Pinakothek, Munich: tsananguro uye wongororo

Pinakothek (Munich) - mumwe yakakurumbira nyika-kirasi unyanzvi maberere, vanopfuura 700 yevedza ounyanzvi 14-21 emakore vakanyora yakakurumbira vatenzi: Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Dürer A., I. Bosch, Altdorfer, V. Titian , S. Botticelli, F. Goya, et al for.

History of muunganidzwa

Vanha Pinakothek muMunich (vanha Pinakothek) - iri akakurumbira uye inonyatsozivikanwa Museum, inova 9 zviuru mifananidzo kubudikidza vemifananidzo dzokuEurope 14-18 emakore .. A pachena chepfungwa miziyamu rinobva zita rake. Pinakothek (chiGiriki "Art Gallery".) - nzvimbo chete pachena mufananidzo.

Collection emifananidzo vakatanga kutora muna 1528, ari Bavarian Duke Wilhelm IV of Wittelsbach, uyo aida vashongedze zvavo zhizha Kusviba Munich Residence mifananidzo Nhoroondo chikonzero. Pakutanga rakanyorwa, "The Battle Alexander", chakatsaurirwa kuhondo Aleksandra Makedonskogo uto Persian ramambo Dhariusi. Zvadaro, kuunganidza vakatanga kuzarirwa uye dzimwe nhengo dzemhuri Vittelbahov.

Pakazopera zana remakore rechi17 kuunganidza kukosha kwayo ava mumwe mukuru Europe. Zvikurukuru, kwachiri akawedzerwa basa Flemish Artists uyo Bavaria akaunganidza elector Maks Emmanuil (1679-1726).

Pakazosvika remakore rechi18, mukuru miziyamu akava mabasa kunoshamisa Painters wokuItaly, Spain, Germany uye Netherlands. Zvino paiva mberi yakawedzera collection:

• muna 1777 iye akabatana mifananidzo kubva Mannheim maberere;
• 1803 - 1500 mabasa ounyanzvi kuti vaimbova mumakereke uye dzemamongi;
• 1806 g.- akawedzera kuunganidza Düsseldorf uye anoshanda kubva Karlsberg Castle.

imwe yoga kamuri mumuzinda Schleißheim yakavakwa kuti mugare pasi mifananidzo.

Kuvaka Zvivako Pinakothek

Makore rokutonga Ludwig I Bavaria (1825-1848) - kunoshamisa nguva iri munhoroondo Munich maberere. Panguva iyoyo anozivikanwa mabasa vemifananidzo German uye Dutch vave vawana 15. Mifananidzo Italian of Renaissance.

Pokugara yakadaro akapfuma muunganidzwa simba kudiwa pakuvaka chivako chaiyo uye nekutumirwa kwemauto mabasa kurongwa maererano nenguva.

Ludwig Ndakasarudza kuti ake private muunganidzwa mabasa ounyanzvi akafanira kuva pachena ruzivo kuti Munich kwainzi muzinda nyika-anozivikanwa pakati mufananidzo nevamwe hwemashiripiti.

maberere uriri hurongwa ndiye akasika mapurani Leo of Klenze muna Renaissance manyorero. Yakatarwa nokuturika pakona chivako kwakaitika April 1826 pamusoro musi anodiwa Ludwig mifananidzo Raphael. Mambo Bavaria akarayira kuti zita miziyamu neshoko rechiGiriki rokuti "Pinakothek".

Vanha Pinakothek (Munich) yakavakwa kare 1836, uye panguva imwe chete Ludwig chirevo pamusoro akasununguka kupinda kune vakundi dzose miziyamu yeSvondo. Zvisinei, makore vagari okutanga haisi zvokuti munhu miziyamu akashanyira vakawanda pikiniki zvakarongwa patsangadzi pamberi maberere.

In Pinacotheca wekare akaronga chete mabasa ounyanzvi, kubvira Middle Ages uye nekuguma Kujekerwa. Chivako chiri chakasuruvara zvikuru uye ndachena, mukati makamuri vari yakashongedzwa zvinenge chinhu. Kusavapo yokushongedzwa akaita kunyanya vashanyi zvakakwana havana kutsauswa kubva chinangwa chikuru kushanya miziyamu - kufungisisa unyanzvi ounyanzvi ose kupenda.

Mumakore 19-20 emakore Pinakothek muunganidzwa akaramba achiwedzera kubudikidza pakuunganidza mabasa ounyanzvi nguva, iyo yakavakwa muna 1853, pakuvaka Pinakothek idzva.

Hondo uye kudzorerwa mamiziyamu

Panguva 2nd World War Pinakothek (Munich) akanga rasakadzwa ari vachirwisa kumaAnglo-American Aviation. Paintings pachavo vakapukunyuka, t. To. The mberi akanga ukapisa murwi pachivande matumba. Pakuvaka vanha Pinakothek rakadzorerwa chete 1963.

