Kid - zvinoreva, pfungwa

Pasinei kuitwa mitauro nyanzvi, hakusi nguva zvichiita kuziva kwakabva shoko mumutauro weRussia. Izvi kunyanya jargon yechokwadi achibva nemutadzi kwezvakatipoteredza. Muenzaniso unoshamisa izvi ndiko "mukomana" pazita. Kukosha shoko iri ikozvino zvizivikanwe anenge munhu wose, asi pakutanga aiva siyanei zvaanoreva. Chii? Ngationei izvozvo, uye funga anozivikanwa zvikuru dzidziso kwakabva lexical chikwata.

A dudziro ano shoko "mukomana"

Zviri pazita nhasi anogona kunzwa chero munhu pasinei evanhu ake chinzvimbo uye dzidzo. Panguva iyoyowo vaiona shoko vachiri rinoreva muchikwata dzaishandisa, uye kushandiswa kwayo mune ruzivo mutauro anodzidza anonzi kukanganisa.

Zvinorevei? Shoko "mukomana" unowanzonzi vakomana uye majaya. The pedyo mu ukoshi nayo ndiyo okuti "murume", "mukomana", uye pakati vanhuwo parlance - ". Dude"

Izvo zvinoreva "mbudzana" munyika tsotsi nyika

Zvaakanga familiarized chete inokosha zvinoreva shoko "mukomana", zvinokosha kucherechedza sei chiratidzo ichi anobata duramazwi mhosva akariposhera (TSUZH). Unozvitaura mumwe pazita muzvizhinji - "vakomana" - uye zvinoreva ... kuva tenzi makiyi, uyewo nokutamba makadhi.

Mune dzimwe nemaduramazwi (kushandisa ari jargon akashandiswa matsotsi mukutaura kwake) shoko "mukomana" mamwe - mbavha wechidiki anoshanda pamwe ruzivo mhosva uye anodzidza kubva pairi.

Uye jargon ichi rinowanzoshandiswa wokuti "munyoro mukomana" uye "chifananidzo mukomana". Wokutanga anonzi mbavha muduku, uye wechipiri - wechiduku akutadzira, dzakatobvuma kubudirira zvimwe "kubudirira" mumunda rakasarudzwa.

Somunhu pazita rinoshandiswa kana kutaura nhengo muduku chikwata, anofarira kuremekedza zvikuru pakati navo. In ichi zvakafanana okuti "yakaora mbudzana" zvinoratidza kuti ichi haiwanzofarirwi pazita kureva airemekedzwa tsotsi.

On the muchivanze jargon izwi akataura vakomana avo, maererano kambani, ndivo zvakajairika vakomana vanorarama maererano nemitemo muruvazhe kana ruwa.

Of ose pamusoro kududzirwa kweshoko "mukomana" tinogona kugumisa kuti tsanangudzo iyi izwi zvakajeka haisi, uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo uye sectors rinoshandiswa pamusoro wayo.

Kana akaita mutauro wokuRussia shoko

Saka nhasi hapana rakasiyana dzidziso pamusoro sei kuumbwa tiri kufunga chairema pakutaura, asi inozivikanwa, kana iye akaonekwa.

Zvino pakutanga XX remakore., Most zvichida mushure 1917 chimurenga Izvi runoratidzwa munhu kuziva chokwadi. Vanhu vakawanda vanoda kuziva Mabviro ezwi uye zvinorehwa nerimwe shoko, kureva chinokosha basa yakakurumbira, anoremekedzwa vanyori. Rimwe remabasa awa ndiyo "rinotsanangura Dictionary wokuRussia Language" V. I. Dalya. Chii isu ariwana? Chii chinorehwa neshoko rokuti "mukomana" muna Dahl? Zvakaratidza kuti yakadaro pazita kana pedyo zvinongokonzerwa haadaro. Uye Vladimir Ivanovich aiva munhu akangwarira uye yaakaramba vakarashika ichi lexical Unit, kana yakapiwa muna XIX remakore.

