Ndakabatana michina simba grids: yacho pakunamata kubatana

ichangogadzwa akavaka mabhizimisi chivako Chero, kugadzira, kana magariro pekugara kwemauto anonyanya zvakabatana magetsi afoot. mibvunzo yakawanda kubva vatengi ari kutevedzana kwezviitiko nezviito kuti kutsanangura papi. Muzvigadzirwa substantiation ane kunzwisisa kwacho hunotaurwa mu pamutemo sarudzo uye nhungamiro yacho Government, apo mukuru murayiro maererano rakakamurwa muzvikamu dzinoenderana nyore.

Types zvinhu inopedzerwa muzvigadzirwa kubatana

Mitemo isingachinji mazita vanoshandisa vari chokuita rwakafanana magetsi network:

• mamiriro, iyo kutanga kuisa kushanda;
• Akavaka kare anodzvinyirirwa, asi nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinoda kuwedzera kugona;
• Zvivako pasina kuwedzera simba, asi kushandura muchikwata nokuvimbika nokuda yezwi rakasiyana mhando kugadzirwa kana basa.

Grid kubatana mitemo anoratidza kuti reconnection nzira apo kuchinja wemba yacho chinhu rinoitwa. Chero kutaura kubva muridzi pomumbure panyaya kunenge kurapwa vari dzinongoitika asingadi kubhadhara.

Nzira kuti riine simba grids

The Kubatana rinoitwa maererano murayiro zvachose kunotsanangurwa, uye rinosanganisira tsoka:

• mushandisi, maererano kutevedzerwa womuenzaniso zvinoshanda kuti riine simba flow;
• kusaina chibvumirano pamusoro kuita basa pakati muridzi chinhu uye muridzi samambure;
• kambani kuti ane simba afoot, anogadzirira nokurondedzerwa yemirau yaivapo, kutenda kwavo, asi opareta uye pedyo nemambure varidzi;
• engineering michina vashandi nomumbure basa zvibereko chirongwa magwaro maererano Specification;
• mutengi mu-imba chirongwa mirairo iri akatanga kuti hazvo vose zvinodiwa michina nokurondedzerwa;
• mune zvimwe zviitiko, mitemo Russian pamusoro kuvakwa mumadhorobha kukura riri kubatana iri akadzima zvirongwa;
• mapato kuzadzisa chibvumirano ezvinhu kubatana;
• kuronga zvakarukwa muridzi kudzora kuurayiwa nokuda TU mutengi;
• mutemo yemakambani uye Entrepreneurs kushanda nesimba kunwa anopfuura 100 KW uye vanhu vane imwe indekisi anopfuura 15 KW, muri madikanwa vakaongorora nemagetsi zvivako zviri pamberi RTN;
• pashure pokuongorora nemambure kubatana revashandi pave chaiwo User uye zvokushandisa magetsi.

Nguva iri rinoitwa riine simba flow

Kwenguva pfupi kubatana nemamiriro muridzi kwenguva isina kupfuura mwedzi mitanhatu, akapa kuti daro kwesimba mitsetse kubva pfungwa kudyiwa pa 300 m, inoyerera nguva yava 15 kushanda mazuva. Law yemakambani uye kugadzira, vachikumbira kuti ayo simba basa haasi anopfuura 100 KW uye nevanhu batanidza flow pamwe voltage kusvika 20 KW, vari kumirira maererano kwemwedzi nhanhatu, kana simba bhuku iri muguta hapana M anopfuura 300, mumusha - 500 m.

gore asati rinoitwa kubatana kuti simba afoot zvivako inokwana kwete kupfuura 750 KW. Kana vatengi zvinoda nokukurumidza kubatana, nguva mitemo iri chibvumirano pakati muridzi marongerwo zvakarukwa kutarisira. okuwana makore anopfuura maviri vari unobatanidza midziyo kuti zvinodiwa voltages kumusoro 750 KW. Misi anogona ruchatambanudzirwa pesungano vemapato anosvika 4 makore asi kwete zvakare.

Kusarudza samambure sangano

Pedyo munharaunda nebhizimisi sangano anogona riri zvishoma simba mitsetse, waya waya, transformer substations, izvo akabatanidzwa. Kutanga, inodzidzisa anosarudza kuti sangano aizofanira kushanda, kufungisisa zvinhu zvinotevera:

• Urongwa romugove kure kubva mugamuchiri;
• voltage pamwero vanopfuura network pedyo.

