Musangano mutauro wokuRussia: kushanda-kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro marudzi kutaura

Language senzira nzira yokukurukurirana uye kupararira mashoko ane mbiri dzinokosha siyana - kupa vamwe mukana wokutaura nekutaurirana. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane yayo dzakasiyana zvinhu uye siyanisa maitiro. Kupa vamwe mukana wokutaura chimiro, zvichienderana kukurukurirana zvinangwa, ayo kugutsikana uye nzira mharidzo rakakamurwa zvitatu dzichipfekeka-kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro mhando.

Types kutaura kwavo kupatsanura

In zvemutauro zvinosanganisira zvakadaro marudzi vakuru-anogutsa kutaura sezvo description, pfungwa, raibuda. The raibuda uye rondedzero chokuita nezvakaitika, zviito, zvinhu uye dzavo unhu, uye pfungwa inoratidza mafungiro pezvakaitwa uye chokuita pfungwa nezvandakaraira. Mashoko neimwe mhando haawanzopiwi anounzwa ayo sendarama chimiro. Kazhinji, kana kutaura kana kunyora mhando rwezuva mumutauro wokuRussia kuoneka mune zvakavhenganiswa chimiro Somuenzaniso, rondedzero pamwe pezvokuvamba nharo kana rondedzero ine rondedzero okunze.

tsananguro

Description - iri mhando chemashoko, ane basa - kumiririra chero chinhu, Fani, munhu comprehensively, nenhumbi dzayo nevamwe zvinhu. Pano inotifungisa chimiro chayo uye kukura, akapiwa ruvara noruzhinji. Description zvikuru kunofambira mberi tichitaura kuitika pane dzimwe mhando orugwaro. Kana tichishingaira dzichipfekeka-kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro mhando hwekutaura achimiririrwa yemaitiro, tinowana: tsananguro = 2 + 1 chiratidzo chiratidzo + chiratidzo matatu, etc.

Muenzaniso unoshamisa rugwaro netsanangudzo dziri asian maitiro anoita vatambi. In vanyori izvi kwete kurondedzera chete kuonekwa, asi anoratidza zvimwe zvinoitwa wacho, kuburikidza iyo inogona kuonekwa nezve mupfungwa mhando chifananidzo.

kazhinji Description rine vakawanda zvikamu "rairatidza" kutaura: adjectives, PARTICIPLE, adverbs, gerunds. Kazhinji pane kunorondedzera uye mutauro kuratidza zvinoreva: madimikira uye epithets. Mamwe marudzi chadzo uye kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro hwekutaura haagoni kuzvirumbidza zvakasiyana siyana kudaro. Mufananidzo ndicho chiratidzo chiri pachena chete kurondedzera.

rondedzero

Hazvibetseri lexical zvinoreva shoko "nhoroondo" rinoratidza kuti mhando rugwaro zvichiitirwa kutsanangura chero chiitiko kana zviitiko kukura. Iri nyaya ine yakarongeka mharidzo chinhu chine mavambo, anova nenguva uye miromo. Shoko "Serial" pano riri anokosha.

Uye kana iri mhando dzichipfekeka-kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro rwokutaura muchimiro zvirongwa, nyaya taitsvaka seizvi: nyaya = 1 chiitiko + 2 + 3 chiitiko chiitiko, etc. Kazhinji rugwaro chokurondedzera ine zvakaoma sezvamunoita: okusuma kana kwamagwaro, chikuru chikamu, apo mune dzimwe nguva puranga zvinhu kuenda nekuguma (kana epilogue). Kutaura zvazviri, chero nyaya ndiyo muenzaniso chokurondedzera. Sezvingatarisirwa, vakawanda mhando kutaura kuti anoshandisa rechiito hwakakwana nechitarisiko. Kuburikidza navo, zvakanaka kubudisa mutsara zviitiko kuchinja navo nguva.

pfungwa

The pfungwa - mufananidzo rugwaro hunobudisa kutevedzana uye kuti pfungwa iri muitiro kufungisisa zvimwe chinonakidza kana chiitiko. Uyewo mamwe marudzi chadzo uye kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro hwekutaura, ine nhamba chinosiyanisa zvinhu. Text-pfungwa anoenderana zano pfungwa = chinyorwa + + goho nenharo. It kunoratidzwa zvakawanda zvisiri uye kwesayenzi Mutauro unokura, kusanganisira kushandisa emazita, mashoko dzavatorwa. Uyezve, kakawanda shoko chiyamuro akadai "pakutanga", "wechipiri", "saka", "saka", achitumira chitima pfungwa.

The Zvinoumba acho nharo ndiye zvinotevera: akagadzira somunhu chinyorwa, chikuru pfungwa, chikuru chikamu, iyo ine kutonga uye mhedziso kunobva nharo kutsigira kana kuramba chinyorwa, ipapo mhedziso.