Asi chivakwa Pinakothek itsva (ona. Photo) rakaparadzwa anenge zvachose, uye kudzorera zvakanga zvisingaiti. New Pinakothek akavakazve zvachose mapurani A. Brankasa, uye akarivhura chete muna 1981.

Chivako chiri kujairika, ane zvakawanda mahwindo Bay uye semicircular hwindo Maberere, iyo panguva zvakakonzera pachena gakava uye pfungwa dzakasiyana. Zvisinei, mukati makamuri vari Vakamupfekedza, kunyanya zvakanaka mhinduro vakagamuchira akapa murongedzeri ari panhongonya mwenje.

Zvino pano akaratidza 550 mifananidzo uye zvenzombe 19-20 emakore.

The muunganidzwa of vanha Pinakothek

The kwamagwaro riri zviviri-storey chivakwa, pasi pauriri rworuboshwe bapiro izvo pane pfupi, kazhinji kuchinja kuratidzira. Pakati Painters, unova vanha Pinakothek (Munich) - mifananidzo kubudikidza Flemish uye German Artists pamusoro 15-17 emakore. P. Bruegel, Lucas Cranach nevamwe (kurudyi bapiro) ..

Panhurikidzwa yechipiri - Northern Renaissance collection: Mifananidzo Dutchman L. Van Leyden, Rembrandt; Durer uye S. Lochner; Italian vemifananidzo Botticelli, Raphael, Leonardo da Vinci; Flemish Van Dyck, Rubens.

In kurudyi bapiro, unogona kuona muunganidzwa emifananidzo iri Baroque uye Rococo, kusanganisira El Greco uye Murillo, uyewo mamwe kuItaly, French uye German Artists.

Ounyanzvi of vanha Pinakothek

Vakawanda mabasa nomukurumbira Artists ndiye vanha Pinakothek (Munich): ounyanzvi pakati 15-18 emakore, imwe neimwe ine pachake nhoroondo yacho.

Somuenzaniso, mufananidzo "Madonna of Carnation" akanga netsaona yakatengwa kubva mutengesi, uye chete gare gare akaziva kuti akanga kupendwa nevaduku Leonardo da Vinci. Zvino ichi ndicho chete tenzi painting, riri pamusoro munharaunda Germany. Carnation ruva, inoita neMhandara Maria - chiratidzo kusafa.

By Fransua Makamboona "Portrait of Madame of Pompadour" (1758) uye "Yokuzororera Girl" (1752) anoratidzwa pavasikana: mwene Louis rechi15, yakanga yakakurumbira runako chete vakabuditsa kuravira, uye Louise O'Murphy, mudzimai roruvanze, izvo mune ramangwana It uyewo kuva kufarira wamambo.

Work motokari Dyck "Self-asian" (1619) uye "Susanna NAVAKURU" (1622), tenzi roruvanze asian uye mifananidzo yechitendero.

Artwork Paul Rubens "The Last Kutongwa" (1617) inotiudza chiitiko chinokosha: kana vanhu nyaya hwake zvivi uye zvayakawana makuru vamire pamberi paMwari, kuti vaone kutapwa kwavo - nzira kudenga kana kugehena. Uyu ndiwo mumwe mukuru mifananidzo munhoroondo yenyika kukura 610 X 460 cm iro zvikuru akagadzirirwa kuti miziyamu horo.

Ari mufananidzo "Kufa Seneca" (1613), akakurumbira Dutch painter P. Rubens rinotiudza chenhau, chii chakaitika kune yakakurumbira muzivi wokuRoma, uyo Kesari Nero sechirango kumutengesa akarayira kuzviuraya. Muzivi wokuRoma zvakakwana vakateerera ichi mhinduro, uye pamwe chete nomudzimai wake akanga akagadzirira kugamuchira rufu rwake.

Neue Pinakothek munhoroondo

Neue Pinakothek muMunich rakaumbwa muna 1846 sezvo kuenderera akwegura uye wokutanga rine mabasa art remakore rechi18. King Otto kweGirisi akaramba basa baba vake uye vakaumba ane kwamagwaro mabasa Munich pachikoro mifananidzo vemifananidzo. Inozivikanwa nzvimbo painter K. Rothman akanyora zvakananga kuti maberere 23 pamatende guru unoratidza kuzvitsaurira uye Greece.

Muna 1909, munyika muunganidzwa akawedzerwa basa French Impressionists (Cezanne, Manet, Gauguin and unto.).

The Pinakothek itsva ine mabasa uri 19-20 emakore, nenguva romanticism, classicism uye realism. Total mu okuchengetera iri mifananidzo 3,000 uye 300 zvivezwa, 22 zviri mudzimba akaratidza 550 mifananidzo uye 50 mabasa vavezi vemabwe.

