Ostankino - manor of the Counts of the Sheremetyevs. Maawa okuzarura emu museum, nhoroondo yeimba yamambo. Nzira yekuenda kuOstankino Manor

Ostankino imba inowanikwa kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva kweMoscow, kwete kure nechekurumbira terevhizheni. Mumazuva ekare, zviitiko zvakawanda zvakakomba uye mhemberero zvaive pano.

Nhasi, Ostankino inzvimbo inogona kuonekwa mune dzakawanda uye mafirimu.

Nhoroondo

Ostankino yakatanga kutaurwa mune zvinyorwa zvakabva muna 1558. Panguva iyoyo, pane imwe nzvimbo yepanguva ino, pane musha weAlexei Satin. Yakanzi Ostankino. Zvimwe gare gare, muridzi wekugara uku akazova munyori wehurumende yezvematongerwo enyika, mufundisi Va Vasily Shchelkanov. MuOstankino, pamirairo yake, imba yemukomana yakavakwa, kereke yakagadzirwa, danda rakasimwa uye dziva rakachera kunze. Zvisinei, panguva yeMatambudziko, dzakawanda zvezvivako zvakaparadzwa pasi.

Kudzorerwa kwezvivako kwakatanga muzana remakore rechi17. Panguva ino, nyika dzeOstankino dzakave dzave naChris Cherkassky. Nokuraira kwake, panzvimbo yechechi yekare yehuni, kereke yebwe yakavakwa, musango wemisidhari wakadyarwa, uye nzvimbo dzokuvhima dzakagadzirirwa munzvimbo. Machinda eCherkassy, nyika iyi yaive inenge zana remakore vasati Varvara Alekseevna Cherkasskaya (iye chete mwanasikana wemuridzi weimba) asina kuva mudzimai weCount Peter Borisovich Sheremetyev. Ostankino yaiva dowry yemwenga.

PaSheremetyevo muimba yakaonekwa alleys uye munda, yakatanga kuvaka varaidzo pavilions. Munzvimbo dzekuraira, pairi mirairo yemudzidzi mutsva, vakatanga kutema zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira uye zvekurima.

The heyday

Nzvimbo itsva pakuumbwa kwenhoroondo yeOstankino yakatanga na Count Nikolai Petrovich Sheremetyev. Akange ari mucherechedzo wezvokwadi uye unyanzvi hwehutano, mumwe wevanhu vakadzidza zvikuru panguva iyoyo uye anonyanya kufarira dhiyabhorosi. Ostankino - manor, apo Sheremetiev akakwanisa kuzadzisa kurota kwake. The Count yakagadzira imba yemitambo uye imba yeimba muimba. Basa rokuvaka rakagadzirwa kwemakore matanhatu kubva muna 1792. Pashure pacho, imba yeOstankino yakawana kuonekwa kwayo kwekupedzisira.

Sheremetyevsky Palace yakagadzirirwa pamapurojekiti akaurayiwa nevakakosha vemazana ezana remakore rechi18. Pakati pavo - V. Brenn, F. Camporesi naI Starov. Vakabatanidzwa mukugadzira uye nhare yekuvakwa nhare I. Argun.

Paakavaka chivako muti wakashandiswa. Mushure mokunge, imba yamambo yakanga yakaiswa pasi pebwe. Sangano rekupedzisira rekugadzira manor rakazotanga kusanganisira nzvimbo yemitambo, duku pamberi peyadhi. Iko kushongedza kwenharaunda kwaiva dziva, uyewo nzvimbo yekugara uye minda.

Chivako chekugadzira maitiro

Samples mumagadziro eimba yamambo, yakavakwa na Count Count Sheremetyev, ndiyo ndiyo yakanakisisa yekurapa maEurope yemakore iwayo. Imba yacho, yakaitwa mumamiriro ehhashi, yakave yakashongedzwa mumitonki yepini uye yebhuruu. Kurongeka kwemukamuri iyi kwakapa kunakidza kunzwika nekuonekwa kubva kumakona ayo ose. Imba yakagadzirirwa mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu vataridzi. Chiitiko icho vateereri vaitamba chaiva chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru muRussia. Kureba kwayo kwaiva mamita makumi maviri nemaviri, uye yakafara-gumi nemanomwe. Akashanda chikamu chepamusoro, pamwe chete ne-two-tier upper injini makamuri. Ikupedzisira kune idzi yakachengetedzwa zvishoma kusvikira nhasi.

