Moss akwariyamu: zvakasiyana-siyana uye inonyanya kufarirwa mhando. How kukura Moss akwariyamu

The unoshamisa pakuonekwa chero tangi hakunei pamberi zvekumwe vagere, uye ayo Clearance kubva yakaisvonaka nakuyenda. Gadzira rakasiyana pemvura mukati - kushanda anonakidza uye zvinonakidza. Nokuti chinangwa ichi ose decoration zvinhu uye Chokwadi, akasiyana-siyana miti, kusanganisira nzvimbo rukudzo Moss akwariyamu. Izvi mitema dzezvimwe ndivo vane mwero chaizvo kuti zvinhu yevasungwa, asi vane yakakwirira aesthetic kukosha, nokuti yaakanga apiwa nokudenga pamutemo aquarists.

Kusiyana bryophytes

kupararira mhuri All Moss ndezvaJehovha mukirasi dzakakwirira zvinomera, asi ivo vari kupfuura chinyakare vavo. Muchiitiko chino, vakaonekwa kwokutanga zvikuru kupfuura zvimwe zvirimwa - anenge mamiriyoni 440 apfuura. Parizvino, pane anenge 10,000 mhando mosses, izvo rakakamurwa makirasi zvikuru zvitatu:

• Bryophyta - mosses chaivo
• Marchantiophyta - liverworts
• Anthocerotophyta - antotserotovye.

Nheyo kupatsanura inobva nevamwe zviri chitarisiko chikwindi Somuenzaniso, ari muchimiro mashizha madzinde, kuvapo mutsinga dziri mashizha branching hunhu madzinde, etc. Somuenzaniso, kusiyanisa pakati liverworts nemamwe marudzi anongoti: .. Havana madzinde, mashizha uye midzi .

kukura mamiriro mossy

Hwemvura mosses, mifananidzo zviri kukurukurwa pazasi, hunokwanisa nyore chero dzinogarisana mamiriro. mhando Most zvingabudirira kurarama mumvura tembiricha siyana +15 ... +30 ° C. The jekeso pamwero zvakare kwete dzinonetsa chokuratidza semvura pokuoma. Chinhu bedzi kunoda zvose zvinogara mumvura miriwo, chikwindi kusanganisira - kwenguva nenguva haasaruri yokuvandudzwa mvura (20-30% of yose) kupa matsva zvicherwa.

Nokuti rooting pamusoro bryophytes idzva substrate vari akasungirwa, privalivayut matombo maduku uye kunyange namatidza. Zvisinei, pane mhando akwariyamu mosses kuti murege kunyange kwekanguva parumananzombe.

Zvose pamusoro zvivako zviri mosses kuvaita-chinja zvinhu nokuda akwariyamu kushongedzwa.

Decorative ehupfumi kuti mosses

bryophytes Most vane pfupi zvirimwa, idzo kashoma kupfuura 4-5 cm. Asi pane akasiyana akwariyamu mosses, izvo vachikura hafu mita.

Mosses havana chokwadi madzinde mashizha. Parts zvinomera kuti akafanana madzinde, akadana kaulidiyami uye mashizha - phylloids.

The emhando dzakawanda zvinowanzovapo akwariyamu mosses ndezvaJehovha mukirasi mosses izvi. Handizvo kare akwariyamu kushandisa vashoma mhando zvinomera izvi, asi nhasi dzavo mazita akaita kuwedzerwa yekudyidzana. Pazasi ndivo anonakidza zvikuru akwariyamu mosses, mapikicha izvo zvichakubatsira kuti kuongorora kwavo kwazvo decoration ehupfumi. Next, isu funga inonyatsobudirira uye dzakakurumbira mhando.

Moss Phoenix

Zita akwariyamu chikwindi Phoenix akagamuchira pachangu muchimiro parutivi mashizha, izvo iri elongated mundiro-kufanana kunozivikanwa Phoenix minhenga. Moss ichi chinokura nani zvishoma nezvishoma uye zviri 3 masendimita kureba. Iye inoomerera zvakanaka akwariyamu substrate, anogona kukura pasi, snags, afoot, boulders makuru.

Moss akwariyamu Phoenix sokunge tsime diki. Nenzira, sangano rechipiri - Fissidens fontanus. Inokura uye inokura boka kubva pakati kusvika mativi, akafanana nechando tsime. Imwe davi yakasiyiwa driftwood kana ibwe, inenge mwedzi miviri gare gare chinokura fluffy dhumhira idenderedzwa chimiro yerima mitema ruvara. Panguva iyoyowo, zvisinei dzokudzidzisa kurima uye Mowing, Moss Phoenix zvakadaro pashure nguva kutora idenderedzwa chimiro.

siyana Izvi ndezvako hombe chikwindi, saka haasi kutya Siamese Algae - nomukurumbira vadiwa Moss.

