Nzira dzekufambisa achirondedzera algorithms uye mhando algorithms

With shoko "algorithm" nezvakaonekwa zhinji. Pamusoro pazvo, kufanana hwevanhu. Chii? Ndedzipi akasiyana nzira kutsanangura algorithms, marudzi algorithms? Ndezvipi nokuda? Nyaya ino ichatibatsira kunzwisisa izvi zvose uye akaisa zvose panzvimbo yayo.

Algorithm: pfungwa, mifananidzo, nzira achirondedzera

Izwi anoratidza zvakajeka uye chaiyoiyo kutevedzana matanho nyore kuti muiti unofanira kupfuura kuti kugadzirisa dambudziko iri pamberi pake. Shoko "algorithm" rine yakatangira nezita akakurumbira Oriental musayendisiti uye nyanzvi yemasvomhu Al-Khwarizmi. Ndiye akagadzira mitemo zvose vanoita svomhu. Pakutanga pfungwa iyi isu kunzwisisa chete mitemo chokuita zvikuru zvina svomhu akavhiyiwa anoitwa pasi nhamba. Uye chete ipapo pfungwa rave richishandiswa kureva kutevedzana matanho kuti atungamirire kuti mhinduro yacho dambudziko. Kana kadambari humboo mugadziriro zvinhu dzakasvikwa algorithm rikashandiswa. Kana kugadzirisa dambudziko pakuverenga yakatsvuka Data vari dzikwanise Scoring.

Muitiro Pakukurukura algorithm riri okusika chaizvo, pasinei kwayo nyore. Kana anogona munhu kuchiita uye zvokushandisa. Uye nhasi hakusi bedzi kombiyuta, asiwo phones, mapiritsi, zviteshi uye kunyange washing machine kune Vagadziri kofi.

Panguva chikumbiro Indaneti unogona kuwana zvakawanda zvinokosha, asi ichiri anofanira kuisa pamwechete. Naizvozvo, izvi kutaura zvose zvinokosha.

Chii chinonyanya ehupfumi ane algorithm?

1. Definitions. pfuma iyi inonzi mupi werutemo. Kunosanganisira kuwana kukarukureta mugumisiro, kuti inonzwisisika apo chaiyo mazano Data kuti kukarukureta. pfuma iyi inopa muitiro achiita zvokuimba. No mamwe mashoko uye mirayiridzo pamusoro basa. Panofanira kuva nechinhu zvemasanga.

2. Misa. pfuma iyi zvinoreva kuti algorithm anofanira kuva akakodzera nekugadzirisa zvakawanda mhando chete matambudziko. Baseline muchiitiko ichi anogona kusarudzwa kubva chero nzvimbo inonzi kushanda.

3. zvinobudirira - chepfuma rinoratidza kuti mashoko, nokuti izvo munhu akapiwa Workflow kwacho aifanira kuva finite kuwanda kwenhambwe, uye ipapo kumisa, achipa achida mugumisiro.

4. kuverenga - ndiko kana kadambari muitiro rakakamurwa muzvikamu. Uye mukana Implementation kwavo hakuzi mubvunzo. Pano, mumwe nomumwe unozotevera richifanira akaurayiwa chete kana yapfuura yapera zvachose.

Nzira kutsanangura algorithms zvinonzwisisika kuti zvose

Algorithms zvinofanira formalized nevamwe mitemo uchibatsirwa chaizvo zvokushandisa. The chikuru nzira achirondedzera algorithms: kushandisa mashoko, nzira-kutukana, algorithmic, uye graphical software.

Nomuromo chimiro - chinyorwa mumutauro dzinongoitika kwevanhu. Iye wakagamuchira mashoma zvikuru, nekuti zvinondiremera wordy. Asi haina maonero. Mashoko tsanangudzo haina zvachose formalized uye zvokudya zvinogona kududzirwa ambiguously.

Formula-nomuromo chimiro chinguva yamunenge. Pano mashoko akawedzera kwemasvomhu Masvomhu anogona zvose rubatsiro uye, Ukuwo, kuti kuvhiringidza munhu kuverenga. Other nzira achirondedzera algorithms zvikuru yamunenge.