Kuti apinde muimba yemitambo, zvaive zvakakodzera kupfuurira kuburikidza nekodzero dzakanaka kana kuruboshwe. Kuburikidza nemasitepisi ekuruboshwe akawira mukati memoto wezvivako, izvo zvakanga zviri kumapapiro ekumavirira echivako chacho. Pano pakanga pane nzvimbo yeItaly pavilion. Iyo yakagadzirirwa mumitambo yegirini-bhuruu yakaita sepaki nzvimbo. Nenzira dzakakodzera, vashanyi vakatorwa kuenda kumusoro wekumusoro, maimba ayo akanga ari mushure mokunge mumwe mushure. Pamugumo pacho paiva nemufananidzo wezvenhau. Ostankino Theatre inofadza. Inogona kukurumidza kuchinjwa kuva ballroom.

Iyi yemitambo mu Count Count Sheremetyev's estate yakavhurwa musi waJuly 22, 1795. Zviyero zvakajeka zvakabvumira kubudiswa kwemahofisi kwakanyorwa nevaRussia neWest Europe vanyori, umo kushanduka nekukurumidza kwemamiriro ezvinhu kwakagadzirwa uye kwaive nemapoka akawanda evanhu.

Pakuvhurwa kwemitambo yacho vakaratidza mutambo wemitambo "Kutora Ishmael". Panguva imwecheteyo, vazhinji vevakakokwa vakange vari vatungamiri vakananga pachiitiko ichi.

Architectural complex

Ostankino - manor, kuvakwa kwaive kwakakamurwa kuva zvikamu zvakasiyana. Mushure mokuvakwa kwechivakwa chikuru chemuti weimba yemitambo, zvimwe zvivako zvakasanganiswa nazvo. Mwenje we mezzanine yakavakwa, mavhiriji eIjipiti neItaly, pamwe nemapurari, aive akaenzana. Zvose izvi zvakagadziriswa maererano nekumiririra chimiro chakafanana neU. Panguva imwecheteyo, mhirizhonga weSheremetyevs 'yepaimba pedyo neMoscow yakanga yakatarisana neKremlin. Chimwe chisarudzo chaifadza chakaitwa pakugadzira jeri remuzinda uye kuvakwa. Vose pamwe vakafanana nechikwata chepakati.

Sheremetevs 'Estate muOstankino inoratidzirwa nekunyoresa kwayo. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo yekupedzisira inosanganiswa nehuwandu hwekuvaka uye zvioni zvinoshandiswa mukati mekugadzira mukati mezvivako. Akashongedzwa makamuri emuzinda wamabasa anokosha emifananidzo.

Maitiro

Sheremetyev akavaka manor nokuda kweaida - serf actrice Praskovia Kovalyov-Zhemchugova, uyo waakanga akaroorana naye pachivande. Pedyo neimba ikoko kwaiva yeVhidhiyo Yezvokuvaraidza. Pari kuronga kwayo, marudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvinhu zvepaki nzvimbo akabatanidzwa. Vose vakaumba shanduko inofadza. Muti wakanga wakasimwa wakakomberedza munda. Kurutivi rwake, kurutivi rwamabvazuva, maigara hutsva hwevashumiri, uye kurutivi rwamavirazuva - gorofu uye bhiza rebhiza.

Nharaunda iri kuchamhembe yakashandurwa ikava munda wakasara. Yakaisa migwagwa yekufamba, yakadyara miti uye yakachera dziva. Pedyo neRwizi yakapoteredza Kamenka zvakare yakashandura nzvimbo yacho. Pano vakachera chikwata chemadziva. Mumazuva iwayo Ostankino yaiva nharaunda umo vanhu venyika yeguta guru vakaungana. Zviitiko zvakasiyana nemhemberero zvakaitwa pano, uye zviitiko zvakaratidzwa zvakare.

