Ndiani ane anarchist uye zvaanoda?

Remakore rechimakumi maviri kwaiva nguva kukura siyana evanhu dzidziso, achiratidza chido kufunga nhengo kwenzanga kuvandudza magariro ukama. Maererano nevazivi vakawanda, vaimbi, uye dzimwe nguva vanhuwo townsfolk, vanhu yasvika munhu akafa magumo yebudiriro, kuti goho izvo unomirira munhu nyore, uye munhu - kwakaoma zvisingaiti.

nevafungi Most aibvumirana kuti hukama pakati munzanga, yakavakirwa zvikurukuru pamusoro tichigombedzerwa uye pfuma, zvichiita kuti degeneration yevanhu. Chinovhiringidza dzimwe zvikamu vokuparidzira kuchaitika sokuvapo mamiriro ariko, uye nokushanda hakudzivisiki ari ezvinhu ukama chinokosha-mari, - vaiva yokubatana Social Democrats uye Marxists.

At kwezana remakore vava nevakawanda zvikuru gangaidzo uye kukuru pfungwa, zvikurukuru vaya kundodana zvibviswe mudzi wezvakaipa zvose - simba pacharo, akaratidza pachena kurongeka munzanga.

Shoko "mhirizhonga" anopa pfungwa mukuru ndiani ane anarchist. The chivakashure "en" mumutauro wechiGiriki anoenderana Russian "kwete" kana "kwete" uye "arhie" rinoreva simba. Saka munhu anoramba yakaumbwa kwemazana emakore ari hierarchical maumbirwo kurapa vanhu, rinomiririra pasinei Pyramid pamusoro pevatongi chiri namambo, autocrat, mudzvinyiriri akabvuta chigaro kana purezidhendi nevanhu akasanangurwa.

On wokuti ndiani ane anarchist, vanhu vakawanda akakurira yaitonga Soviet Union, kuti zvirokwazvo kupindura: "Saka Papandopulo" Mumwe angadai akafunga pamusoro Nestor Makhno, ane mufananidzo chakaumbwa unyanzvi mugovanisi realism, kusina shoma caricature. The tsananguro iyi kutsvetera kuti dzidziso mhirizhonga vakasununguka kukura unhu nyore.

A zvakafanana chiitiko kubva Soviet nhoroondo firimu, nyaya zviitiko Civil War: Anarchist dema mureza pamwe sirogani "Anarchy - amai muhurongwa!", Waving pamusoro vazhinji mumapepanhau. Pane simba Bolshevik commissar uyo, vasingateereri kutyisidzira, pashure hurukuro pfupi dzinouyisa Pfungwa kukunda. Ndiani ane anarchist, muKomonisiti unonzwa uye anotora divi rake? Kazhinji tsinga, chandinoziva pamusoro murimi mudiki mutemo, akanyonganisa uye kumeso pane zvipikirwa akanaka. Mushure Bolshevik akasvinudza meso ake, pakarepo anoenda Red Army.

Nokuti zvose kufanana chinangwa yakataurwa "yechiKomonisiti Manifesto" uye akaratidza nokuparadzwa chokupedzisira mamiriro, ivo Marxists vakati richiwanika somugumisiro wacho mugovanisi chimurenga kwaizotevera kuvakwa. Nemamwe mashoko, kudzvinyirira midziyo achafa nekukurumidza wakasimbisa. Ndiwo musiyano mukuru pakati Russian Marxists muzita Trotsky uye Ulyanov (Lenin) kubva bakunintsev, kropotkintsev kana Tolstoyans.

Kufanana zhinji evanhu mananara, anarchism yakakamurwa anoverengeka kuitika. Vazhinji vavo vane mafungiro kuna musika upfumi, asi vamwe iri nyaya iyi maonero akasiyana. Mubvunzo uyo ari anarchist omunhu oga uye sei zvakasiyana kubva anarchist-syndicalist kana anarchist nokukurumidza, chikuru chokuratidza ndiwo maonero chaiyo.

Panguva ino Danho munyika dzakawanda post-Soviet basa rehurumende anowanzova chete nekunhonga mitero uye nokudzivirira zvinodiwa elites ainzi vachitonga. Kusavapo kana kunyanyisa chishoma munzanga inopikira, munhu wenhamo zvemagariro akachengeteka, nekusagona uye kusada nezviremera kugadzirisa nyaya idzi kukonzera zvikamu vemo vari zvakakomba haarambi richibatsira yavo. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, ipapo mumwe, ipapo imwe yakazvimirira nyika vakaumba mubatanidzwa wavo vapanduki. havaoni Its vanoziva neyamapani tariro enyika vanotungamirirwa kufamba kwavo, asi mumwe nhamba vatsigiri mhirizhonga nguva dzose. Kazhinji, vari ukama mhirizhonga sezvo musoro, asi hope dzakanaka.