Nezvekwakabva shoko "penzura". Item Kukosha ari unyanzvi

Shoko "penzura" ndiko saka kujairana kwatiri kuti hapana akafunga nezvachinoreva uye kupi mutauro wokuRussia. Zvichakadai, shoko akazviratidza kwedu mutauro mukuru uye ane simba ari emakore mashoma apfuura. Nezvekwakabva shoko "penzura" hakusi chakavanzika. Nyanzvi dzemitauro kare akasarudza yawo mavambo. Shoko pacharo hausi chizvarwa Russian, uye rasvika kwatiri kubva mumwe mutauro. Apo iwe, verenga mberi ...

Kana paiva penzura

Pakuonekwa muupenyu yokunyorwa huchashandiswa kunyange vakura kupfuura shoko pacharo. chinhu ichi chakaonekwa remakore namatatu. Raishandiswa nemazuva iwayo, chete vemifananidzo. Ivo dzakabatanidzwa nhete sirivha waya kuti mubato. Vadzime kuti charted, zvakanga zvisingaiti. Lead penzura akanyora namazuva iwayo vakuru Portraits. chidobi akadaro akashandisa Artist wokuGermany uye kuronga Albrecht Durer.

Kunyange makore zana nyika yakashama Italian penzura. Mabikirwo ayo gadzira kwakaoma. Nomubato penzura rakagadzirwa shale!

Mabviro ezwi rokuti

Nezvekwakabva shoko "penzura" chokuita mutauro Turkic. Yakauya mumutauro Russian kubva Turkic muzana remakore rechigumi nemashanu. Shoko "penzura" aumbwa coalescence nheyo mbiri: "Kara" rinoreva "mutema" uye "nokuputsanya" - a "dombo" kana "dombo". Mudzi "mutongo" aripo nemashoko mazhinji Russian. Somuenzaniso: zita reguta Karasuk rinoreva "mvura dema", nokuti yakanga yakateyiwa pamahombekombe erwizi.

Penzura: zvichireva

makore 200 Vladimir Ivanovich Dal mu duramazwi yake tsananguro rinorondedzerwa shoko "penzura".

1. graphite ichi kana Zvisaririra randinogara nesimbi uye marasha.
2. Graphite prutochkom rakapinzwa kumicheto repuranga aida kuti mufanidzo uye mamwe basa rokusika.
3. Chero yakaoma pendi mu prutochkah wokucheresa uye kunyora yakaoma pendi uye pastels.

anoreva zvakafanana

Kungofanana chero shoko, uye penzura mumutauro wokuRussia ane anoreva zvakafanana. Kushandiswa kwavo kwakarurama achavaponesa akapoteredza yauri akaisa yakatsiva shoko. Saka, shoko rokuti "chinyoreso" inogona kutsiviwa nemashoko: avtokarandash, leguleian, kunyora, Wedding, uye zvichingodaro.

With shoko "penzura" iri Russian chirevo. Anoti kuti penzura rakagadzirirwa kunyora, uye nenyundo - nokuchengetedza.

Pencil iwe

Nezvekwakabva shoko "penzura" atopiwa anozivikanwa kwamuri. Uye vazhinji vedu vanoziva kuti mufananidzo achinyora inks, crayons nepenzura. Kana mufananidzo anoratidzwa ne penzura, ipapo unyanzvi iyi unyanzvi kupenda anonzi Graphics. Asi rudzi ano haazivi kuti munguva yeSoviet sekasi munhandare vairidza yakanaka uye rakajeka chigure Pencil - Mikhail Rumyantsev.

Rimwe zuva akanga kuita zviri Tauride Garden. Rumyantsev aida kuenda pachikuva pasi pachikuva zita. It akatanga yakaoma kutsvaka sonorous uye asingakanganwiki okuti, kuparadzira leitmotif pamusoro miniatures ake. Kuva muna sekasi Museum, Mikhail Rumyantsev akaona mapepa uye Albums. Iye akabatwa ruoko ane Album pamwe caricatures kuti vanofarira chigure. Munyori ari cartoons aiva wokuFrance - karan d'Ash. Zvadaro, uye Rumyantsev akafungisisa pamusoro shoko. Nokushandisa shoko iri ari remadunhu-, akasarudza kuti nyaya panzira, kunyanya pakati pavana. Uye ndakarega panguva ino ainziwo chigure Mikhail Rumyantsev - Pencil.

mhedziso

Nhoroondo shoko "penzura" riri nyore. Zvinonzi akakweretwa kubva mutauro Turkic muzana remakore rechigumi nemashanu, izvo zvinoreva kuti hazvina chizvarwa Russian. Kutaurwa rokutanga nepenzura zvakanyorwa renhoroondo dzamadzimambo namanomwe remakore. A vakawanda kugadzirwa kunyora zviridzwa vakatanga pashure zana muGermany. Nezvekwakabva shoko "penzura" munoziva. Asi imi hamuna kunzwa chii rakanyorwa "Kohinur" pairi? The boka, iyo manufactures nepenzura, ainzi navo mukukudza nedhaimani se "Kohinur", izvo zvinoreva Persian "Mountain yechiedza".