Chirimwa rakanyatsojeka vane mwero - haachafaniri yakajeka chiedza, mamwe rubatso zvokudya uye CO _2. Zvisinei, kutsigira kukura uye nokusimbaradza ari "fluffy", zvinokurudzirwa kuti tiite kudya of Phoenix mune mishonga duku uye vanenge zvishoma yakakodzwa carbon dioxide.

Pakuita chakagadzirwa reservoirs fissidens kazhinji akaisa pamusoro zvinoonekwa zvikamu, sezvo anotarisa zvinoorora chaizvo kunyange zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe mhando kasvisto kuti vanogara akwariyamu yakaisvonaka. aquarists zhinji kazhinji vanosarudza azere tichidyara nzvimbo akwariyamu chete chirimwa ichi, uye anotarisa kunoshamisa.

Flame Moss

Izvi akwariyamu Moss iri chete kuwana kukurumbira pakati hobbyists. Rinewo mukuru decorativeness, uye anogona kuva chero chaiye kushongedzwa chakagadzirwa dziva. zita rake aidawo kuumba chirimwa mashizha, izvo pakupedzisira kwazvo curl they uye somunhu zvomoto. Uye mashizha awo rwakapetwa muitiro kumwezve, arambe mvura.

Muchadya naye zvishoma mapazi, kukura zvikurukuru vertically. Upamhi chirimwa iri kukura zvishoma nezvishoma, yokusvika kukwirira masendimita 15. In dzakawanda chikwindi murazvo inoshandiswa yokushongedzwa pakati uye neshure zvikamu akwariyamu.

A pachena chinoratidza siyana ndiyo yakaderera vachikwanisa prirastaniya kuti substrate. Maererano namaapuro driftwood nematombo ichi zvinoitwa achabatanidza kuti pamakwenzi kwavari mutsetse hove. Nzira iyi inobvumira kuti kufamba yakarongedzwa pamwe chikwindi munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana tangi, kana zvichidikanwa.

Moss Javanese

Aquarium chirimwa Java Moss anozivikanwa kwenguva yakareba uye ndiyo imwe pfungwa yakajairika kwemarudzi akashandiswa magadzirirwe akwariyamu yakanaka. Izvi - chirimwa riri Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika, sezvo zvingaita zvakanaka uye yakatsiga kukura kwete chete mumvura asiwo nyoro ambient mhepo.

Aquarium Javanese Moss ane kwazvo decoration data, izvo zvaida kuti tirambe zvimwe zvinhu. The Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri tembiricha chikuva anobudirira kurimwa zvinomera yatovapo +24 ... +28 ° C. Kana tembiricha rikawira pasi +22 ° C, ichi akwariyamu chikwindi zvachose akarega achikura, kunyange anoramba kwayo chitarisiko kwemavhiki mashoma.

Active Mhinduro neukukutu mvura hakukoshi, asi chiedza basa. Pasinei chokwadi kuti siyana ichi vanogona refu kuvapo murima kutopedza, kukura kwayo, uye rinopa chiedza ane decoration.

Angatambura pakuonekwa zvinomera uye nokuda yakawanda yakaturikwa nyaya iri mvura iyo inowanikwa asingakwezvi unhani pamatavi awo. Inokonzera turbidity vari burrowing pasi hove uye kuramba achimhanya mhepo compressor. Nokufamba kwenguva, mashoko chikwindi rudzi algae, kwakakanganisa kukanganisa chirimwa. Panguva iyoyowo kudzokera zvakanaka unhu uhwu mhando chikwindi hazvibviri kunyange ndichibvunza mvura filtration. Saka kukura pamberi akwariyamu chikwindi mukirasi, vanofanira nechokwadi ezvinhu akakodzera, chete ipapo chinogona kuva kushongedzwa chaiye pamba dziva.

Moss kladofora

Ichi chimwe chirimwa nokururamisira chakajairika akwariyamu. The zita rechipiri - akwariyamu chikwindi-bhora, asi chaizvoizvo kuti mosses ane hapana kuita. Bright zvakasvibirira fluffy nemavhinga - muhutongi nemaziso zvakasvibirira shinda algae muchikura ichiratidzika sebhora. Kana zvinhu zvose zvakanaka ari akwariyamu, akwariyamu chikwindi-ball (kladofora) inogona kakawanda kupfuura yaro yepakutanga ukuru.

Pasinei nokuti algae mu aquariums vari chisingadiwi, zvisikwa izvi akanaka vari kuvapowo. Havazivi kukuvadza zvinomera, regai kuomerera decoration zvinhu uye negirazi. Richienda bhora rinoumbwa zvikamu akafa algae kuti dzikava kwakavharwa nenyama filament ruka. The chaizvo chete nyuchi anogara ichi idenderedzwa hwaro. Kana bhora unotemwa, iwe kuwana fluffy dhende, paunogona kuita girini patsangadzi pamusoro pasi akwariyamu.