Pictures of Pinakothek idzva

Yakakurumbira ounyanzvi, iyo rinomiririra Pinakothek mutsva (Munich) - mifananidzo:

• "Vaše ne nemaringazuva" by V. Van Gogh (1888) - iri mufananidzo chiratidzo yekutarisira uye zvakasikwa mafungiro munhu, chipo vateereri vashomanana chimedu kwezuva.
• "Murombo nyanduri» Karl Spitzweg (1839) - rinotsanangura kuvhiringidzika uye vatorwa mumhepo kumba nyanduri akasurukirwa, vakatapwa pamwe okugadzira zvinhu zvavo kuitira kuti anoona ake ezvinhu.

• "Mushure usiku dutu" Yu K. K. Dalya (1819) - iri mufananidzo akaiswa mushonga wokuuraya nemigumisiro kwokuputsika, zvakasara pashure dutu, uye panguva imwecheteyo, anoimba kurumbidzwa kumutsidzirwa muchimiro danda wechiedza.
• "Don Quixote" Onore Dome (1868) inomirira kusurukirwa gamba, iyo yokudhirowa zvikuru yakanyorwa pasina chiso.

Pinakothek Der moderni

Chechitatu, kupfuura ano chikamu maberere (akazaruka kubvira 2002) - Pinakothek of moderni (Munich), izvo yakatsaurirwa muri nhasi. Zvinosanganisira 4 akazvimirira miziyamu:

• Collection of Contemporary Art, nhengo Bavarian muunganidzwa emifananidzo.
• State Museum of Zvakarurama Arts.
• Architectural Museum - rinotaura kunyanya pamusoro mapurani German 19-21 emakore, pashoo anochinja kakawanda (500 zviuru vanodhirowa uye urongwa vakasikwa ezvivako panguva dzakasiyana, uyewo 100 zviuru mapikicha mapurani sarudzo ..) ..
• State graphical Munich ungano (350 zviuru. Engravings uye 45 zviuru. Mifananidzo).

Pinakothek Der moderni chivakwa yakaitwa mapurani S. Braunfels paunenge mipiro. It wakapamhama uye chiedza, pakati pazvo - dvusfernaya yeraundi nemirayiridzo vaviri diverge kubva dzakafara masitepisi, kutungamirira vaenzi kuti kuratidza.

Mukudhinda chikamu akagadzira zvipo pamusoro 1st pauriri chinomiririrwa mapurani uye hwakajeka muunganidzwa uye vagari venguva kuratidzira.

Kumavirira bapiro ine dzakaunganidzwa dzekare modernism, kumabvazuva - rinotaura pamusoro zvataurwa dzinoitwa uri: expressionism, cubism, fauvism, Bauhaus, surrealism, Pop uri, minimalism, uye vamwe.

kuunganidza zvose vakaunganidzwa yechipiri yezana remakore rechi20 sezvo mari vateresi Kutamiswa sechipo kuna miziyamu. Wokupedzisira chipo - dzakaunganidzwa uri 1960-90h makore German uye North America. - akapiwa muna 2006, E. uye M. Stoffel.

The muunganidzwa zvinosanganisira mabasa kupfurikidza vemifananidzo akakurumbira :. Henri Matisse, F. Leger, Dali, Picasso, etc. Panewo Lounge pamwe pikicha mabasa panguva Photographers.

Pinakothek muMunich: kuzarura maawa, mitengo

All vatatu Pinakothek vari pedyo nepedyo, kushanda musi weSvondo mutengo 1 €, asi nhasi mamiziyamu vane mikoko kuvashanyi.

Address: Street Barer tiellä 27, 29, 40, Munich (Pinakothek). Aunotanga maawa:

• Old - 10.00 kusvika 18,00, Chipiri kusvika 20.00, akavharwa Monday.
• New - 10:00 kusvika 18:00, neChitatu kusvika 20.00, kure Chipiri.
• Pinakothek the moderni - kubva 10.00 kusvika 18,00 neChina kuti 20.00, mazuva manomwe pavhiki.

On zvavo mazuva, mutengo yakasiyana kuna Pinakothek:

• Old - € 4 tikiti mutengo.
• New - 7 €.
• Pinakothek Der moderni - 10 €.

Pinakothek muMunich: wongororo

Reviews evashanyi kushanyira Pinakothek muMunich, - zvose, pasina chaakasiya nechido chakanaka. Nokuti vanhu vane nyanzvi kufarira kupenda uye kuitika siyana munezvimwe unyanzvi, unyanzvi maberere ndivo tsime ruzivo uye nemaonero matsva nenyika ounyanzvi ounyanzvi ose kupenda.

Vashanyi vakawanda vakayemura akazvidemba kuti vanha Pinakothek (Munich) kusvikira 2018 yakazarukira vaenzi chete zvishomanana, zvimwe dzokuteerera asingashandi nokuda basa kudzorerwa.

Nokuti vashanyi kushanyira yakakurumbira Munich Art Gallery anopa mukana tinyatsoziva siyana uri (kupenda, chivezwa, mapurani uye magadzirirwo) pamusoro eras dzakawanda, kubvira panguva yeMiddle Ages kusvikira ano.