Ng Chernyshevsky "Chii?": A itsva ongororo

A yokufananidzira ndeuke mabhuku Russian ndiye Nikolay Gavrilovich Chernyshevsky. "Ndinofanira kuitei?" - mumwe yokufungidzira, iyo vanhu vakawanda kufambidzana zita rake. Zvisinei, muzivi huru mabasa, mutsoropodzi uye publicist aisafunga rimwe basa chete.

Life Nemabasa

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, boka "Chernyshevsky /" Chii? "" Zvakasimba rakabayirwa mupfungwa vadzidzi. Nemhaka basa iri, munyori vanogona kunyatsonzi kunzi wokutanga Russian muzivi-utopian. By Chivimbo Chernyshevsky pachake aizviti munhu echimurenga democrat. Akanga akaberekerwa Saratov, mumhuri mupristi murombo. dzidzo Primary pamba pasi kutungamirirwa baba vake. Akabva apinda pachikoro, asi pasina nguva ndakaona kuti arege kunzwa rakapihwa kuti mabasa akadaro uye hwakatamisirwa St. Petersburg University, apo akadzidza nhoroondo, uzivi uye philology. Muna 1850, mumwe musayendisiti wechiduku vakagamuchira dhigirii yatenzi. Ake mamwe mabasa vakanga zvainanga kutsigira echimurenga pfungwa. "St. Petersburg Vedomosti", "Notes of Yababa", "Contemporary" - pamwe yepamusoro zvose shanduro idzi nokushingaira pamwe muduku Chernyshevsky. "Ndinofanira kuitei?" - mumwe yokufungidzira kuti kwaizounza mukurumbira - ipapo avapo chete ari muchimiro kujeka pfungwa yokunyora nokudhirowa.

kusunga

Nhasi zvinozivikanwa kuti kubvira 1861 Didenko aiva pasi kuramba zvokuongorora wemapurisa epachivande. Hapana vomunguva yake vakanga vasina mubvunzo kuti aishingaira muchirongwa drafting pamusoro Anti-hurumende nyaya uye kunyange chaibatanidzwa yakakurumbira moto 1862 muSt Petersburg. On June 12, munyori akasungwa uye akaisa ndoga uye Paul Fortress. Somukuru mukuru kupomera akatarisana kunyora achizivisa "Barsky vanhuwo zvavo." Chikonzero asungwa akatumwa kubva kunze sydäntä tsamba, iyo inoreva Chernyshevsky. "Ndinofanira kuitei?" - mumwe yokufungidzira kuti zvichinzi zvachose munhare.

Civil mutongo, nhapwa, rufu

February 7, 1864 munyori akatongerwa makore manomwe mujeri, zvichiteverwa muutapwa hwose kuSiberia. On 19 Dai Horse Square vomunyika mutongo Chernyshevsky yakaitwa. Vomumhuri uye vateveri vakawanda akasiyana nguva akakumbira kuti ruregerero, asi echimurenga kwakatangazve muna Saratov kwakaitika chete muna June 1889. Mumatsutso, akafa.

Chernyshevsky, "Ko kuita": Summary mabasa

The nganonyorwa rakanyorwa pamwe kuva polemic pamwe "Fathers uye Children" Turgenev. Maererano mutsara Chernyshevsky, akatanga kurondedzera "vanhuwo vakadzikama vanhu chizvarwa chitsva." The nechepakati vatambi mubhuku zvitatu: Vera Rozalskaya, Dmitry Lopukhov uye Aleksandr Kirsanov. Vera - mwanasikana maneja. Vanokara uye vanhuwo mai anoda kuti ape Woman zvinobetsera muchato, zvisinei anokudzwa uye anodada runako anosarudza kutora zvaitika mumaoko avo uye kugumisa muchato ane kurapwa mudzidzi Lopukhov. Hwavo upenyu hwemhuri yakavakirwa pamusoro pemisimboti kuremekedzana, kuenzana uye rusununguko. Vera kunyange akavhura yokusonesa workshop Tauriranai. Zvisinei, mufaro wavo haugari kwenguva refu refu - mukadzi wechiduku inowira kungoda yakanaka shamwari wake, Kirsanov. Dmitry Noble haadi kumira munzira dzavo, uye fakes kuzviuraya (kuna Vera aigona kuroorazve), uye ipapo vakaenda America, uko akadzidza maindasitiri kugadzirwa. Makore mashomanana gare gare iye akadzokera Russia pasi rakasiyana zita uye akaroora Ekaterine Polozovoy, mwanasikana akapfuma industrialist. Sezvingatarisirwa, mhuri mbiri chaizvo kutaura chinangwa kuvaka nzanga "mutsva". Saka anopedzisa kuti yokufungidzira "Chii kuita?". N. Chernyshevsky kusvikira kumugumo woupenyu akaramba akatendeka kuna neururami akazivisa ake basa rinokosha.