Moss-ball haana chete chitarisiko, asi rudzi chipanji, mvura iri vakayambuka yakati mukuzadzikisa filtration kwayo. Muna akwariyamu, chirimwa ichi rave richizivikanwa kwemazana emakore uye harisati kurasa kushanda kwayo.

Moss Riccia

Moss Izvi semhosva liverworts. It floats pamusoro mvura pamusoro, zvichiumba zvitsuwa yakanaka, yainzi thalli. The akwariyamu Ricci chinonyanya inowanzoshandiswa dzinongoitika shader kana substrate kuti zviri kukonzera kuti siyana mhando hove, izvo anofarirawo kuviga furaya. Uyezve, chirimwa ichi chinhu chakanakisisa chikafu mabviro vakawanda herbivorous hwemvura zvinenge.

Riccia kunonyanya kubatsira mune chakagadzirwa madziva pamwe viviparous mhando hove. In zvinoyangarara mumatenhere furaya dzavo havasi chete nzvimbo pokugara, asi anopa zvokudya zvakakodzera. A mhando labyrinth hove akashandisa chikwindi dzekumba kuvaka adzo furo.

Nokuti kukura zvakanaka Ricci anofanira zvakajeka anotungidza, t. To. Nokuda kwokushayiwa zvitsuwa chiedza izvozvo dziparare kupinda nhungirwa duku. Zvisinei, yakananga chezuva uye incandescent chiedza, chirimwa ichi iri contraindicated, sezvo vanogona kukonzera kutsva. Okuvhenekesa isu dzinorumbidza kushandisa kwakaita kana fluorescent mwenje.

The Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri tembiricha chikuva Ricci pamusoro +22 ... +26 ° C. Apo tembiricha anodonhedza pazasi +20 ° C, chirimwa kukura iri seiyi, kunyange chitarisiko anodzokororwa. Kuumba wakasununguka mamiriro akwariyamu chinofanira akazadza muvharo. Izvi mhando chikwindi inonyatsoziva nziyo uye mvura - nokuti kukura kwayo zvakanaka, zvinofanira kuva munyoro. Kuti akurudzire kukura anofanira kugara kutsiva mvura.

Riccia rinogona kushandiswa senzvimbo chokufukidzisa chirimwa ivhu uye snags pamberi sechiedza. Anowanza Moss ichi, kungova mashomanana duku nemapazi thallus, kuti rakakurumidza kwakazadza mvura pamusoro.

Moss kiyi

Chimwe zita zvakasiyana-siyana - fontinalis. Rine nyoro twasu madzinde 20-25 masendimita kureba, iro riri imwe muzvizhinji kuti dzakatetepa mashizha uye duku mativi chimiro. Gobvu mumatenhere rima zvakasvibirira zviri rakaisvonaka kushongedzwa pamusoro akwariyamu.

Dambudziko huru iri kurima fontinalis ndiyo seasonality vayo zvinomera. Muzhizha, apo tembiricha iri tangi wakachengetwa mukati +25 ... +27 ° C, chirimwa anonzwa takasununguka zvikuru. Asi kunyange yechando tembiricha anodonhedza zvishoma, asi nguva ino chikwindi inodiwa zororo. In vivo fontinalis chando pa +2 ... +4 ° C, uye muchando mairi akwariyamu "kupisa." Panyaya iyi, kunyange iri unheated matangi, siyana ichi haagari kupfuura gore.

Panyaya mvura zvinodiwa, chinofanira kuva zvishoma acidic kana divi uye munyoro, uye kuva nechokwadi kuchenesa. Naizvozvo kudiwa zvinobudirira mvura filtration uye kushandisa akakodzera akvabionty.

Ideal vaigara aquariums fontinalis vaiona characins diki uye hove viviparous. Large, uye kunyanya kuchera pasi vane avhiringidza pamusoro chirimwa.

Moss Key reproduces kuburikidza vachigoverana mugwenzi. Nani chete kutenga chiratidzazvizhinji makuru vasiyana substrate, driftwood kana ibwe, kumirira kusvikira chirimwa pachamera uye ipapo kuiganhura vachiita migove.

Kuunza mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka nokuda Moss

Chakagadzirwa mvura saturation uglekislorodom

Vose hwemvura mosses, tsananguro iyo chinopiwa kumusoro, mvura kwezvokudya havanzwi, saka hamufi. Zvisinei, vanogona kuva akaipa, uye mhaka kazhinji kushayikwa kwezvokudya.

