Mufananidzo wemurume muduku munyaya inoti "Kupfeka": chigadziro, chinangwa chekufungidzira

Mune mabhuku echiRussia ipapo pane kazhinji mashoma uye asingakoshi. Vanodzinga muverengi vanyengeri uye vanonzwira tsitsi. Kutambudza kwavari kunopandukira. Asi zvinoratidzika zvevane masimba hazviwanzozivikanwa muupenyu hwehupenyu uye hazviwanzovanzwira tsitsi. Uye mushure mezvose Devushkin, Bashmachkin uye nzvimbo dzekugadzirisa zvese zviri kwose kwose. Ivo vari vapenyu. Mufananidzo wemurume muduku munyaya inoti "Kupfekedza" - kwete chimiro chechimiro uye kwete chirevo chemafungiro. Uyu ndiye gamba rehurukuro inodzidzisa pamusoro pekusava nemoyo kweupenzi uye kusava nehanya kwakashata.

Gogol: "baba" Bashmachkin

Chinangwa chikuru chemabhuku echokwadi ndiko kusikwa kwezvifananidzo uye nyaya dzisingambofi dzakakanganisika chero kupi zvako. Russia yakagara iine vapfumi mune vanyori vane ruzivo avo vanokwanisa kuzadzisa basa iri. Mumwe wavo aiva Nikolai Gogol. Mufananidzo wemurume muduku, wakasikwa nemunyori uyu, uchapupu hwakajeka hweizvi.

Munenge munharaunda yese yevanhu kune munhu asingaiti uye asina simba. Murume anoshamisa ane tsitsi, asingakwanisi kuzvimiririra, achigara ari oga, nyika isinganzwisisiki uye yakavharwa. Vakakomberedza vasingafungi vanofara kuti ivo vakasiyana uye zvakasiyana zvachose nezvisikwa izvi zvinotyisa. Uye kuti vazviratidze izvi ivo pachavo uye kune mumwe nemumwe, munzira dzose vanogumbura uye vanonyadzisa maitiro. Chikonzero chekupararira kwemurume uyu, uyo akave akapararira pakati pemhando yake, anogona kuva chero chinhu. Asi kazhinji kacho inorara munzvimbo yakaderera . Kwenguva yokutanga dambudziko iri rakavhenekerwa naGogol, achishandisa mufananidzo we "murume muduku" munyaya inoti "Kupfekedza".

Akaky Akakievich

Nhamo yakaipa inomukuvadza hupenyu hwake hwose. Yakatanga pakarepo mushure mekuberekwa, apo Bashmachkin akawana zvakanyanya kuti haisi zita rakanaka. Nezita rakadaro uye patronymic munhu haagoni kuva akasimba uye anokosha. Uye Akaky Akakievich muduku muzvinhu zvose: mukukura, muhutano, uye mune zvehupfumi. Vakuru vehurumende pamusoro pake vakamushevedza uye vakamunyengedza, sevana vaduku, vachikwikwidzana muparistiki wits. Iye ari kupindura anongokwanisa chete kuchema achishushikana: "Ndisiye ini!"

Gogol akasika pangozi mufananidzo wechidiki. "Ngarava" yakatanga kuberekwa nemunyori sebasa rekuita satirical rakatevedzerwa nenyaya yeanecdote yakanzwa pane imwe nzvimbo. Asi mushure mekugadzirisa kumwe kwakasvika mufananidzo chaiwo wefilosofi pamusoro pomurume akasuruvara uyo aigona kutsiva kune avo vakanganisa kunze kwekufa kwake.

Mutevedzeri weChipiri

Zvinhu zvose muupenyu hwake zviduku uye zvinotyisa. Zviso zvose uye nzvimbo. Basa rake rakashata uye harina kufadza. Asi haazvione. KwaBashmachkin hapana basa rinonakidza kunze kwekunyoresa zvinyorwa. Upenyu hwake hahuna maturo, asi hunoyera. Uye regai vashandi pamwe chete vamuseke. Haana hanya navo. Anogara munyika umo, kunze kwemapepa neingi, hapana chinhu: kwete varaidzo, hapana shamwari, hapana mhuri. Akave aripo kwenguva yakareba uye atotya kubuda. Chimiro chemurume muduku munyaya "Chipfeko" chinoshumira sechisimbiso chetsinye hwenharaunda umo pasina nzvimbo yevasina simba uye isina chakaipa.