Upenyu hutsva hweimba

Muzana remakore rechi19. Sheremetyevs akatamira kuSt. Petersburg. Kubva panguva ino vakatanga kushanyira imba yavo nguva nenguva. Zvisinei, pasinei nekushaikwa kwevanhu, pamazororo ipapo vakaramba vachironga mapoka, panguva iyo vamiririri vezvematongerwo enyika evanhu vakaungana muIndaneti. Vanhu vakananga pamahombekombe ehova vakaronga picnics. Zvimwe gare gare, vatungamiri veMoscow nzvimbo yemhuri yeSheremetyev vakatanga kuisa zvivako zvekurima kumapoka avo. Imba yacho inogona kuonekwa nemvumo inokosha, uye yakashandurwa ikava museri yega.

Fate yeimba iyo mushure meOctober Revolution

IOstankino yeimba (ona mufananidzo uri pasi apa) yakasunungurwa mushure mekusvika kweSoviet simba.

Muna 1918 yakashandurwa ikava musimusi yenyika. Kubvira muna 1938, Sheremetyevs 'nzvimbo yakatumidzwa zita rinonzi Palace-Museum of Serf Art. Zita idzva rakapiwa kune imwe nzvimbo muna 1992. Yakava museum musemu weMoscow-nzvimbo yeOstankino.

Ostankino nhasi

Parizvino, musamuziyamu-nzvimbo Ostankino yakabatanidzwa mune urongwa hwezvivako zvakachengetedzwa muRussia. Nharaunda yose yekare yeimba ye Count Count Sheremetyev inogona kugoverwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu. Iri ndiro munda unofadza, imba yamambo uye nepaki.

Mumusimamende-nzvimbo yeOstankino, vashanyi vanogona kuziva ruzivo rwakapfuma rwezvifananidzo zveRussia yekare, pamwe chete nemifananidzo yakavezwa yemapuranga yakaitwa kubva kumagumo egumi nemashanu kusvika pakutanga kwezana ramakumi maviri. Kutsanangurwa kwemafirimu uye kuvepa, pamwe chete nekutora fesheni yakatarisana nezana remakore rechi14 ne19, inonakidza.

Kuunganidza kwaiva basa raidiwa nevanhu vakawanda. Uye vaSheremetyevs vaifarira. Zvavanounganidza zvinowanikwa muimba yekutanga yemu museum. Mushure mokuona zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakabatanidzwa pano, vashanyi vakakokwa kuti vaende kuimba yacho. Pamadziro eimba iyi makanamatira mifananidzo yakasiyana-siyana, maitiro uye kuenzanisa mifananidzo yezana remakore rechi18. Zvose zvavo zvakabatana nekugadzira uye basa rokuvaka rakaitwa panguva yekuvakwa kweimba yamambo munzvimbo yeOstankino. Kuwedzera kune vashanyi vanoenda kunharaunda yeItaly, iyo ndiyo yakanakisisa zvikuru yakashongedzwa mumusha. Mariri kune koridho rinotungamirira kuhofisi ye Count Count Sheremetyev. Zvisinei, vashanyi havabvumirwi kupinda mairi. Itaiti yeItaly pavilion ine Engraving Gallery inosangana neiyo gallery Prohodnaya. Imba iyi inokosha chikamu chemafiriya akaderera emusangano. The last pavilion vashanyi vanogona kushanyira ndeyeEgipita. Icho chiri kure nechokuvakwa kweimba yeimba uye ichibatanidza nacho chete chikamu chiduku kuburikidza nemugwagwa.

Basa remu museum

Nzvimbo yako yekupedzisira ndiyo Ostankino Manor? Nzira yekuenda nayo sei? Kubva pachiteshi chemasitadhi VDNH unofanirwa kuchinja kune tami nhamba ye11 kana 17 uye kusvika kumugumo wokupedzisira. Iwe unogona kufamba. Kubva pachiteshi chemasuo kusvika kune telecentre, rwendo ruchazotora anenge maminitsi gumi namashanu. Imyuziyamu inozarura vashanyi musi waMay 15. Kuguma kwemwaka wekufambisa ndiSeptember 30. Ostankino manor, ane maawa ekuzarura kubva pa11 kusvika 19, haagamuchiri vashanyi panguva yemvura kana pakusviba. Mazuva aripo Muvhuro neChipiri.