Mubvunzo mumutauro wokuRussia, mabasa ayo uye chiperengo

Uyo ajaira mabhuku ekare Russian anoziva kuti akasika munhu "manyorero" kuramba mashoko asina dzezvimwe, kunyanya sezvo vakanga vasina nyora. Chete panguva pakuguma XV remakore ari magwaro vakasvika pfungwa pakutanga rinotevera remakore nayo akabatana koma, uye kunyange paya ari manyoro mumapeji "zvachose mugari" mubvunzo. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti kusvika panguva ino basa rake kwechinguva unoitiswa semicolon. Zvichitevera mubvunzo haana kunonoka kuoneka uye vafunge pfungwa.

Chiratidzo yakatanga kune Latin shoko quaestio, iro anoshandura se "kutsvaka mhinduro." Nokuti mufananidzo ndiro rakashandiswa tsamba Q uye iwe, uyo kutanga anoratidzwa pamusoro tsamba rimwe pamusoro mumwe. Nokufamba kwenguva, mufananidzo yakajeka chiratidzo akawana rudzi chakanaka curl they aine pfungwa nechepasi.

Ko mubvunzo

Russian nyanzvi Fedor Buslaev vakati kuti nyora (sayenzi nyora) ane zvinangwa zviviri - kubatsira munhu kuti zvakajeka pfungwa dzavo, mekuparadzanisa vaitaura, uyewo chikamu mumwe, uye manzwiro. Zvinangwa izvi ndiko nevamwewo uye mubvunzo.

Chokwadi, chinhu chokutanga, izvo zvinoreva kuti hunhu - ndiye mubvunzo. Ari kutaura akaratidza yakakodzera intonation, anonzi interrogative. Mumwe mubvunzo unogona kureva nokuvhiringidzika kana kupokana. Vaitaura vane mubvunzo dzimwe nguva kutaura chirungamutauro, iyo inonzi mubvunzo wokuti. Zvinonzi akabvunza kwete nechinangwa kukumbira, uye kuratidza nokuyemura yangu, kusafarira uye nemanzwiro akafanana simba, uye kurudzira muteereri, muverengi kunzwisisa imwe chiitiko. Mhinduro isina mhinduro mubvunzo kunopiwa munyori pachake. The boka ane Kudanidzira pfungwa mubvunzo rinopa zvinoreva chinokatyamadza.

Where kuti ndokuisa, kana zvakakodzera kuisa nyaya

At muna Russian chii nguva kupfimbwa akaisa mubvunzo? Chiratidzo rinowanzova pakupera, asi kwete chete. Tichakurukura chimwe nechimwe zvizere.

• The mubvunzo panopera nyore mutongo, kuratidza mubvunzo. (Somuenzaniso: Muri kutsvakei sei mvura anotendeukira chando?)
• Mubvunzo Mucherechedzo mukati interrogative mutongo iri enumeration pamusoro homogeneous nhengo. (Somuenzaniso: Munoda kuti kubika - yokugochera Turkey muto?)
• Mukomboni mutongo chiratidzo ichi anoiswa panopera uye chiitiko kuti nhengo dzawo dzose vane mubvunzo, kunyange kana rine chete yokupedzisira chikamu mutongo. (Somuenzaniso: 1. rinhiko I kumirira kudanwa, kana nokukurumidza kuchava chijana changu 2. Akaseka nomwoyo wose, uye vaizova hanya aitamba yakadaro?)
• In zvirevo yakaoma interrogative chiratidzo anoiswa panopera:
  1. Kana inosanganisira chikuru uye omurume muvaravara. (Somuenzaniso: Unoziva chii chinoitika mukati danidziro ndakashamiswa?)
  2. Kana inowanikwa chete huru acho. (Somuenzaniso: Zvinoita kuti hatidi ikoko kuva norugare?)
  3. Kana nyaya iri akagumisa mune omurume acho. (Somuenzaniso: Different vakashinga pfungwa vakawira Hana kwazvo, kunyange kana zvaigona kanenge kuita chinhu kubatsira hanzvadzi yake?)
• In conjunctionless mutongo akaisa mubvunzo pakupera:
  1. Kana mubvunzo ine zvose kumativi. (Somuenzaniso: kupi ndikaenda, apo kuwana pokugara vanodzivisa akabudisa ruoko kundifarira?)
  2. Kana mubvunzo ndiyo chete chikamu chacho. (Somuenzaniso: Ivai akazaruka neni; sei zvikuru ndakasiya kurarama?)

Where kuisa mubvunzo kana uchida kuratidza kupokana

In rinoratidza kupokana, kunyumwira, kuzengurira mubvunzo raizoiswa pakati vaitaura uye kugumisa mu mumabhuraketi: (?) Tuma varume yunifomu, vasungwa kana kushanda uye akagara vakakomba moto.

Kana mubvunzo, unogona kuisa

In zvirevo zvakaoma umo omurume ruzha akafanana mubvunzo zvisina kunanga, mubvunzo hauna kuisa hunhu. (Somuenzaniso: Handina kumuudza wadii kuverenga bhuku rino.) Zvisinei, kana munhu mubvunzo hahusvikirwi, pfungwa nemibvunzo isina kunanga inogona korona chiratidzo ichi. (Muenzaniso:? Handigoni kunzwisisa, sei kugadzirisa dambudziko iri zvakasimba kufarira, I kuva shoroma)

wokufananidzira zvinoreva

Dzimwe nguva chokwadi mutambi inotaurwa kutaura kubva ndeyokufananidzira chinangwa, achida kuratidza chinhu husinganzwisisiki, isinganzwisisiki uye yakavanzika. Panyaya iyi, mashoko okuti "mubvunzo" unorira dimikira. (Somuenzaniso: Zviitiko nguva dzose akasara kwandiri haana kujekesa chakavanzika, mubvunzo mucherechedzo, vamwe inopenya, asi kuvhiringidza hope.)

Chakapidiguka mubvunzo

Pane mitauro umo chiratidzo ichi anova "zvachose pasi." Somuenzaniso, Greek uye Church Old (kushandiswa Orthodox) akanyorwa mitauro iye zvepabonde pasi pfungwa kumusoro. In Spanish, akamira pakupera ane interrogative mutongo chiratidzo vaisanganisa nedare inverted "mapatya." Curl asangana imwe nzira, ari yakashongedzwa Arabic magwaro. Upside-pasi mubvunzo uye akashandura mutauro zvirongwa.