Moscow. Bolshaya Ordynka

History of Moscow hahugoni kuvapo pasina nhoroondo mumigwagwa hunoumba ayo kare, zvanhasi uye nezveramangwana. Big Ordynka - kupangidza dzevanhu yemberi kwevatongi uye vapristi, vananyanduri uye vaimbi, vatengesi uye ezvivako, kuipandukira uye nyore vanoshanda nesimba, pakupedzisira akasarudza magetsi chitarisiko mumugwagwa. Zvakafanana Chronicle, umo zvinoita kuronda nhoroondo kuitika kwete chete muna Zamoskvorechye, asi zvose pamusoro Moscow.

Panowanikwa zita

Big Ordynka akazviratidza XIV remakore uye ndiyo imwe mumigwagwa kupfuura yekare guru. Pane shanduro mbiri huru pamusoro kwaita rokuti. Chokutanga - pamwe payo kamwe nzira vakatakura mutero inounganidzwa kuRussia, kuti Khan Yechinwiwa Horde akamhanya. Wechipiri, maererano dzekare, zvikuru hwakavimbika Version - akararama pano Horde, vane mabasa vakanga anonzi hurukuro mutero, akasungirirawo wokuRussia zvemisoro kuna Horde.

nyaya

Kunyange muMoscow zvakaoma kuwana nzvimbo kuti ingadai yakapfuura kuburikidza munhau zhinji kudaro, sezvinoonekwa pamusoro wayo nhoroondo refu, Bolshaya Ordynka. On yakanga kamwe vakapfuura Crimean Khan Giray Davlet, iye achiri kuyeuka Napoleon Zvinetso nguva uye moto 1812, uyewo echimurenga zvakaitika 1917.

vagari varo vokutanga vakanga "mutero vanhu" vakaungana kuyambuka muganhu Russia mutero kuna Golden Horde, uye kunyange vaturikiri - vashanduri mutauro wechiTatar. Pashure Suburban muoti kwave ramiswa, zvakatanga kugadzirisa vanoremekedzwa vezvikwata, vafundisi paavhareji, vatengesi uye mhizha. Chaiwo muzinda Moscow nyika mitengo akanga akakwirira, uye saka hazvisi kuwanikwa vanhu ava, uye nokuda Moscow River munzvimbo dzaiva isingadhuri. Zvimwe zvivako iyoyo vachiri vakamira.

Pamugumo XIX remakore paiva dzakawanda zvivako furati, kushanda kuna October Revolution, uye gare gare mumugwagwa. Big Ordynka wava chimwe chezvinhu mhosva mumaruwa Moscow, apo akaunganidza zvose Zamoskvoretskaya punks.

Panguva Great Patriotic War, mumugwagwa akanga zvishoma ichaparadzwa kubhomba. On-nzvimbo dzakaparadzwa chose zvivakwa akavaka zvitsva nezvitsaru kwete kubata.

Zvinofanira akati kuti anenge asina kuchinja, pasinei nokuti panguva ariko Soviet Union pachayo guru rose zvakachinjira.

aripiko

Big Ordynka iri muna Central Administrative District of Moscow, iyo rinopfuurira kubva Serpukhov Square kuti Zvikanganiso Moscow River zambuko. Ndiro huru padare Zamoskvorechie. Its kureba zviduku uye 1,73 chete? Km kure, asi pane vazhinji zvenhoroondo monument - temberi mashanu, matunhu akawanda, dzimba uye dzimba dzokugara. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti ichi ndicho chete mumugwagwa, iro akakwanisa kuchengetedza zvose kuvakwa munharaunda yechechi.

Catherine temberi musi Martyr

It riri mumba nhamba 60/2, Bolshaya Ordynka Moscow. Kutaurwa chokutanga kudzokera yematanda Church musi 1612 gore. Martyr mumazuva iwayo yainzi arable nyika zvaiva kunze kweguta, saka Catherine temberi vakapupurira kurwa Dmitriya Pozharskogo uye Hetman Chodkiewicz. Vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika vanofunga kuti hondo huru akatora nzvimbo pano Nguva Troubles, waiva pakutanga kusunungurwa Russia kubva Polish nechisimba.

chechi hwakawanda huripo pakati Baroque manyorerwo yakavakwa muna 1766-1775 pasi chirongwa K. Blank. Akavaka idzva basa pedyo mutana bhero shongwe uye vakabatana navo.

Temple Catherine akapona kwete chete yokutambudzika, asiwo nechisimba Napoleon, asi kana hurumende yeSoviet yakavharwa uye bhero shongwe kuparadzwa. Kwekanguva mukamuri yake raishandiswa senzira musangano.

Zvino Catherine temberi kumhanya nenzira yeOrthodox mu America. Pano vanoiswa pedyo kuzvidhori yavatsvene American uye Russian, uye basa iri dzimwe nguva kuitwa Chirungu.

Temple of Amai vaMwari "Mufaro All Who Kusuwa"

Stone chechi yakanga yakavakwa makore 1683-85 panzvimbo apo kamwe kereke St. Varlaam Khutyn akamira. By 1791 kuwedzererwa dzakawanda dzakaitwa, kusanganisira-Tiered matatu bhero shongwe, chinoitirwa akitekiti V. Bazhenov ari dzekare manyorerwo. Muna 1836, ivo murongedzeri Beauvais O richangobva temberi, asi muna Empire manyorero. Gare gare, panguva moto 1812 zvakanga zvaparadzwa, uye ipapo kaviri kupfuura yoku- - muna 1814 uye 1904.

Mukutonga Soviet hurumende - muna 1933 - chechi yakavharwa, uye zvose zvitare kubviswa. Panguva Great Patriotic War mumba make vakachengeta reservists Tretyakov Gallery. Mukupera 40-ies temberi yakavhurwazve pakunamata. Zvino kana kunoshanda pakunamata uye dzidzo muzinda unonzi "Kukwidzwa".

Panguva iyoyo, Bolshaya Ordynka haana kuvakwa. Takasarudza kudzorera, kuchengeta nhoroondo refu ari reserved chikamu Moscow. Maererano nepurani, pashure pokudzorerwa munhu akadzivirirwa enhoroondo kota pre-Petrine nguva ichaparadzwa akasika pano - kubva Museum mutsa, riri pachena.