Pakukura nedhaimani munyika. Diamond "Cullinan"

Parizvino munyika pane yakawanda matombo anokosha akanaka, asi hapana asingadi kupinda tichienzanisa ibwe guru, mined muna 1905. pakukura nedhaimani kwenyika rakawanikwa South African angu pedyo neguta Pretoria.

History of African zvangu

Thomas Cullinan akatanga kushanda somunhu Bricklayer. Amborwira mari shoma, akasarudza kutsvaka mangoda. A makiromita mashomanana kubva Pretoria, akatenga nepurazi Elandsfontein muna 1904 uye akashanda zvinobudirira pairi. Ini nayo akasarudza nokungwarira zvikuru, uye akatarisisa nzvimbo pamwe pakakwirira. Hill, sezvo zvikazooneka Papera, rakaumbwa pamusoro imwe kimberlite mutopota, waiva wangu, "Premier". Zita nzvimbo inonzi mushure Prime Minister, akanga aripo pakuvhurwa yangu.

A akasiyana kuwana

Muhafu yechipiri yezana zuva misoro zvimbambaira Frederick Wells kuitiswa zvichiongororwa nezuva. Pfungwa dzake ndokukweverwazve outsinye yakajeka gleam imwe nyaya. Inside negomba kudzika 5.5 metres, akaona banzurwa. Nyaya zvinooneka zvakasimba chezuva uye haana kutarira kufanana girazi. Kuburukira mugomba, iye nokungwarira nebanga rakacherwa mumadziro munyika pakukura nedhaimani. Pashure pokutarira kusimba rake, iye achifara akaziva kuti pamberi pake ibwe rinokosha high quality. Nokuti chechienzi kuwanikwa ake Wells akapiwa mubayiro zviuru 10 zvamadhora, uye zita rainzi musoro nekambani kwemangoda mining - Sir Thomas Cullinan, uyo akauya mumigodhi kusvikira nhasi.

African Zirume

Masters pamusoro Mining, zvaiva pachena kuti akawana ibwe - zviri chikamu yakakura hofori, kukura zvinogona kupfuura 2-3 nguva. pakukura nedhaimani munyika chaiva chakakura chibhakera zera uye akanga yekudyidzana kudarika ose crystals nokusingaperi kuwanikwa pamakona ose enyika. Initial nayo vakayera 3,106 arşive carats. Stone ari chokukukatyamadzai kwete chete nokuda kwayo anoshamisa parameters, asiwo yokuisvonaka. Zvaiva zvachose pachena uye Hauoneki. Panyika pakanga diki mutswe. Imhaka ichi chiduku pachiri, kwakasarudzwa Makakamura kupinda matombo akawanda hofori.

The Nugget huru akatengeswa kuti Transvaal hurumende 150 zviuru pondo.

Kuenda nakisa njenjere

Maererano pamutemo shanduro, muna November 1907, ibwe akaunzirwa zuva rokuberekwa namambo mukuru Edward VII sechiratidzo kuvimbika kuna dzakabatanidzwa nyika mushure Anglo-Boer War. Kutaura zvazviri, "chipo" zvikuru arasikirwe British Treasury (kusvika miriyoni remadhora), nedhaimani zvakatengeswa.

Pakapera January 1908 nedhaimani zvakapfuudzwa kuna Amsterdam kambani nokuda kwokuparadza, uye Abrahamu Assher February 10 tenzi akaenda kubasa. Most kunakidza ndechokuti insured munhu kubva Africa pakukura nedhaimani kwenyika aifamba mungarava rechiuto, uye kuburikidza Chirungu Channel akatamira chinyararire muhomwe imwe mutengesi ari nyore chikepe vanhu.