Kure kubva munharaunda muganhu chinorondedzerwa nenzira yakarurama mutsetse kusvika pedyo chinhu pfuma kana yemagetsi network. Grid kubatana mitemo zvinopa kuti inodzidzisa rinobatanidza midziyo kuti simba grids vekirasi kuti raanotaura kushanda. Kana muridzi achida kubatanidza kugadzirwa nzvimbo kuti mitsetse wakakwirira simba, kuti iye akanga akamirira basa zvinodhura pamusoro mudziyo pasi substation.

Kana pasiri varidzi pedyo nemiganhu zvakawanda vakaenzana tichitaura akarongwa maererano, kushandisira nokuda kwezvinhu kubatana kushumirwa munzvimbo chero samambure nemasangano. Kushaiwei pedyo kupfuura 300 M kubva simba romugove mugove kodzero inodzidzisa pamwe muridzi chero pedyo.

Achipindura chikumbiro chacho mukati memazuva 15 muridzi kubatana panobva anotungamirira vatengi kwakabatana simba zvakatemwa mu kuwanda 100 kusvika 750 KW, chibvumirano noruoko rwake uye zvaidiwa nokurondedzerwa. Kana muridzi-mutyairi haataurwi application ose nzvimbo mashoko kana kusavapo magwaro anodiwa, nemambure varidzi vari nezvokudzokera izvozvo uye tsanangura ndandanda zvaida mapepa.

Nemitemo kunyoresa chikumbiro

Kushandiswa nokuti riine simba afoot unoitwa nouya uye akatumirwa kero nemambure sangano kubudikidza vakanyorwa tsamba pamwe kudzoka chiziviso. The hamvuropu inowedzerwa pamazita - ane uwandu magwaro ose akatuma. Mumashoko, ivo vatengi vanenge batanidza magetsi kushandiswa mhuri (kwete kupfuura 15 KW), mashoko anotevera:

• kero uye nenzvimbo yakagara wacho;
• zita uye kero yacho, dzimba, zvivakwa kuti wagadzirira kuti kubatana;
• Terms basa Implementation uye vatarisire ose basa simba kugamuchira midziyo pamwe nguva danho rimwe nerimwe;
• kufadza kukura simba zvaida, ayo interconnection muruzivo rwokugadzira pfungwa simba mutoro.

Kushandisa pamutemo vanhu uye Entrepreneurs

Kushandiswa nokuti zvemagetsi kubatana mutemo yemakambani kana Entrepreneurs, padanho kugadzirwa kuti zvinoda simba kusvika 100 KW, rine zvina mamwe mashoko anotaura kuti apa mazita mashoko:

• Company zita uye Kero muridzi kugadzirwa zvivako, mutemo yemakambani anoratidza nhamba iri remazita, munhu Entrepreneurs - mu EGRIP nhamba uye rokuti isina kuvakirwa ari mazita, vagari mumuviri anoratidza anonziwo, wokutanga zita, zita yapakati uye umboo kubva pasipoti;
• simba aparadzirwe mune pamwe nekurutsa zvose pakutuma uye kutaridzwa chikamu nokuvimbika oga simba zvose midziyo uye namano;
• maonero ramangwana simba mutoro pamwe rairatidza vakaronga upfumi basa;
• muridzi vaitaura chokuita nezvinoitwa mari kubhadhara uye chibvumirano chikamu muripo wavo basa Network sangano.

Documents nokuti Chikumbiro

Zviri fanira kune zvose Mapato yevatengi vari kuita zvinotevera mashoko mapepa:

• mufanidzo kana schematic michina marongerwo mufananidzo iyo zvakabatana nesimba kunobva;
• zvakarukwa hwokutiparadza hwakasimba private vatengi, vachishandisa iyo afoot riine emimbure;
• uye mazita unyanzvi zviratidzi namano zvose zvinogona chokuita mano nechimbichimbi kuzvidzora;
• makopi mapepa, achisimbisa kodzero pfuma varidzi kana zvimwe yepamutemo yokuti nevatengi zvinhu;
• kana, panzvimbo muridzi kubatana iri muhondo mumwe munhu, simba gweta yokuita pamberi mutengi mumiririri.

