Nematarakita anofamba Russia: yokutevedzera, michina maitiro. Russian akagadzirwa nematarakita anofamba

Munguva nematarakita anofamba Soviet zvakaitwa wayo akazaruka dzezvimwe (uye mugove akaitwa iri nharaunda Russia weshumba), zvichida ndicho chakanakisisa munyika. Munguva 90s, apo Russian musika okurima midziyo rakanga vakadzikama, yakanga nokukurumidza yazara nemotokari American, European uye Chinese. Today Russian akagadzirwa nematarakita anofamba zvishoma nezvishoma vachawanazve mukurumbira wayo vaimbova. The iri nyore: Vari dzakashandisa chero okunze uye kwete chaizvo zvichiwedzera pamusoro unhu mafuta. Nhasi tiri kutarisa inonyanya kufarirwa tarakita mafekitari muRussia uye dzavo pamusoro yokutevedzera.

Volgograd chirimwa

Chisarudzo kuvaka chirimwa ichi chakaitwa muna 1926. Rakava rokutanga maindasitiri emakambani, akavaka maererano urongwa nokukurumidza kwemaindasitiri Soviet Union. Kusvikira 1961, chirimwa chainzi Stalingrad TK navo. F. E. Dzerzhinskogo. Kuvaka zvivako yaro akapindwa Nyanzvi Western. Interesting ndechokuti chirimwa yakavakwa muna US, ipapo namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara uye otumirwa chidimbu chimwe kuna USSR, apo ungano vakamutora 6 mwedzi. Huripo chirimwa ichaongororwa kubvira 1930. Nokukurumidza ndakawana mamiriro rimwe zvikuru kubudiswa nomupedzachose nematarakita anofamba muRussia.

The kambani unyanzvi mune yakawana motokari. Chikonzero chacho chiri pachena - akasiyana mavhiri yokutevedzera panguva kushanda haina kukuvadza zvakaturikidzaniswa ivhu rakaorera. Uyezve, yakawana motokari, nemhaka wayo kwazvo makwara, ane hombe kukwanisa uye permeability. Zvisinei, muti haana kuronga kuti kuzorora laurels atinoita kubudirira. Mamaneja zano iri kugadzwa nyaya uye mavhiri shanduro. The kupfuura mukurumbira Russian yakawana tarakita Volgograd chirimwa - DT-75 Tu-100. Ngationgororei navo zvizere.

DT-75

Tarakita DT-75 - nomupedzachose, zvachose zvokurima nyika. Muna 2013, panguva Volgograd chirimwa ndipo rechi50 gore rokusunungura muenzaniso uyu. The chigadzirwa ndiyo hombe Crawler tarakita kurimwa munyika USSR. Kuburikidza mubatanidzwa maitiro akanaka (upfumi, nyore, serviceability) uye pasi mutengo chikwata kuwana mukurumbira wakanaka mudzimai kumusika.

Panguva kugadzirwa tarakita DT-75 kakawanda modernized. Kusvikira 2009, yakanga yabudisa uye vakatengesa makopi anopfuura 2741. Mukupera Muzhizha 2009, mumwe tarakita restyling kwakaitika. The yoku- womuenzaniso ane zita idzva - "AGROMASH 90TG" uye akavandudzika unongotaura. Tarakita akashongedzerwa aine mberi itsva, purasitiki Hood, uyewo zvakatipoteredza noushamwari injini Finnish Sisu. Ruvara achinja kubva chinyakare dzvuku kuti rwedenga uye achachena Orange dzokuAustralia. The mugadziri hakuzofadzi kuti muenzaniso kugadzirwa, sezvazvakaita kwakakurumbira chaizvo varimi.

Bt-100

Kutaura zvazviri, muenzaniso uyu ndiyo upgraded shanduro yapfuura mumwe. Tarakita VT-100 ane 4th kirasi traction uye vakagadzirira pamwe 130-horsepower injini D-422-24, akashongedzerwa ane turbine, mhepo heatsink uye AIR. Kubva "mukoma guru" muenzaniso wo inobudisa ane yoku- rokunyaradza kabhini, mutsva mhando mhepo separator uye aigona kupetwa Hood. Injini, kuva simba kwazvo uye mari, ivhu kurapwa iri kaviri sezvo zvibereko simba chirimwa DT-75. Muchiitiko ichi chiri 20% yakawanda mwero havi.

Shanduro dzakawanda dzave vakabudirira vakashandisa nokuda mupunga zvakasikwa pachishandiswa Bt-100, bhiti, mutsara zvirimwa, uyewo kana kushanda yemichero uye yemizambiringa. On chete hwaro dziripo zvikatapira uye nematarakita anofamba pakuvaka uye mugwagwa mabasa. Zvichienderana injini womuenzaniso inowanika mushanduro maviri: HT-100D (injini D-442-24) uye Bt-100N (SMD-20TA injini).