Overcoat

Muhupenyu hweAakaky Akakievich kune chido chakanaka. Yakawanda yekare yakasakara zvachose. Anosarudza kuronga imwe itsva. Mukuwedzera, mazaya anotanga, uye mubayiro wezororo unotarisirwa. Iye zvino muhupenyu hwake kunyora kunonakidza kwamapepa kunopa nzira yezviroto zvekupfekwa kwetsva. Anofungisisa nezvazvo masikati nousiku, uye dzimwe nguva anoshanyira avo vanoita kuti vataure nezvechinhu chitsva chinouya. Uye kamwe, achigamuchira bhonasi, anoziva kurota kwemwedzi yekupedzisira uye anova muridzi wechinhu chitsva chinoshamisa. Nokuti munhu mukuru akazova "shamwari inofadza yemazuva" (saGoogol akaisa) gurucoat. Mufananidzo wemurume muduku uyu unonyanya kunzwira tsitsi kubva pakuzadzika kwekuti kusakosha chii chiri chikonzero chekufara kwake kusingaperi.

The Great Loss

MuDhipatimendi, chikwata ichi chinoshamiswa. Bashmachkin congratulate pamusoro pekuwana. Kufara kwake kune ngozi kunoputirwa nechirongwa chevamwe vake kuti varonge mabiko emabiko emusangano unokosha zvakadaro. Asi maziso pakarepo anotendeukira kuhurukuro yenguva inouya yezvokudya kwemasikati.

Akange asina kumbozara nemufaro, sepanguva iyoyo pfupi apo yaipiswa nechapfeko chitsva. Asi mufaro wakaguma pakarepo, pave munzira kuenda kumba mushure memabiko emabiko mapororo acho akabvisa kwaari chinhu chinodhura.

Akaedza pasina kuti adzokere. Zvose zvakaedza zvakanga zvisina maturo. Mukuwedzera, mukuru wehurumende akanyadzisa kumunyadzisa, kuitira kuti aratidze pamberi pomudiwa wake. Bashmachkin akadzokera kumba achishungurudzika uye akaerekana afa. Mufananidzo wemurume muduku munyaya inoti "Ngarava" inowedzera simba nokuti mushure mekufa unhu hukuru hahuna kuparara. Mweya Bashmachkin achiri kungofamba-famba kune imwe nzvimbo pamwe chete nekutsvaga kurasikirwa kwake. Uye chete apo akasangana nemunhu akatadza uye akabvarura chifukidziro chake, anonyangarika nokusingaperi.

Mysticism

Pakuguma kwenhau Gogol anoshandisa chinangwa chekufungidzira, sezvo bedzi kuburikidza nemubatsiro wegadziriro iyi inogona kuita kuti munhu mukuru ave zvishoma zvishoma zvakasimba uye zvinotyisa. Ari kuzvitsivira iye oga uye kune avo vose vakagumburwa. Chiitiko chakaitika nevakuru vehurumende hachisi ngozi. Munyori anosimbisa kuti mushure memusangano nemweya, munhu uyu anoparadza akazozvininipisa uye akadzikama.

Mufananidzo wemurume muduku mumabhuku anowanikwa mune kusiyana kwakasiyana. MuDostoevsky iye anokudzwa, murombo, akatuka kumvura yakadzika yemweya wake. Mutungamiri wePushkin murume uyo, nemhaka yehutsika hwake hwemagariro evanhu, haagoni kurwisa kushungurudza uye unzenza. Iyo yakasiyana-siyana Gogol unhu unonzwira tsitsi uye haifariri kusvika pakuti iye pachake haazvizivi izvi. Asi vose ava vane simba vanobatana nokusachengeteka kune utsinye, hunowanikwa mumarudzi ose.