Zvinofanira kwemamiriro chibvumirano

Akasaina yaitsigira divi chibvumirano kubatanidza pomumbure kutarisira mberi kuti mutengi mukati memazuva 15 okutambirwa ayo chikumbiro nokuda accession. Rwokugadzirwa substantiation uye mamiriro iyi inotumirwa pamutemo masangano uye Entrepreneurs, kubatana vanokwanisa zviri 100 KW, kana mumuviri masangano zvine chokuita flow pamwe voltage kusvika 15 KW (nokuti mumhuri rinodyiwa).

Kana totaura vamwe vatengi urege kuwa pasi tsananguro iyi, hwokugadzira zvinyorwa akatumira kubva musi pasi chikumbiro kwavari mumazuva 30. Kugamuchira ezvinhu uye chibvumirano, wacho ari kudzidza magwaro uye, mune nyaya sungano navo, kusaina chibvumirano, uye anotuma pepa iri bhuku mumwe muridzi kuhofisi network, uye kusarudzwa wechipiri kunosiya pachake.

Kana ramangwana mutengi haribvumirani navamwe clauses chesungano, kana achitenda haina kutevedzera, ipapo anekodzero kutumira Kero sangano wakarurama kuramba kusaina chibvumirano uye vanoda zvakarurama nzvimbo maererano nomutemo. Kuti tidzivise mukakavadzane magwaro akadai anofanira kutumwa vakanyoresa tsamba pamwe kudzoka chionekeso zvakumbirwa.

Network Kutarisirwa vanosungirwa basa kudzidza bepa yakabereka, uye kupa mhinduro mutengi mukati 5 Mazuva okutambirwa wacho waiti tsamba. Nokuti kusaina chibvumirano kana achida kuramba mutengi anopiwa nguva mwedzi mumwe. Kana pashure nguva ino kwake hakuzovi chero chinhu, application kuti kubatana zviri akadzima.

Zvinokosha pfungwa chibvumirano

chibvumirano Chero zvinosanganisira zvinotevera ezvinhu, izvo zvinokosha kuti kubatana:

• mazita mabasa kuitwa, kana kunze kwezvinhu kubatana kwesimba mano;
• kuzvipira kumativi ose kuti pave chibvumirano;
• kupedza kunenge izvi kubatana;
• Pakusarudza basa kana kuti kutyora nechimwe chinhu chesungano, yakatangwa maererano nomutemo;
• rinoratidza chiyero operative basa vemapato uyere kutakura pfuma miganhu pamusoro magetsi samambure;
• muripo muzvigadzirwa kubatana maererano nemitemo;
• murayiro muripo basa ravo, uye vaiita kutapurirana Finance.

Administration pamusoro pomumbure sangano havagoni kumanikidza mutengi kuita zviito asina kufukidzwa hwokugadzira kubatana ezvinhu. Kambani arege zvinoda mutengi kuti zvibvumirano kumapati wechitatu Somuenzaniso, pamwe nemasangano kutanga basa, pamwe vatambi pamusoro kugadzwa zvivako uye network, uye vamwe. Chibvumirano nekuita pamwe nomumbure Kutarisirwa achipinda simba kubva musi ayo chionekeso, wakasainwa mutengi.

The vachibhadharisa pakuchinja riine nemambure

Nokuti subscribers vari chokuita nomumbure inokwana anosvika 15 KW hwagara huripo midziyo, mari ndiyo rubles 550 nomumwe kilowatt simba, iyo anosarudza papi. Rwokugadzirwa substantiation uye nokurondedzerwa vanobatanidzwa mutengo. The mutengo zvokubatanidza vanovengwa hombe uye svikiro kadikidiki emakambani yakawanda zvikuru.

Vagari vari nhengo dzisiri purofiti shamwari, magetsi wedzerai rinoitwa ari pakaunda uye nhamba rinowanikwa nevanhu vachiwedzera uwandu nhengo mudonzvo uye uwandu 550 rubles, akapa mumwe nomumwe wavo unopisa anopfuura 15 KW.

The dzasara Mapato vanoita kubhadhara kubatana panguva prices wakasiyiwa zviremera zvemo munzvimbo kukura wehurumende mutemo mitengo. The muripo anogona dzaona maererano kwezvipimo for kuvaka simba zvinomera kana mifananidzo for papi. Process kubatana pa mureza prices kunoratidza kuti pomumbure sangano anotarisira mari uchishandisa anotenderwa RECOM zvemagetsi Profile prices.