youmambo mangoda

Kuti kudzidza maumbirwo hofori uye kodzero yokusarudza matambudziko pfungwa wayo paradzanisa kupinda wandei zvikamu, zvakatora nguva. Ibwe akaita incision mu banga rake rinokosha uye akaisa flick simba ndokurityora. Haasi munhu wose ane kunyatsodzidza kuputsa hofori nedhaimani, izvo kare chinyararire vakarara muura dzenyika, nematombo duku shoma. Tenzi ndaitya zvikuru. Crystal akanga ane simba zvokuti chete panguva yechipiri kuedza vakakwanisa uritsemure kupinda matombo maviri makuru, kukura 2029,94 uye 1068,09 carats, uye zvidimbu zvitatu diki. First Cullinan (mufananidzo vanomuratidza muchimiro samadonhwe vane 74 kunobatanidza uye achirema 530,2 carats) Korol Georg V akadana "Guru Star Africa." Aiva kupfuura nedhaimani munyika. Akanga akaiswa rokumusoro chikamu wamambo youshe, riri mu paShongwe London. Kubva yechipiri guru ibwe jewelers kugadzirwa nedhaimani Cullinan 2 317.4 carat have 66 zviso - yechipiri sekristaro kukura munyika. Nokuti Zirume ichi (vakaisvoipa parameters - 4,3h4,1 cm) nzvimbo rinorondedzerwa paakaenda korona, riri Tower. Of dzasara zvidimbu madhaimani zvinhu akaita mamwe maviri guru nedhaimani - pandelok ane uremu kwakanga 94,4 carat (Cullinan 3) rekristaro uye mativi chimiro carat uremu 63.65 (Culzean 4). Kubvira 1911, vari korona Mambokadzi England. Gare gare, muna 1959, vava kuzivikanwa muna nezvikorekedzo.

5 Cullinan achirema 18.8 carats akanga faceted akaita somwoyo, uye akaiswa mugomba chishongo. Zvakanga zvakagadzirirwa kuti Queen Mary. Gare gare, akanga abviswa ikoko uye rakapinzwa korona vakadzi korona. Cullinan 6 uremu 8.8 carats ane chinhu "Marquis" vaida Elizabeth II. Akapa kuti kusimbisa sekristaro mu nedhaimani-neemaradhi sechishongo chomuhuro, iyo kwazvo kakawanda vaipfeka achiri muduku. Cullinan nedhaimani 7 ane uremu 11.5 carat uye faceting "Marquis", Cullinan 8 - faceting "Emerald" uye uremu 6.8 carats Cullinan 9 - 4.4 carat uremu, peya akavezwa.

Kuwedzera mangoda guru ukuru guru nedhaimani ikabereka duku: 5 kusvika 4.4 carats yairema uye miniaturized matombo anokosha 96 7.55 carat uremu. The zvachose kurema ose anokosha pamwe chete ndiyo 1063,65 carats. Kana chishongo kubudiswa yakanga 65,75% of zvachose uremu akawana hofori.

Art akatema zvose mabwe mushure paradzanisa Zvakatora makore mana. Somugumisiro, nedhaimani 105 kwaitwa. Mangoda pakukura munyika - mapfumbamwe zvikuru matombo anokosha kuti vari kuzvikudza korona Chirungu.

Hondo Yenyika II uye vari Parizvino

Munguva yehondo, mangoda duku mune boka revamwe ipfungwa inokosha vakanga makanyatsovanzira mu magaba uye akavigwa mumunda pedyo Windsor Palace. crystals Large vakaiswa mumabhokisi kuti heti uye zvakavigwa rimwe chakavanzika zvechizarira kuchinja.

Iye zvino, Cullinan 1 (54h44h29 mm) - guru nedhaimani munyika (mushure "Golden rejubheri"). Zvakanaka faceted peya serin'i, iye inoshongedza youshe guru madzimambo kweEngland, uye pamwe chete nedzimwe hama dzake yakakurumbira iri Tower. All muunganidzwa mukuru nomukurumbira mangoda zvinogona kuonekwa House zvishongo vanoonekwa. nengoda Unique uye nemasango nguo Mambokadzi ari siyana pakuzvichenesa yemichato uye mitambo.