Chakarova-541: Magadzirirwo

Muna 1956, kuti Banga Towing chakarova-541 yakagadzirirwa uye akavaka panguva Minsk Automobile Plant kuti ndege huru kwazvo. Yaiva chete chirongwa, anosarudza Hurumende of USSR maererano kudikanwa kuumba simba ndege Towing. Nyanzvi Bureau chakarova nokukurumidza akapa mapepa, uye akatanga vaungana rakasiyana nemamwe muchina. Just matatu tarakita chakarova-541 zvakabudiswa pakutanga danho. On the fekitari bvunzo nzvimbo vaedzwa zvigadzirwa zvitsva kwazvo.

kushanda

Chakarova-541, Aerodrome itsva chizvarwa tarakita chakatsiva muchiuto Marori chakarova-535, izvo zvaishandiswa panguva iyoyo nokuda Towing ndege huru. Simba mashanu namakumi matatu namashanu haawanzotauri zvakakwana kuita kuti ndege kune imwe muviri kukwirira chakarova-535 haana kubvumira motokari tichandokandwa zvakananga pasi nomuviri ndege, uye zvakanga zvakakodzera kushandisa chimwezve tsvimbo kureba panaakabatanidzwa pamwechete.

The Tug itsva yakaitwa nepfungwa understated Sedan mhando. Chakarova-541 Chokwadi, ndiye chete munyika tarakita nechitarisiko chavo mumotokari. Zvisinei, motokari rakava ari category "motokari dziri" aigona chete kuva zvimiso, sezvo mavhiri pamusoro norudo vaiva kure diki. Vakanga akakweretwa kubva pamberi rori YAZ-214, uye shure akagadzirwa chakarova-525 marara rori.

Chakarova-541 aiva mana nemavhiri pamwe hunyambiri, mauri pamberi ekisero anogona seisingadi kuita zvakawanda muungano kana kunodiwa. Traction tarakita mavhiri pamwe mugwagwa yakanga yakanaka kunonyanyisa traction.

Dual kuzvidzora

Basa vachikweva ndege chokuita nedzimwe mitemo achifambisa. Naizvozvo, muchina zvinodzorwa nerimwe hunyambiri mudhiraivho. Inside, vaviri vari yakazvimirira mumwe, "doughnut" kunge yakaiswa. Mumwe vhiri yaiva senguva nzvimbo nechemberi kurutivi rworuboshwe, uye mumwe yaiva Tsanga yacho yaichekwa shure kurutivi rworudyi. Other anotonga, batira chitiviri, akamedura uye akisarareta vari kudzokororwa. Urongwa Izvi zvaida specificity achifambisa tarakita.

Mashandiro wokutanga chakarova-541 akaratidza nemigumisiro yakanaka pabvunzo muoti. Mumuchina nyore towed Il-62, Tu-114 Tu-144, kunyange "yokuwirirana". Mushure rori vakapfuura zvose miedzo, Bazi Aviation Industry of USSR akarayira mberi 13 motokari. Zvisinei, nematarakita anofamba havana kusunungurwa nokuda kuchinja hwokugadzira nokurondedzerwa uye kuchinja of Minsk kufekitari kugadzirwa zvakawanda ano siyana Aerodrome michina.

ndangariro

Airdrome Marori chakarova-541 akaramba munhoroondo motokari sechinhu rakasiyana muenzaniso hwokusika okugadzira. Akava shasha yake uremu mukirasi, uye, chokwadi, akanga asina kuenzana. Nokukurumidza, pasi, nematarakita anofamba itsva, simba uye zvatinogadzira hazvigoni kunyatsotevedzera zvinoita, kuti mabasa okuwedzera mabasa ngarava. Asi zvose huripo makopi mazana mashanu namakumi mana vakabudirira basa rokutanga kusvikira kumugumo manonwe.