Zvinozivikanwa photosynthesis kunoitika kuburikidza nokushandisa rezuva simba zvinomera uye kudyiwa carbon dioxide inobvisa zvazvichanyungudutswa mvura. Muchisimbisa unoparadza CO ₂ panguva kwaedza, hwemvura zvirimwa kuderedza wevasungwa wayo mumvura voga uye somugumisiro kutambura uku. Somuenzaniso, mashoko Absorção de Água pamusoro CO ₂ vakasununguka fontinalis mvura ph kunosvika 8.8 indekisi, i.e. nayo basified. Saizvozvowo, zvinhu uye nevamwe zvirimwa.

Conditions dzinongoitika replenishment kuti carbon dioxide inobvisa kushayiwa mu muchisungwazve dzezvimwe havana, saka unofanira nechokwadi kuti ayo mwero inofanira fanira. In vatama mvura photosynthetic zvazvingava yakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura yakamira. Panyaya iyi zvinokosha kupa ari akwariyamu kugara, asi haana simba chaizvo mvura ano. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, hwemvura mosses uye zvimwe zvinomera vanonzwa kugadzikana.

pamusoro-kupfeka

Kudiwa Micro-uye makro kuona zvose hwemvura mosses. kugutsikana yavo siyana zvichienderana pamusoro chaiyo yemiti. Izvi imhaka yokuti Somuenzaniso, kuwedzera nitrate wevasungwa kunoita kukura chlorophyll (zvakasvibirira ruvara) mune mamwe marudzi mosses, asi kukuvadza vamwe.

Anenge zvose akatambanudza Moss havadi nitrates uye Ammonium. Uyezve, kana ari chinotsiva Ammonium nitrate, asi senitrogen wevasungwa inoramba yakakwirira, chirimwa anogona kurega kuwedzera uye kunyange kufa. Naizvozvo, kana kushandiswa pachinzvimbo potassium nitrate urea, ayo chipimo chemushonga inofanira kuva duku.

Panyaya mhangura, zvino kana kugutsikana yaro muna 1 fő mvura iri mari 0.01 MG chlorophyll wevasungwa anova kunonyanyisa, uye kana dose yakawedzera kusvika 10 Rine mamiririta muzana fő, izvozvo vacharasikirwa chloroplast nyoro ruvara.

Phosphorus, somunhu ushe, kunobatsirawo pamusoro pokumuka hwemvura mosses. Uye mumwe zvinokosha zvinovaka muviri kuti miti iyi ndiyo karusiyamu. Zvisinei, pamatunhu kuwanda panguva mosses ichi (bryophytes) iri fuma chinokuvadza, sezvo Absorção de Água vamwe cations zvakaoma.

Calcium magnesium, nokuda yakawiriranwa makwikwi metabolic urongwa, kuderedza Absorção de Água vanokwanisa pakati ions.

Zvinosuruvarisa mubvunzo simba muviri dzakasiyana kukura nokuda kukura akwariyamu chikwindi achiri insufficiently kudzidza. Kazhinji, hunhu zhinji mhando mosses kukura pakupera kwezhizha uye zvose kwematsutso. In yechando yomunakamwe zvinokurisa mishoma, saka kukura unodiwa kunodzikira.

Chipembenene akwariyamu mosses

The chikuru vavengi bryophytes ari akwariyamu vari Algae-hove, kuti shrimp Amano, hozhwa uye algae.

Kuti tikurire algae inokurudzirwa kushandisa 5 muzana mhinduro mishonga. Plants neutachiona algae iri achinyatsotaurira imwe kuiisa chlorine mhinduro uye akamutsa kuti maminitsi mashoma. Pashure tichiwana chena algae, chikwindi kuchinja mugaba nemvura yakachena, uye vakasuka kwazvo. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti yakadaro muitiro angakudzivisai kwete marudzi ose bryophytes. A nzira okuchenesa zvikuru munyoro ndiye kushandiswa algae mumazuva mashomanana ari akwariyamu mvura glutaraldehyde ari inorwara 10-15 mm / 100 l.

mhedziso

The zvazvisingarambiki mukana akwariyamu mosses wavo plasticity zvinoshamisa muupenyu, kwakunoitwa risingaenzaniswi kukwanisa kuchinja kusvika widest siyana nechitarisiko ezvinhu. Uyezve, kupararira mhuri Moss achiri kunonoka kukura, kuti ndizvo zvavo undoubted zvinobatsira kuti aqua. chinhu ichi anobvisa kudiwa kakawanda kupindira mune murwiyo, anoruka Moss. Uye kupfuura pazvese: mosses - tichienzanisa nedzimwe mvura zvinomera - a vane mwero chaizvo, izvo zvechokwadi anoita kuti Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri uye inoshanda achishandisa akwariyamu yakarongedzwa.