Mutengi anekodzero kuvaka samambure pamwe ezvinhu ose zvekushandisa zvinodiwa, kana anoona kuti pfungwa iyi zvakawanda zvakanaka kwaari. Muchiitiko ichi rakundwa kuti bhodhi chete mashoko rinoda simba afoot kubatana chinoitwa kuita rimwe sangano samambure risina maruramiro panhau iyi.

Kunze komutemo riine dzemagetsi network

Vamwe vatengi anonyengera vari chokuita magetsi simba, kurishandisa kuti ivo pachavo vabatsirwe kana mumhuri kushandiswa, pasina kubhadhara mari ano rinodyiwa. Nokuti pemhondi kutyora mutemo akapa kwazvo mirango.

Nokuti kushandiswa magetsi kuti azvipfumise panguva pakaunda yokunzvenga mari zvirango, izvo akaverenga yoga mumwe nomumwe anenge avatadzira. Zvisiri pamutemo kubatana kuti afoot kunotemwa kubva yemaitiro, dzinokosha vomumatunhu iyo inosanganisira nguva uye kunze komutemo kubatana mutsetse vanokwanisa panguva kubatana pfungwa. Ichi kukarukureta kuzvitonga zvakafanana kushanda nokuti multi-storey chivako nokuda private zvekutepfenyura. Pakusarudza chitsama akanaka rinoitwa:

• kubudikidza mutengi for ichi boka uye maererano voltage kirasi;
• akatorwa vakaverenga daily kudyiwa magetsi pane imwe nguva;
• Zvinonzi kuonekwa mazuva panguva iyo kutyora kwakaitika apo magetsi kushandiswa.

Electrical kubatana kumba kubva pambiru

Magetsi dzaibatanidzwa, ukuwo, mambure achivaratidza anokosha mvumo kuti akazvimirira chokuita kuti voltage bhuku, ivo pachavo kubereka kusingagumi kwakadaro. Kubatanidza magetsi kune chivako chokugara ari kukumbira mvumo kubatanidza uye kushandisa dzemagetsi ukapisa murwi ari mashoko inopiwa kambani.

Agamuchira mvumo, unogona batanidza magetsi kumba nemaoko ake pachake. Hazvina kutora nguva yakawanda, asi kutanga unofanira kusarudza sei kumhanya waya kubatanidza mumisha kusvikira mains:

• nokuiswa mumhepo;
• wiring nzira yakavanzwa (pachivande).

Kuburikidza mbiru rinoitwa nendege hoses. Ndiyo nzira inonyanya zvinowanzovapo akapedzisa magetsi kumba, akaita tichibatsirwa waya pamwe kuturika wire kana warrior waya inoshandiswa. Manually kuti nyore waya anofanira vakakoshesa chikamu hwakasimba simbi waya chikamu kwete asingasviki 3 mm kushandisa kutara okusungisa.

Agadzirira warrior waya iri zvemuchadenga mwanda waya, iro rinoumbwa electrically conductive conductors, kuputira, uye riri mukati waya, yaunopiwa waya zvinodiwa simba pamusoro mhepo gusts uye icing at muchando. For yeimwe kushandiswa muchiso sveta-4 waya, umo tambo vari akagadzirwa aruminiyamu kana simbi. Cable sarudzo yakaitwa zvichienderana nokuti, zvakadini ndiye wiring uye zvichakanganisa sei mamiriro ezvinhu nemari mutengi.

Nokuti kugadzira tambo vachishandisa chaiwo clip pamusoro mhando zvimiso kuti akaisa imwe neimwe core. Air branching kuti kushandisa zvimiso kuti mhando dzomuzana. The wiring iri vakayambuka rusvingo kumicheto, uye ipapo chokuita kuti mita. Kana kunze weimba vakaronga kuisa stabilizer, nhovo anoitwa kuti murichengete.

Mukugumisa, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvose nemitemo nemirayiro, iro rinoitwa muzvigadzirwa kubatana kwesimba mano vanorondedzerwa magwaro SNIP, vanotungamirirwa nawo, inodzidzisa anogona kuita nyore kubatana dzedenga mbiru nzira. Pashure pokutsvaga basa kutonga sangano, runoenzanirana gwaro kugamuchirwa, uye magetsi riine dzimba mamiriro anonzi kwakakwana.