Patagonia - izvi ... Economy, okunze uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka

Patagonia - ndiwo nenzvimbo mudunhu kumaodzanyemba South America, iyo yakakamurwa pakati penyika mbiri: Chile uye Argentina. Munyaya ino tichataura pamusoro okunze, upfumi, kasvisto, fauna of nzizi nemakomo ichi yakasiyana uye wakajeka mumaruwa.

Marvellous Patagonia: mapikicha uye tsanangudzo pfupi

Vakawanda vakanga kuverenga yokuyaruka uchinzvera mabasa munyori Jules Verne. Kunyanya, yokufungidzira "Vana Captain Grant", iro rinoreva zvinoshamisa kunyika Patagonia. Izvi nzvimbo huru pakati steppes South America, overhung Spiky nhongonya ari Andean kumakomo.

Patagonia yakakamurwa pakati penyika mbiri - Chile uye Argentina. Uyezve, yezvakaita Chilean Patagonia rakasiyana hunhu waro Argentine divi. Chekutanga izvozvo chokuita kwakaita nzvimbo yacho uye mamiriro okunze.

Chilean Patagonia - a nesinou nhongonya vomuprista nenhongonya, yakadzika bays, fjords, nokumhanyisa nzizi uye vakawanda nemapopoma. Asi Patagonia Argentina anotarisa sezvinoita nemumakomo nzvimbo ine zvinomera nokururamisira sparse hunodzorwa nemhepo yakasimba uye kuchitonhora.

Zviya, chikamu ichi kondinendi South American yarova kamera izvo chakakurumbira British TV inoratidza Top Gear (chinokosha nyaya "Patagonia", 2014). nguva ino, Dzheyms Mey, Dzheremi Klarkson uye Richard Hammond Vakaedzawo motokari dzavo mumigwagwa pampasskih dzezvimwe.

Patagonia - ichi ... Physical jogirafi uye miganhu

Iyi ndiyo chete nzvimbo Panyika apo kumabvazuva pamhenderekedzo kondinendi, unogona kuona mugwenga chaihwo, kunze achitsva bhandi. Where Patagonia iri? Sezvo geographers vachiitisa miganhu yayo?

Patagonia iri kumaodzanyemba chikamu South America (kumaodzanyemba rechi40 kufanana kumaodzanyemba hemisphere). Nyika yose havaratidzi vakawanda uye takabatikana monotonous rinopfungaira zvikomo, akafukidza sparse yeminzwa nemiti uye miriwo. Kumabvazuva, Patagonia steeply kune mvura nokutonhorera yeAtlantic, uye kumadokero - yakabatana mujinga dzamatunhu eAndes.

About apo unofanira kubata jinga Patagonia kuchamhembe, masayendisiti kazhinji nharo. geographers Vakawanda vanodavira kuti kunze nenzvimbo nzvimbo ndivo Río Colorado uye bio-bio. In kumaodzanyemba Patagonia uyewo dzimwe nguva dzakakora uye rezvitsuwa pamusoro Tierra Del Fuego.

Nhoroondo uye kwakabva zita

Nyika ino yakatanga kutaurwa zvinhu zviri circumnavigation pakati Ferdinand Magellan. In Patagonia rwendo nhengo vakasangana "vanhu zvinoshamisa varefu" kuwedzera vanenge 180 masendimita. Yeuka kuti kuMiddle Ages European avhareji kukura kwakanga makubhiti 1,55 chete. It Magellan ainzi Kwataigara "Patagonia", ipapo zita iri rakazoreva, uye rose nenharaunda.

Kusvikira pakuguma XIX remakore, idzi havana nhengo munhu. Maigara pamarudzi maIndia, izvo lagged kure shure kukura madzinza European nevamwe vaigara America. Gare gare vakatanga kuonekwa kugara kubva Wales, uyo akasimbisa pamwe veko dzaishandiswa ukama.

Sezvo pezana XIX remakore, kufarira Patagonia akatanga kuratidza chileans. Muna 1848, ivo akavamba chengarava muguta kuPunta Arenas kudzora Strait of Magellan. Muna 1881, utungamiriri nyika mbiri (Chile uye Argentina), vakasarudza kugovera kukwira munzvimbo dzakati vakawanda pakati Patagonia. Izvi yakatora anenge zana. Pakati penyika mbiri kunge dzakawanda nharo pamusoro airehwa vanofanira kuva ichi kana kuti munda. kuzvipokanidza aya anenge zvakatungamirira kunetsana zvombo 1978. Zvisinei, Pope akapindira, kumanikidza nyika mbiri kugumisa chibvumirano rugare uye ushamwari.

Features ruyamuro Patagonia

Vazhinji Patagonia anotora Patagonian rwenze - monotonous, undulating uye akapotsa kuine mumigero zvachose. Geologically, izvozvo rinoumbwa basalt uye sedimentary matombo. Precambrian bhesimendi anopinda panyika chete kuchamhembe chikamu Patagonia.