Kutapukirwa chendangariro Minimum simba kurasikirwa panguva kumusoro rakavimbika. In muenzaniso kushandiswa kumanikidzwa lubrication ezvinhu, imwe Yaw mashandiro pnevmoservirovaniem uye hutachiwana pamwe nokugara pajira riya rachulis. Nokuda yakadzikama njanji-akatasva hurongwa chendangariro kumeso kumhanya uye usingashandi kukanganisa ivhu.

kuChelyabinsk chirimwa

Tinoramba kuona Russia uye tarakita makambani zvibereko pavo. KuChelyabinsk tarakita chirimwa uyewo unyanzvi kweShanduro yakawana motokari. On inogona zvavakanga vachida kuita anoita zvikatapira, izvo watambira mukurumbira kwete chete muRussia uye kunyika yaimbova Soviet Union, asi muna Europe.

Zviri panguva kuChelyabinsk chirimwa akaita bhurudhoza yakarova Guinness Book of Records sezvo guru muchina Panyika. Record chakagadzwa 1990, akava muenzaniso T-800. The kupfuura zvakanaka vakaziva musi chirimwa inokurukurwa kuti nematarakita anofamba zvikatapira B-10M, B-12 uye B-13. About navo uye kutaura.

B-10M

Bhurudhoza tarakita ari upgrading chigadzirwa mhando T-10 kuChelyabinsk chirimwa. Munhoroondo muenzaniso, iye akapiwa 75 okunatsiridza. Shanduro Older vari aigara achiudza uye modernized. Huru hwokugadzira mhinduro kuti dzave chinozoiswa:

1. Kushandiswa-refu sitiroko sepombi. Izvi kwakaderedza kwokudzvinyirira kwomunhu hydraulic ezvinhu 40% uye kwakawedzera upenyu hwayo.
2. Point zvaizopedza sepombi hwakawanda. chiyero ichi kuchaderedza simba kupinda uye chipande vachasimudza, uyewo kuwedzera wayo kumhanya uye kururama kufamba.
3. Updating kuti marongerwo yacho injini mupanda. Inopa vakasununguka kuenda injini yokuzvigadzirisa.
4. The yoku- pamasikiro hemispherical chipasa. chiyero Izvi zvakakonzera kuwedzera muchina negoho kubudikidza 20%.

The muenzaniso akagadzirirwa kushanda pasi kuti muchikwata yechitatu pasina rokutanga kusunungura, ivhu chikamu 4 ne kusunungura, nechando pasi akatyoka matombo. Bhurudhoza zvakafanana zvakanaka kutsungirira basa mhepo panguva dzakasiyana tembiricha mwando.

B-12

The namaapuro bhurudhoza ichi vakashandisa zvinogadzirisa kuti vaedzwa pamusoro yapfuura womuenzaniso, uye zvinoverengeka itsva zviitiko. The muenzaniso iri nepokuongorora Diesel V-zvakaumbwa injini YaMZ-234 B4, iro rine turbocharged mafuta zvitengeswa. Power chirimwa 250 horsepower. The tarakita iri nepokuongorora hydraulic zvokuimba hutachiwana, zvinoratidza 3 shure uye mberi rudzi.

Track yakawedzera kusvika 2080 neMM, izvo zvinoita kuti tikwanise yokugadza shangu nomupedzachose 560 kana 690 mm. Kureba rutsigiro pamusoro ndiyo 3182 mm. Technical zvechadenga mudziyo kubvumira kutakura kuti rechi15 kirasi traction.

B-13

Kufunga tarakita Russia, tasvika kwazvo yemhando bhurudhoza kugadzirwa nevanhu kuChelyabinsk chirimwa. Mainjiniya mukanyanya kwete chete pane zvekushandisa chikamu, asiwo pamasikiro muenzaniso. It anosangana zvinodiwa zvose kuitika European. Bhurudhoza Vaine ichangobva michina mikuru. Zvinonzi akashongedzerwa ane injini YaMZ 236-B4, ine inokwana 230 horsepower. The chikuru chepfungwa muenzaniso - mukana nechavangapomerwa basa mamiriro mamiriro okunze. The chikwata rakagadzirirwa kushanda pakuvaka, reclamation, migodhi, mafuta nezvimwewo maindasitiri apo vaishandisa rinorema michina. Kazhinji mashoko okuti "New tarakita Russia" rinoreva muenzaniso uyu.

Kirovsky chirimwa

Ndiwo fekitari yokupedzisira, naye takasangana, tichifunga waiti "Russian akagadzirwa nematarakita anofamba." The kambani iri kuSt Petersburg. Rayakavambwa shure muna 1801. Nhasi chirimwa ndiro rakakura kupfuura mamwe ose agro-maindasitiri kunzwisisa. Uye kamwe akanga achitungamirira reSoviet tarakita akatevedzana. Muna 1924, ungano mutsetse akaenda "Fordson" nematarakita anofamba, vakanga vari vokutanga muSoviet Union. 1962 iri kuonekwa kuti rinokosha kambani. Model "Kirovets-700" kwakatangwa July 13, waiva pakutanga hombe dzinotevedzana inorema zvokurima zvinoshandiswa. With azvino shanduro iyi muenzaniso dzino takasangana.

