60s vakaramba gakava nezvouchenjeri nokukwereta the American ruzivo. Pakupedzisira akakundwa vatsigiri "muhombe-bapiro vamabhiza", asi vamwe ndishushikane. Kuratidzwa muSoviet pfungwa yaiva Mi-24 - mumwe neherikoputa chakagadzirirwa nemabasa maviri revarwi - the kumhara uye kurwisa.

Musiyano pfungwa reuto neherikoputa muna USSR uye USA

American ruzivo kwaibva specialization ose rotorcraft rwokugadzira. Most akashandisa "bhiza" US Air vamabhiza aiva akakurumbira "Huey» Uh-1 (aizivikanwawo "Iroquois" - duku muchina, chiine asi wakapamhama). Chimwe mukana "kubhururuka jipi" akanga incredible akavimbika ake uye survivability (iyi iye chaizvoizvo rakafanana "Willis"). Hazvina neherikoputa ichi yacho mauto, akapa zvombo uye zvose unofanira, dzimwe nguva zvakananga muhondo uye pasi moto. On the "Huey" akatora vakakuvadzwa. Iye pachake vaizoita kavha kumativi ose akagadzwa kukaseti pamwe zvitundumuseremusere, uye kuburikidza mukova murwi akanga kupfura. Zvisinei, wakazara kukanganisa kuti herikoputa hazvigoni zita, mukana zviri zvishoma. Saka, vari vaviri pamwe nayo kazhinji vakashanda "Cobra» AH-1. muchina uyu aiva anenge kufanana ne "Huey" simba chirimwa, asi vamwe akasiyana chaizvo. Housing dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya-yakatetepa, warrior, bara girazi Lantern mu uta kufambira-vachiridzira pfuti, uye kumativi wamapapiro, pylons - zvakasimbisa Missiles. The nezvaanogona awa michina zviviri vaifanira nokubatanidza Mi-24 neherikoputa, warrior vashandi vatakuri, akatsunga neDare vagadzwa akakurumbira ndege wakachenjera Mikhail thousand.

departmental kusawirirana

ML thousand vaipiwa ruzivo pakuvaka rotorcraft rwokugadzira. Vakatanga muchina aida aite rugare basa, asiwo CB kudzivirira inokanganikwa. neherikoputa munyika yokutanga, akashongedzerwa pamwe akavaka-mumaoko zviduku, aiva Mi-4, akasikwa 1949. Nenhumbi dzayo kunoshamisa ndege kuita uye unhu muchina uyu yechipiri yezana sixties yatova anofanira kutsiviwa. Asi Michael L. akaenda, akataura chido chake kuvaka isina kumboitika motokari uye vakataura Bazi Kutsigira USSR nomushumo yaitaura kwayo hwokugadzira pfungwa (1967). It chaionekwa ambiguously. General Epishev akadana urongwa maturo uye akatovapa yokusima mukuru akagadzira kuti herikoputa uye ugozvitumira kumwe kune hondo. Asi General nenyundo, uyo akatungamirira CRI-30 uye kunzwisisa michina zvinoumba zvimwe enyika dhipatimendi mukuru, kufarira pfungwa. Pakupedzisira, vatsigiri itsva pfungwa kukunda, uye tri kutanga kugadzirira ayo panyaya panguva ufanane michina Conceptual kugadzira. Saka muna 1968, akakwakuka ari Mi-24, Army kurwisa neherikoputa vaine rokununura paratroopers dhipatimendi, razova "nejichidza rwiyo" Michael thousand. Kusvikira Payakapera kunoshamisa mugadziri haana kurarama.

New rwokugadzira pfungwa

Compositional dzenhoroondo zano akasarudzwa aine rotor rine mashizha mashanu (sezvo ari Ni-8, asi mapfupi zvishoma pane) a chipande matatu hwindimiri uye gozvo akatakura pamusoro kuguma muswe tiguu. The chassis kwakasarudzwa kuti retractable nokuda akavandudzika aerodynamics. Novelty runoonekwa tilting akabatana ari rotor kwete mberi chete (4,5 °), asi laterally (rightward) kuti madhigirii maviri nehafu, nokuti kukwana muripo torque munguva yakananga kutiza. Kokutanga akasuma nzvimbo maoko opareta. Akatakura bapiro, nokuderedza huni kudyiwa nokuda simba Nokusimudzwa kwave kureva Ni-6 zvakagadzirwa. Got uye Mi-24 neherikoputa kwava kugadzikana, pashure akapa kunaka V-zvakaumbwa. The simba chirimwa pamwe yedzimudzangara kazhinji akakweretwa kubva Mi-8 nevamwe kuchinja yakafanira kurwisa kugadzwa muchina mutsva.