Mumwe duramazwi rokutanga, iyo wakaiswa kuti funga pfungwa ndiye "Dictionary dzembavha jargon" Selischeva A. M., rakabudiswa muna ra1928 Pashure paizvozvo, muna 1929, "mukomana" rinowanikwa duramazwi AV Mirtova. Rinooneka shoko sezvo zita tramps uye pekugara muna Rostov.

Mudzidzisi mukuru uye innovator Antona Semenovicha Makarenko wake "Pedagogical Poem" nguva nenguva shoko "mukomana" riri yokureva "pekugara." Izvi zvinosimbisa kuti muna 20-30 makore. XX remakore. pazita ichi akadana vakomana kubva mhuri dzinoparadzana kana nherera, kumanikidzwa chokurarama nacho nokuba.

Zvichida, kana rudzi rwavana vaiva vokutanga kunzi "vakomana" akakurira pamwe navo zita iri kwaita chakashandiswa ari tsotsi ezvinhu sezvo chikumbiro kuna mamwe matsotsi vakura.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti pashure peHondo Yenyika II muna "Dictionary mutauro Russian" S. I. Ozhegova rokuti "mukomana" atova zvinoreva mukomana kana mukomana. Saka ikarapwa nhasi.

Shoko "mbudzana" vaJudha

Wakabata pamwechete dudziro uye kufambiswa nhoroondo, zvinokosha anoteerera inonyatsozivikanwa kupfuura dzidziso Nezvekwakabva shoko "mukomana".

Mumwe yakaipisisa shanduro yaro nechitarisiko Jewish. Maererano naye, "mukomana" pakutanga yakanyorwa se "potsan" (unstressed "Haiwa" achiverengwa se [munhu]) akanga rinobva pashoko "shmuck." MuchiHebheru zvinoreva "mboro", asi kakawanda rinoshandiswa kureva kuti rokuti "benzi".

Vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti shoko rokuti "mukomana" rinobva mumwe kunaka wechiJudha - "potsen" ( "underdeveloped mboro").

Zvinozivikanwa kuti tsika kushandisa mashoko okuti "shmuck" uye "potsen" akazviratidza muna Odessa pakutanga pamusoro XX remakore ari kutaura. Nokuda kuwanda nevaJudha avo okutuka mashoko (izvo vakatumidza zviduku mbavha) nokukurumidza kunyenga tsotsi ezvinhu, kwete chete muna Odessa, asiwo kure nemiganhu yayo.

Zvakaratidza, hazvina basa kubva "potsa" kana "potsena" akaumba shoko, zvichiri shoko "mukomana" kubva muchiHebheru - ". Munhurume yokubereka nayo" ndiwo Bvumiranai, hazvifadzi zvikuru avo anoda kudana pachake "mbudzana".

Ukrainian dzidziso mavambo

Zvisinei, haasi masayendisiti ose, nyanzvi dzemitauro vanotenda kuti shoko rechiHebheru rakabva. A zvinoverengeka nyanzvi dzemitauro vanosimbirira Ukrainian kwakabva pazita. . Saka, muna "Dictionary of mutauro Ukrainian" Hrinchenko yakabudiswa ezana XX remakore rokutanga, pane izwi "patsya" - nguruve kana kunyange mukuru nguruve.

Panyaya iyi, zvinonzi akatenda kuti shoko "mukomana" pakutanga kunzi vana uye kuyaruka vakanga achifudza nguruve. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti duramazwi Dahl munguva imwe chete, akaona shoko "Pac" - ". Imwe gonzo"

Polish zvisaririra zviri Mabviro ezwi rokuti "mukomana"

Kuwedzera kune izvi, pane dzidziso nezvemavambo wePolish vaitirei pazita. Saka, mumutauro vanozvikudza vanoremekedzwa vezvikwata vane pacan chiratidzo, rinoshandurwa kuti "benzi."

Zvatakurukura zvose dzidziso Nezvekwakabva shoko "mukomana", tinofanira kuziva kuti vose vanobvuma kuti shoko pakutanga wakaberekawo nezvacho uye waishandiswa sezvo chituko shoko rimwe. Zvisinei, kana nyanzvi dzemitauro akamuziva pakarepo, nhasi aigona kuva zvakarurama chigaro chacho mavambo.