"Kirovets K 9000"

It nguva yokukurukura mavhiri tarakita Made in Russia. "Kirovets K 9000" iri rinorema tarakita, icho anogadzirwa mushanduro shanu uye ndezvaiye wa9 drawbar muchikwata. Nyaya dzino dzakatevedzana michina takashongedzerwa mana nemavhiri uye ane articulated puranga. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, pasinei ndainakidzwa chaizvo kwokunze kukura, magadzirirwo anozvikudza munhu flotation akanaka uye maneuverability. Nematarakita anofamba "Kirovets", wongororo iyo asimbise dzavo kwazvo kukurukurwa uye simba quality, akashongedzerwa aine Diesel powerplant pamusoro Mersedes-Benz. Engine simba dzingasiyana-siyana kuwanda 354-516 horsepower. The tarakita anoshandisa hydro-zvokuimba hutachiwana uye zvakasimbisa motokari. The kabhini kunoratidzwa LEVEL kunyaradzwa. Michina dzino vane Nokusimudzwa inokwana 8.5 10 matani.

Mini-tarakita

Kukurukura Russian zvokurima nematarakita anofamba, hatigoni kufuratira Mini-tarakita. Ndivo michina kuti zvichienzaniswa dzavo "hama mukuru" duku kukura oornag mutengo. Kazhinji, Mini-nematarakita anofamba anoshandiswa pasina pfungwa kushandisa vezvikwata dzakakwirira kudyiwa huni - mune diki private mapurazi. Kuzvishandisa zvinangwa zvakasiyana: kurima, kudyara kana kukohwa, uye zvichingodaro. Somuenzaniso, funga mashoko Russian minitractor "Uralets".

Nhoroondo muenzaniso uyu muna kuChelyabinsk, apo boka "Tractor" akaita vabatana ne "Interagro" Makambani. The yokupedzisira vagara mumiriri pamutemo pakati Chinese motokari kuRussia. pakupedzisira mushandirapamwe pakati makambani zvakatungamirira chii chave raparurwa kugadzirwa mutsara Mini-nematarakita anofamba "Uralets" muna 2011. The Range ine mienzaniso mitatu, rimwe nerimwe tichava kutsanangura pazasi.

"Uralets 160"

Ndicho dukusa pakati yokutevedzera. Its mira Diesel injini anopa dzinokwana 16 horsepower. The mudziyo anoyera isingasviki tani, saka zviri nani simba kuti yakadzika kurima. Kufanana zvose "Urals", muenzaniso ane 4 mberi rachulis uye 2 neizvi. Kuwedzera dzinodhura chakagadzirwa nyore hydraulic hurongwa odzokera turera, ane kutaridza bhatiri netambo uye kuva kwemavhiri kuti mitoro. Kana kutsvakwa, unogona kutenga shanduro yakaderera-Profile Dual mavhiri.

"Uralets 180"

Shanduro iyi anotova maviri humburumbira 18-horsepower Diesel injini. simba Tractive mudziyo uri zvishoma yepamusoro, uyewo uremu. Zvisinei, kusvikira mumwe tani, achiri asinganyimi.

"Uralets 220"

Ndiwo itsva uye zvinovimbisa womuenzaniso. Zvave 22-horsepower injini uye yakakura uremu. Kuwedzera ichi, zvinokwanisika kuti arayire munhu differential zvechizarira. Kunyange zvazvo shanduro iyi anonzi ari flagship pakati mienzaniso vaduku panguva chirimwa haana kukanganwa. Mugadziri zvokurimisa purogiramu achitenga "Ural'tsev" akwegura uye inopa discounts pamusoro vatsva.

mhedziso

Nhasi takadzidza nemi, chii chinoumba Russian tarakita. Chokutanga, sei vakasiyana zvavo vatorwa dzomuzana - iri nyore uye zviri nyore. Chimwe chakanakira mudzimba midziyo - hapana zvinetso kupembedza zvikamu kutsvaka. mugove breakdowns The weshumba panobviswa zvakananga kusango, pamberi zivo inokosha pamusoro user. nematarakita anofamba Russian vane yakakwirira kumucheto nokuchengeteka uye basa iri mamiriro ekunze.

Pakati akaipa mativi zvinogona kucherechedzwa kukwana tinova unhu. Kunyange mhando itsva vane matambudziko namafuta leakage, sizvo nokushanda hydraulic uye CPR. Uye zvinenge Russian tarakita zvose regai zvinodiwa European kuchengetedza zviwanikwa. Kunze miti vaiona nhasi, pane dzimwe, shoma vanozivikanwa uye chinokosha. Takaonana nezvakanakisisa makambani kuti chaizvoizvo kutarisirwa.