patani

Two turbine michini, TV3-117 (vemazuva neshanduro) of 2200 "mabhiza" mumwe. Akasarudzwa museve uye vatyairi vari akaronga tandemly-tiers, vamwe misha akabatana kuti symmetry mamwe ongororo. Driving vashandi pekugara kakawanda kupatsanurwa, ari Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri shanduro mainjiniya havana kuuya pakarepo. Bara girazi ane sandara pamberi penyika zvakakonzera zvimwe muchiuto kusonganirana girazi, nokuti paiva mumwe kurongwa mazita Mi-24. The neherikoputa ane tamba remadunhu- "garwe" akawanda (pamwe elongated siluetti pamusoro hachingafambipo), "Galina" uye kunyange "nondo" (hadzi - saka pachena nokukurumidza, akanzi NATO Nyanzvi zvechiuto).

Panguva mutyairi kungava makanika, akapa kusvetuka chigaro, asi mune chaiwo kurwisana mamiriro ayo ndege hapasi kutora naye.

Akatevera mupanda, akadana nhumbi, zvaiisa varume vasere zvizere giya. The muswe Chikamu izere michina uye niches nokuda huru mbiru retracted mamiriro.

Finalization of neherikoputa

Mukutanga 1970, akafa ML tri. New mukuru mugadziri M. N. Tischenko akanga atanga kupedza hama bhizimisi mukuru. matambudziko Enough. Lantern Glazed iro ndege shanduro yokutanga inonzi "Biravira" kana "girazi", hazvina kubudirira chaizvo, uyewo nzvimbo zvigaro taita. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu hakuna saka kunaka uye lateral pakusimba. Panguva fekitari gungano shopu wokutanga Mi-24 neherikoputa zvombo akanga asati apiwa. Padariro kupera chinhu chisinganzwisisiki "Storm" uye kufambira-moto pfuti. Kwakasarudzwa kumisa kusvikira 2 ATGM "Phalanx-M." Machine pfuti K-4 yaishandiswawo kwenguva pfupi, akanga atova mubasa pamwe Mi-4 uye Mi-8. Zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti kushongedzera muchina NUPS zvinogumbura uye kusunungura giya. Wokupedzisira chimiro, anozivikanwa nhasi munyika, kurwiswa neherikoputa Mi-24 inowanikwa 1973. Munguva wakaisvonaka-Tuning, akanga yakatsiviwa vakawanda maindex. nguva yose iyi yainzi "chigadzirwa" (nezvikonzero chinodyiwa pakavanda) nenhamba (245, 244, 246).

ndege waivako

By ayo parameters muchina kana musingadi kufungawo kukwanisa kwayo kutakura mauto, pedyo ndege-storming yehondo.

cruising havukavu (270 km / h) uye kunonyanyisa (335 km / h), kunyange zvishoma kuvatumwa kuti yakakurumbira "ichibhururuka tangi" IL-2. Practical ndege-siyana 450? Km. Chinokosha kushanda sirin'i - 1400 m, asi kana zvakafanira (kunyanya nomumakomo) The muchina anokwanisa kukwira dzinenge 5 km. Pane imwe neherikoputa uto Mi-24 unopisa 780 litres pamusoro eparafini Chokwadi, kupfuura "rehurumende" mukoma Mi-8.

achirema mikana

Chiedza haagoni kunzi muchina. In vakawanda kuti vakawanda kugadzira features, kuchengetedza uye kuburitsa mufananidzo mitambo anatsiridze rakavimbika pakuparwa kukuvara zvinoriumba uye nemagungano. ezvinhu ichi akapa nheyo mune remangwana, vamwe vanamazvikokota uto vakatsoropodza ari Mi-24. Technical zvechadenga nokudenga wemapoka muchina havana akanakisisa kuvhundutsa kuti chikwata. Panyaya iyi, zvingangoita kumhara, zvakare, aizvininipisa - vanosvika varwi sere (nokuti kuenzanisa, "Iroquois" zvinotora mungarava vanhu 14, uye Vietnam akanga uye zvakawanda ekisipoti akuvara). Zvisinei, zvinobvira hunyambiri-kushandisa muchina aiva zvakwakanakira. chinhu neherikoputa anoyera matani 7,58. For kunonyanyisa yasimuka uremu zvakafanira kuwedzera matani matatu (inokwana Matangi zvose) uye kurwa payload matani 2,4 (kwete diki). Mumwe havafaniri kukanganwa kuti vashandi kubva kumhara uyewo haana incorporeal. Total goho vanenge 11.5 matani.