In orographic mazwi Plateau wakaputsika canyons uye hova pamunhu patafura-kufanana rwenze (Upland). Pakati pavo, dzimwe nguva kushomeka kuyerera nenzizi.

Precipitous kumabvazuva kwemhenderekedzo Patagonia, uye saka zvakavaomera panopindwa ngarava huru. Rocky pemidengerero pamusoro Atlantic kumhenderekedzo pano dzimwe nguva kusvika zana metres kureba. In kumadokero Patagonian rwenze anosiiwa ari Andean bheseni, iyo inogarwa moraine deposits uye vakawanda madhamu kuti glacial mavambo.

okunze zvinhu

Patagonia ekunze pakaoma, pasinei Latitude. Chokwadi kuti kunonaya zvose zvinogona kuuya pano nePacific Ocean. Zvisinei, nzira kumadokero mwando marefu anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri eAndes, izvo simudza substantially vose unyoro. Ukuwo, rokumabvazuva yokumadokero Patagonia iri kutonhora Falkland Current, izvo chete kunowedzera kuoma kwakaita okunze nzvimbo yemo. Mugore Patagonia kubva 150 (kumabvazuva) kusvika 400 (mujinga eAndes) millimeters.

Mwaka zvakasiyana-siyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana Patagonia. Saka, muna rwokumusoro nharaunda, muna Rio Negro Valley, zhizha chaizvo inopisa, uye kumaodzanyemba - tonhorera. In yechando, nharaunda yose Patagonia tinganetseka tembiricha pasi kusvika -30 inegumi.

Saka, okunze enzvimbo Patagonia ndiye vanoshorwa kana kuti upenyu hwevanhu kana kuti kushingaira kurima. Dry, simba chilli mhepo uye kakawanda blizzards munguva yechando - ndidzo zvikonzero nokuda iyo nzvimbo iyi emakore akawanda, ndiye dzakati vakawanda.

Nemiti uye Fauna of nharaunda

Mamiriro ekunze asina kubatsira kukura zvinomera mudunhu. Masango Patagonia dzinenge hapana. The nomumwe arrays anowanikwa chete mujinga eAndes, apo anodonhedza zvakakwana yakawanda kunayisa. Mamwe Patagonia ari munzvimbo Semi-mugwenga inogarwa sparse rekushongedzesa uye oma nemiti.

Classical vamiririri Patagonian kasvisto - Argentine bluegrass, munhenga uswa, fescue uye fescue. Kunewo dzakasiyana-siyana chipingamupinyi Pears uye cacti. South munda unogona kuwanikwa mosses uye lichens. Zviri pano kuti South America mapazi akaoma steppes zvinopinda achinaya mvura wongoramba.

The Fauna of Patagonia uye zvikuru nevarombo. Typical vamiririri veko fauna of - a Guanaco, Rhea, Tsodzo, gomo shumba, uyewo dzinodya dzimwe shiri condor. Near madhamu nesting flamingoes uye dzimwe mhando waterfowl. On kumaodzanyemba muzvitsuwa Patagonia, unogona kuona PENGUIN.

Population, upfumi uye kusimudzira nharaunda

The paavhareji vagari arambe achirema pamusoro Patagonia yakaderera chaizvo - 2 chete vanhu muzana mativi kiromita. Human misha iri munharaunda dziri pfungwa pamwe rwizi shoma mumipata.

Vanonyanya kupa mari kuti vomunzvimbo - ndiko ushanyi uye kurima. In Patagonia nokushingaira dzinoberekera makwai ane mvere chakatengeswa pano zvinodhura chaizvo. Mumakore makumi maviri adarika, vatungamiriri bhizimisi akatenga yekare papurazi maberekero gwai munharaunda Patagonia, uye zvikuru avo modernized. Chirimwa Kugadzirwa munzvimbo iri kushanda kwete dzakabudirira nokuti matambudziko makuru pamwe kudiridzwa. The Vagari dziri mumhenderekedzo dzegungwa pamusoro Patagonia iri mubasa hove kubva munyanza.

Pane chinokosha yomunharaunda upfumi ndiyo ushanyi. Uye zvakawanda dzakabudirira dziri Chilean Patagonia. Vomuyaimbova Argentine divi ndiye National Park "Los Glaciares", akapinda muna UNESCO World Heritage List. Tourism in Patagonia kwete chete kusika mabasa matsva, asi inotsigira tsika uye rwokugadzira ravaIndia vanhu - maIndia.

mhedziso

Patagonia - ichi chinhu kujairika uye wakajeka pakona redu. Zvakakomba uye akanaka kwazvo munharaunda iyoyo. Vashanyi kuuya pano kushanya, "Fitzroy" National Park, kuona nemaziso avo ari chikuru rechando Perito Moreno, uyewo dzinoshambira pamusoro rwendo nechikepe, kufungisisa mawere akanaka uye zvakadzama fjords.