Kwenguva yakareba, asi ndege Towing tarakita kuita rimwe basa kuti anogona kunzi unokudzwa. A motokari akasangana de dzakawanda kuna Sheremetyevo, iye sokuti kuti anomiririrwa "Aeroflot", uye nokudaro yose nyika. Mumaziso Vashanyi yokumwe chakarova-541 aiva mumwe kubudirira kwakaita Soviet avhiyesheni indasitiri. Kupendwa mune chiedza ocher ruvara, muchina yakabereka usingarondedzereki mwoyo apo saunter pamusoro yakafarikana nzvimbo asati auya purofiti kubva kunze kwenyika liner. Vatorwa vakaburuka vachibva manera uye vakaedza zvose zvinoreva mufananidzo hofori motokari.

Zvino, pashure pokunge vabuda rori Vakaendeswa muchikepe yokupakira mijenya, zvakanga chaiyo chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo chiito, uye navatorwa vakanga vatova vari chinouraya pakuvaka, achangobva akadzitora makamera kuti kunyange kure, asi kukomba zvaishamisa.

Weight-chakarova 54 Banga tarakita aiva zvishoma pane matani 30, asi saka muchina akatarisa zvikuru naka. Zvakafanira gwaro inopa simba tangi Diesel injini dzakakwirira kunyatsoshanda. Giant rori raiva chiwanikwa chaicho runway uye vose dzakapoteredza nzvimbo Sheremetyevo Airport.

Chakarova-541: Magadzirirwo

Nouremu parameters:

• tarakita urefu - 7800 mm;
• kukwirira - 2200 mm;
• upamhi - 3400 mm;
• wheelbase - 4200 mm;
• Total uremu - matani 29;
• Wheel fomura - 4 X 4.

simba chirimwa

The Injini akatasva pamusoro tarakita kubva tangi mazita - D-12a.

• Uwandu sepombi - 12.
• Gas Kuparadzirwa mashandiro (RM) - ari panhongonya.
• Configuration - sepombi V-zvakaumbwa.
• Capacity - 300 litres. a.
• The kunonyanyisa traction mutoro - matani 85.
• mafuta kuyerera - 130 litres muzana 100 makiromita.
• Mafuta kunwa pamusoro Banga nzvimbo - marita 45 paawa.

Kutapukirwa kukweshera, rakagadzirirwa vakawanda vatame kubva pitikoti. Transmissions dzakachinjwa, mbiri-chikuva, pamwe chete neizvi giya.

chassis

Mumuchina akashongedzerwa mbiri chinoramba Bridge, pakati izvo pane hypoid yemapuraneti zvigadziriswe. Vachishandisa kutenderera hwindimiri mugodhi uye kuchinjwa nyaya iri chakasvitswa mavhiri kuburikidza semiaxes pamwe flanges kuguma, izvo vashumire hunowedzera pomukombero.

Vose Suspension chitubu yanyatsosimba. Chikomboredzo yaainge mumarori chakarova-525. Suspension pamusoro parabolic anounganidzwa machira pamwe rezasi rutsigiro. Nokuda yakaderera progibaemosti pasuru kufambisa rori raiva rakaoma, asi havana kunyevenutsa muchirimo, sezvo paiva ngozi subsidence uye kuvadza motokari pasi yayo uremu.

Gozvo goona pamberi ekisero pivot design, uyewo honye-hypoid giya vhiri wakatorwa kubva yemauto chakarova-535. Mutyairi aifanira kuita zvose zvaanogona kuti kutsausa mudhiraivho, saka nzvimbo mutyairi tarakita akatora chete simba uye akasimba mauto yendege mabasa kambani.

Modelling

Kufanana zvisingawanzoitiki Zviitiko zvose imotokari, norudo ndege kutevedzera muchidimbu akamboona. Technical kopi chakarova-541-1: 43, apo achangobuda inofananidza anoratidza rapanzvimbo chigadzirwa anogona kuva vakakodzera zviratidzwa chero muunganidzwa.