ruzivo First - Ethiopia

vemo kusawirirana zhinji zvombo kwakaitika mukupera manonwe. Mune mumwe wavo, asi Somali muEtiopiya-hondo muna 1978, yokutanga "Simuka chiedza kuti" Mi-24. Technical date rakanyatsojeka kunoenderana hunhu kurwa, hazvina yakabudirira "akashanda" pamusoro neshongwe warrior motokari uye mafungiro enyika Somali mauto, rubatsiro kweuto muEtiopiya akapa Cuban vezvikepe vanozvipira, vakadzidziswa muSoviet Union. The chombo chikuru muhondo iyi vaiva unguided zvitundumuseremusere S-5. Muvengi vakatadza gurunurai imwe neherikoputa, akarasikirwa zviumbu inoverengeka pasi kurwisa reAsmara yendege, apo ndege mukoti vachishandisa. Asi chikuru muhondo ruzivo raiva pamberi ...

Achiita basa dzakawanda

Kubvira pakupera 1979, revarwi neherikoputa Mi-24 akava zvachose mugari inopisa Afghan denga. Operating mamiriro pano vakanga kwete rinorema, vanogona kunzi hero. Guruva, jecha uye tsvina zvakakuvadza turbine mashizha, Nokuraramisa inowanzoshandiswa kuitwa pasina kucherechedza rwokugadzira mirayiro. Asi zvose "nyika" matambudziko akarovererwa tichienzanisa unexposed izvo michina pasi ne Mujahideen zviumbu nezuva uye Hourly. Maererano vechikamu zhinji remapazi nemauto, zvaizobudirira chiratidzo hondo Afghan vakava chete Mi-24. The neherikoputa akanga kufukidza kumhara nemapoka hondo, anobudiswa vavandire kubvisa zviumbu Nursi akapfura uye wakabhombwa nzvimbo mhosva akavakirirwa nzvimbo. Zvakaoma kuona basa rake muhondo, uyewo nhamba varwi vakarega upenyu.

"Garwe" kunze

Mushure disintegration masimba Soviet uto neherikoputa Mi-24, yakavakwa rekodhi nhamba (3.5 ths. Hrs.), At kurasa anenge zvose rekuUnited States. Uyezve, iye ari hondo kunyika dzinopfuura gumi nembiri maviri, kusanganisira zvekumwe - Senegal, Sierra Leone uye Myanmar. Around iye asina kumira simbe. Manage pamwe hama nyore (izvo kwese kuti Soviet ndege production), zviri vane mwero ichishanda, uye kurwisana kushanda zvishoma ndege yakafanana anogona kusapfuudza Mi-24 neherikoputa. unhu ayo Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kuti chiito muhondo vemo. Muna 1982, ivo Iraqi mutyairi wendege kunyange vakakwanisa chitundumuseremusere salvo yakarova supersonic ndege F-4 "Phantom" of Iranian Air Force.

Shandisa ichi rotor neherikoputa uye achiita vanoyamura vanhu uye Mediation pamusoro UN mishoni, umo zvakafamba aisiya chena. To hondo "Shrek" akanga maviri nehafu gumi hondo. Vamwe vavo kuramba nhasi.

zvokutambisa

Saka yakakurumbira motokari, inozivikanwa kwayo mamirire siluetti mberi romunyika yose yakanga zvakamirira basa "nyeredzi." Muna mbiri dhazeni yevhidhiyo somumwe vatambi dzinobatanidzwa Mi-24. Army Kurwisa neherikoputa vakava gamba mafirimu zvose zvinoyevedza uye vhidhiyo. vakasiyana isingadhuri yezvifananidzo ake anobudiswa neZvapupu yemakambani zhinji kushandisa anogadzira zvinhu modular zvivezwa uye Layouts. Nhasi hazvishamisi Saka, kuti pakaunda inogona zvakabayirwa mutengi RC neherikoputa Mi-24, izvo zvinogona kumhanya kure kuzvidzora. Zvakanaka, vanhu vanoda kutamba voynushki ...