Nzira achirondedzera algorithms kuti vanoshandisa kombiyuta

Algorithmic kutsikisa nzira tichifunga ekunyebera. Ichi bumbiro iri zvakafanana chivako kuti mutauro zvirongwa, asi mirayiro dzinopiwa mumutauro dzinongoitika, uye chipo kwemasvomhu mashoko. Pseudocode - Semi-formalized mutauro. Nzira yakadaro kare yakajeka zvikuru, kunyanya programmers.

Nzira achirondedzera algorithms pamusoro apa vakanga zvakazara formalized, pakwakanga chirongwa notation akaberekwa. Inoshandisa mumwe nhamba mapurogiramu mitauro, zvakanyorwa uye ndiro kutevedzana matanho kuita. The kombiyuta azviverenga imwe uye anoita mirairo, izvo pakupedzisira inotungamirira tuso.

Nzira inonyanya kufarirwa kuti kutsanangura

Graphic nzira achirondedzera algorithms achiwana zvikuru nevanhu nokuti yakajeka. It Anonziwo misa-kubva redunhu nzira. Chii chinonzi flowchart? zano uyu mufananidzo graphical pamusoro algorithm. danho imwe neimwe date kubudiswa rakashandurwa kuva geometrical nhamba inonzi chikwata. Mumwe chikwata ane configuration iyo kunoenderana mhando kushanda vari akaita. Name uye mazita evanhu, zvitarisiko uye hukuru, uyewo kuratidza mashandiro anotsanangurwa mitemo. Kana ukatora zvose mikuru nzira kutsanangura algorithms, ichi ndicho chinonyanya pachena.

pakuverenga pezvakaitwa

Nzira achirondedzera algorithms vachishandisa flowcharts vanofungidzira akasiyana huru vatatu pakuverenga pezvakaitwa: Linear, branching uye cyclic.

Line - inofanira umo danho rimwe rinoitwa kuti kugadzirisa dambudziko nokutevera nzira.

Branching - a kukarukureta kwacho, sezvamakaropafadzwa zvichienderana panobva uye zvenguva ruzivo, uye ongororo pamusoro migumisiro akanyatsorongwa ezvinhu nemataundi vakasarudzwa mirayiridzo.

Cyclic algorithm unotora mumwe kana kupfuura rimwe kutenderera, i.e. kadambari mugove iyo inodzokororwa imwe muzvizhinji kakawanda. Zvinogara angava nhamba akafanorongerwa kuti repetitions uye asina chokwadi. Zvichienderana zvaidiwa chero mamiriro pakutsvaga uwandu repetitions. Uyezve, mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kuongororwa pakutanga ari kutenderera kana pakupedzisira.

Nzira achirondedzera algorithms kwakajeka, asi pane mitemo zvinoitwa navo.

Mitemo kusika algorithms

Chokutanga, kukura algorithm vanofanira kubvunza zvakawanda zvivako basa. The formalized kumiririrwa zvinhu zvakadaro - ichi ndiyo mashoko. The algorithm rinotanga chine mashoko anonzi chiyamuro, vachichinja kuti goho - outputs. Izvi zvinogona kushandiswa neipi nzira achirondedzera algorithms. Properties algorithms inofanira kuremekedzwa.

The ushe wechipiri kuna algorithm vaigona kushanda, inoda ndangariro. It akaisa mazano, zvenguva uye goho. Memory pachayo discrete, kureva, chinosanganisira yoga zvikamu - masero. Kuti Sero kuti ane zita, inonzi shanduka.

The ushe wechitatu - zviri discrete. The algorithm wose anofanira kuvakwa kubva mumwe kushandiswa, uwandu zvoda hazvo kuva zvose.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pane chinhu chakadai webetsero algorithm, iyo yakagadzirirwa pachine uye kushandiswa imwe algorithmic mabasa. Zvinogona kunzi webetsero muitiro.

The algorithm pfungwa, zvivako, nzira kurondedzera - pasina izvi zvose pasango kombiyuta pose. Ndicho nechigadziko iro kombiyuta yose nesayenzi hunogara.