Ndezvipi dialectics uye chii zvimiro zvayo?

Chii dialectic? We vakajaira nehanya rive mhando pfungwa kuti rinopa kubatana kusiyana uye kunoratidza dzinokosha muupenyu. Zvisinei, zvakaitika kwete kamwe. Historical chimiro dialectics iripo kubvira Antiquity. Platonic pfungwa, Categories Aristotle, ivo universals Ages scholasticism, mananara uye noumena Kant, uye pakupedzisira, nenhungamiro Hegel - zvose navo mumwe dhigirii kana mumwe kuuya pasi tsanangudzo iyi kana ane zvinhu zvayo.

Ndezvipi dialectics uye sei kuti pave muchikwata chacho?

Categories vanoratidza kutsvaka musimboti dialectics, izvo vanoumba mufananidzo wenyika. Dzinomirira mukuru zvinhu hunhu vasiri vamwe, uye yose nechadenga. Kuburikidza Mapoka aya, unogona kunzwisisa zvose, ayo upenyu uye kukura, zvichida nzira isu fungidzira izvi zvose rinomirirei. mhando iyi pfungwa dzevanhu vari kuumbwa pane dzimwe zvokukura kukura uzivi. Kuti aite izvi, pane dzimwe prerequisites - socio-tsika, munhoroondo, vachifunga. Tisati tapindura mubvunzo chii dialectics, vanhu vokutanga vakaedza kuwana chii nguva, nzvimbo, inofamba, nyaya. Kureva, vanosvika chakatangwa izwi rinotsanangura zvayo chaizvo pfungwa. First dialectic iripo mune ruzivo chaizvo siyana. Zvadaro - muchimiro pfungwa dzechitendero uye mitemo dzouzivi. Kune Mapoka matsva zivo, izvo zvinoratidzwa mutauro. Ivo vakava marangwanda inotungamirwa kushandisa pfungwa. Ava, pfungwa kwouzivi wakasika vaakasarudza mashoko kare chete vakanyorwa nomuzvarirwo ndoziva hazvisi pachena.

Chii dialectic zvayo chikuru unhu

The dialectic of huripo uye rinotsanangura ukama wezvose. Mapoka kwarwo nokudenga siyana pfungwa, dzaibatanidza ruzivo uye chimiro, ontology uye epistemology. Vanodawo anokosha pfungwa kuti ndiyo inonyanya dzichiitika chimiro akataura huru yokukurukura muchadenga. Ndiyo mitemo kupfuura isingachinji mafungiro kwacho. Mapoka aya dzikarongwa pamwe zvakafanana Dzokuvaka kuti uvake mufananidzo: rimwe - talk zvakafanana - musiyano uwandu - quality, nyore - zvakaoma, chikamu - rose, finite - hazviperi. Ivo zvinosanganisirawo tsanangudzo dzakadaro yezvisikwa, kuti Chiitiko uye zvazviri, chikonzero - Chaizvoizvo, zvakafanira - zvichibvira, uye zvichingodaro. naizvozvo Dialectics iri panguva imwechete uye pfungwa, izvo, sezvo Aristotle aiti, zvechokwadi kunoratidza huripo munyika. It inodzidza categorical maumbirwo mafungiro ayo epistemological nerevane uye anoita kwayo munhoroondo kuongorora. Rinotaurawo rinoongorora misimboti uye mitemo paumbwe ruzivo, ayo achichinja kubva imwe gadziriro nomumwe, uyewo yokusafa kupokanidzana pake. In ano Western uzivi sezvo nzira vakaziva uye dialectic, uye ayo zvinotsiva. Sewevhu somuenzaniso mubumbiro yakakurumbira bhuku rakanyorwa Kuhn "The Structure pamusoro Scientific nokumukirana." Uyezve, panewo yepakutanga siyana ari dialectic, akadai muuzivi Frankfurt School (Habermas uye Horkmayer). It anosiyanisa mhando mbiri nzira iyi ichiita mabasa akawanda. Zviri pamusoro dialectic pamusoro Kujekerwa, kubva izvo, maererano nevafungi kuumbwa uye Hegelianism, uye Marxism, uye mumwe - kunaka. Munguva ichangopfuura, vanotenda nzira isina zvinetso kutonga uye simba.