Mycotoxicoses - nayo ... Kutadzisa mycotoxin

Tsvina mamwe notumwe nengozi munhu nemhuka. Pane here chinonzi mycotoxicoses. Ichi boka dzakananga zvirwere kuti vavapo nokuda nemigumisiro ine muchetura - metabolic zvibereko chakuvhuvhu notumwe.

Chii mukana chakuvhuvhu

tusingaoneki Ava dzakakurumbira mumakondinendi ose yedu, uye tsvina ivo kubereka kukonzera wandei kukuvara zvose upfumi (somugumisiro zvinhu kukuvadzwa), uyewo munhu uye mhuka utano. Products kuva kukodzera rinodyiwa, kunaka kwavo uye zvimwe organoleptic unhu kuipa nehasha. Howa, izvo kungakonzera kukura chakuvhuvhu, notumwe akakamurwa tupukanana (zvinoshamisa tsika live) uye saprophytes (vava zvokurarama nazvo zvinomera akafa). The Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri tigozvarwa activation kwavo - mukuru tembiricha, mhepo mwando kubva 95% inosimbisa mwando vanenge 30%. Utachiona mycotoxin (pane vanenge 250) anogona kutanga zvokurarama nazvo zvavo uye kukohwa, uye panguva zvifambiso chakaipa kana okuchengetera. Kana mhuka kudya zvokudya, fungal hweHIV chacho, nyama, mukaka inova dzinogarisana zvigare zvakadaro. Panyaya iyi, mukana rekuzvarwa utachiona, uye munhu achashandisa zvigadzirwa izvi. mhuka mycotoxicosis anokwanisa kuvaparadza. Asi hapana kutyorwa zvishoma chakakomba kunogona kukonzera Data zvinokachidza muvanhu.

Negative anokonzerwa mycotoxins

Inotibatsira chinhu chaizvo inokanganisa hunenge gadziriro dzose muviri. Vamwe vavo kukonzera chirwere, vamwe zvisakanganisa kushanda tsinga. Dermatitis, neutachiona, dysbiosis - zvimwe ava kupfuura benign zviratidzo anogona kukonzera mycotoxicoses uye fungal zvirwere. zvirwere izvi kungamutsawo pave renal dystrophy, gout, kuora mwoyo, kunokuvadza nemidziyo, asi kutungamirira chimiro anomera. A vazhinji zvigare izvi sei kukura mudumbu vakadzi vane pamuviri. Chimwe chinokosha - vanokwanisa kuchinja majini yevanhu midziyo.

Aflatoxins. The Migumisiro nomuchetura

The kupfuura kudzidza utachiona kubva fungal zvirwere zviri intestinal mikotoksikozov - A.flavus, aflatoxins. Dai kuva chibage, gorosi, mupunga, cocoa, kofi, mirivo uye zvibereko. Kumboda date zvinokachidza kuwanikwa zvirimwa, mune zvisingawanzoitiki nyaya mhuka zvigadzirwa - nyama, mukaka, mazai (kusvika 1 MG / kg). Kunyange uwandu aflatoxins duku anokwanisa kuva inokanganisa vana vaduku. Nyanzvi makasimbisa kubatana pakati kukura chikuru kenza chiropa, uye boka iri muchetura. Kana aflatoxin kunoramba kupinda muviri, munhu anogona kuona uremu. Vana sipidhi kukura kwayo. Kakawanda, mumiririri uyu anoita mhuka mycotoxicosis - nguruve, remhuru nembudzi. Chinhu tisanzwe aflatoxins uye duck, turkeys, shiri. Kana kwakakomba noutachiona pamusoro inobvira rufu 30% kusvika 100% yose kwevanhu.

Fuzariotoksiny. Zviratidzo kudhaka

Kana zviyo muchando pasi bhora kwechando, ngozi huru Fusarium chakuvhe. ayo zvibereko muviri zviri yakatsiga zvikuru. Fuzariotoksiny kwete kuparadzwa muitiro dzokubikira, vane yakakwirira makemikari nemishonga. Also mudura zviyo kupfuura gore rimwe. zvinokachidza izvi zvinokonzera zvirwere zvakadai septic angina. Chokutanga, pane zviratidzo ihosha huro, mukuru zvishoma kuipa. Ipapo machena eropa count anodonhedza zvinoshamisa (anenge 10 times). Uyewo ungaderedza Chizenga, tsika mapundu kuonekwe paganda. Nokufamba kwenguva, izvozvo zviri kuitika necrotizing rikurumidze. Naizvozvo, fungal zvirwere, mycotoxicoses - ichi chinhu chaizvo ngozi chirwere rinoda nomazvo kurapwa uye mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Grain chakasvibisa fuzariotoksinami, chero nyaya kwete akakodzera rinodyiwa nevanhu vose dzevanhu uye mhuka. Chishandisei chete hwokugadzira kubudiswa (semuenzaniso, ari zvaAtemisi maindasitiri doro).

Ergotism. Zviratidzo zvokutanga

Mumwe chakuvhe, iyo inokwanisa kurova zviyo, - Claviceps purpurea kasvi. Mapoka ari microorganism ane rima mushava ruvara. Anogona musiwa Spikelets rye, gorosi. Kana zviyo kwazvo kucheneswa kubva ergot, kuti zvine chepfu vanosunungurwa zvakananga kupinda furawa. Baking nezvinhu zvakadaro kunogona kukonzera ergotism. Panguva iyoyo zvinokanganisawo nhengo yacho zvomudumbu hurongwa. Ratidza zvose zviratidzo nomuchetura - kuda kurutsa, kurutsa, abdominal marwadzo. A chakakomba chimiro chirwere inozivikanwa yokurwiswa zvisipo, delirium. Possible uye gangrenous chimiro, umo necrosis wamativi, chiso. Treatment iyi nyaya symptomatic yakanangana nokubviswa kudhaka. Nzira rokurwisa ergot wokutanga kumbonyatsoongorora pakuchenesa zvirimwa.

Stahibotriotoksikoz

Mycotoxicoses date - Ndivo zvirwere zviri zvikuru nevakawanda mhuka chisingawanzoitika muvanhu. The causative mumiririri - toxin chakuvhe Stachybotrys alternans. Stahibotriotoksikoz - kwazvo mamiriro mabhiza, mombe uye yehuku. The kunotoda mufananidzo uri sezvinotevera: pane kuzvimba ari nemudumbu, uye ipapo - necrotic maronda of zvomudumbu hurongwa. Iva chenjera mwoyo kukundikana, agranulocytosis. Chimwe chirwere inokanganisa kumwoyo hwemhuka, - dendrodohpotokeikoz. Chichiitwa chirwere ichi ndicho kwayo nokukurumidza kuitika, zvichiguma nokufa mhuka kunoitika.

Other mycotoxins ngozi

By hapana zvishoma ngozi metabolic zvibereko notumwe vari ochratoxin A, patulin. Kirasi yokutanga toxin inobereka chakuvhe Penicillium, Aspergillus. Nokuti kwayo kwetunhu kunoda yakakwirira mwando pamusoro chigadzirwa (kwete asingasviki 22%). mycotoxicoses kwakadaro - iri Kusvibisa mhuka, vakadhakwa itsvo basa muvanhu. Uyezve, ochratoxin, achiparadzira muropa, uye anokwanisa kupinda mu zamu mukaka. Laboratory zvidzidzo zvinoratidza ayo carcinogenic kushanda. Patulin rinoungana zvikurukuru michero, muchero. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti toxin iyi husingakwanisi yakakwirira tembiricha, saka unogona kuona uye kupatsanurwa zvigadzirwa zvibereko zvakaora. Kunyanya kazhinji kuwana patulin mu womuapuro muto. Migumisiro anokonzera chepfu toxin, yakanyanya zvakakwana. Izvi uye pfungwa edema, uye renal dysfunction, zvemapapu.

Kutadzisa kuunganidza zvinokachidza zviri miti

Kuderedza mycotoxicoses, kudzivirira chitarisiko chavo vanofanira zvinosanganisira zvinotevera mabasa. Plant rutoto - imwe nzira inobudirira rokurwisa notumwe. Development yokugara okugadzira vanogona kudzidzisa yakakwirira kuramba tsika tusingaoneki. Murayiro wechipiri zvakarurama kushanda zvokurima ruzivo. Harvest anofanira inounganidzwa maererano nemitemo yakagadzwa. Zvakazoitwa mabatiro nezviyo kuri kunokosha. First unofanira kuchenesa njodzi zvigadzirwa kubva okunze. Kuchengetera mbishi zvinhu zvinofanira kuitwa munzvimbo zvakanaka ventilated, zvakakosha kusapfuudza chikumbaridzo mwando tsika. Zvakakosha kuti tiite mabasa zvainanga kuparadzwa nemakonzo, tupukanana zviyo okuchengetera munzvimbo. Asati kugadzira mishonga vanosangana rabhoritari yokuedzwa kuvapo mycotoxins. Kana vari akawanikwa, zvinokosha kuchenesa yakatsvuka zvinhu kana ayo kushaya zvakakwana kubva kugadzirwa.

Kudzivirira mycotoxin mumba

Mycotoxicoses - chirwere kazhinji chisingaperi. Wanda zvinokachidza chete pashure imwe nguva vanotanga waipedza muviri yedu. Saka, mune zvipfuwo ezvinhu zvinokosha chaizvo kudzivisa pokumuka anoumba pamusoro zvokudya. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti timupe kuti zvinosimudzira kukura zvigare izvi zvakakwirira mwando yakakwirira tembiricha. Foods Anotadzira nokukurumidza, zvakakodzera ukanyatsoongorora. At chiratidzo chacho kwavo kushandiswa kutanga zvakanakisisa kuramba. Zvechokwadi, kwete vose Foroma - ndiwo chepfu ngozi. Zvisinei, pangozi utano hwavo huchiri kufanira. mutemo uyu unoshanda michero, miriwo, zvinhu zvakabikwa, mumigwagwa yakawandisa motokari nezvimwe zvinochengetedza. Pet zvokudya zvinofanira kuva nokungwarira yokuongororwa. Kana akawanikwa neutachiona zviyo nezvokudya zvokudya zvakadaro atova unusable. Food mycotoxicoses anokwanisa kukonzera zvakaipa kwazvo mhuka neshiri.