Planning - Chii ichocho? Forms uye nzira nokuronga

Planning - ndiwo muitiro okukura uye kugadzwa management vesangano kukabatanidzwa quantitative uye Qualitative unhu kuti kuona rates dzinoitwa yayo kukura, kwete chete panguva ino asiwo yakareba.

The tsanangudzo, mukuru kwechirwere ezvinhu

Planning - ndiwo musimboti link yose cheni kudzoreka uye mitemo mabasa musangano. Ndokusaka ose STRUCTURAL tumisoro (dhipatimendi, rabhoritari, etc.) anova yayo, ayo zvino aibatanidza kupinda zvinonyatsorehwa urongwa zvavakanga vachida kuita.

Kupfuura akajeka uye inobudirira chirongwa kuzadzisa mabasa ayo pakuparwa zvaidiwa mitemo zvinotevera:

• chikamu chimwe nechimwe zvinhu zvose nenguva unsubstantiated;
• nhovo zvakarurama uye nenguva akabvumirana vose mapato kwavari;
• kudzora kuurayiwa urongwa rinoitwa akaramba akabatana ayo ano kuchinja.

mitemo nokuronga

To musi, dzinounzwa kuna matanhatu huripo, izvo kunorondedzerwa se mitemo yakananga kuti zviite chitange nomazvo kuita chirongwa.

1. musimboti nekurovererwa, kureva, fanira kushandiswa kuronga hurongwa pasinei rudzi zvemari uye upfumi nebasa zvavakanga vachida kuita. Kudiwa nokuronga munyika yanhasi zvichiitika pamusika upfumi nokuda kugona kurerutsa inokanganisa nechitarisiko zvinhu uye nekusiyana, kunyatsoshandisa zvavo kubatsirawo.
2. musimboti kubatana, kureva, uchiwirirana nokutonga chete Consolidated utariri urongwa kukura kwayo STRUCTURAL pedzimba (semuenzaniso, Category kuronga). Nheyo kubatana - nevakawanda kiyi zvinangwa uye zvirongwa boka, uyewo kudyidzana vose yenhengo dzayo. Kwakavakirwa yakadaro pfungwa se "Kufambisa". kureva kuchinja kuti urongwa chikwata anofanira pakarepo mumatauriro urongwa sangano.
3. Musimboti chamazuva, kureva reupenyu chokuita kuronga zvakanaka uye dzinotsanagura sangano zvavakanga vachida kuita.
4. Musimboti mukana wokushandiswa, kureva Kukwanisa yenhengo dzose urongwa kushandura zvadziri sezvinodiwa nokuda nezvinoitika ezvinhu. Kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti zvaidiwa nhungamiro iyi, urongwa kutaurwa muna urongwa sangano, kureva, mukana kuchinja sezvinodiwa.
5. rakarurama musimboti, kureva, kuona zvaidiwa zvinonyatsorehwa zvebasa urongwa uye zvinogonekwa ari zvebhizimisi, uyewo nguva puranga.
6. Musimboti kutaurawo, kureva, kubatanidzwa kukura vashandi vose. Somuenzaniso, zvine musoro kuti ape Category kuronga vakuru nhengo madhipatimendi mamwe kuwanikwa muzvinyorwa zvavo urongwa.

Types rwekuronga panguva zvebhizimisi

Maererano zvose hunhu urongwa vari rakakamurwa zvekushandisa, zveupfumi uye kushanda uye kugadzirwa. Muchiitiko chokutanga pane plan inokosha zviratidzi okukura kwesangano, apo wechipiri - ano mabasa zvinoitwa kuti basa raro dzakabatana.

Maererano mwero chokwadi zvirongwa zviri rakakamurwa deterministic uye probabilistic. In yokutanga nyaya totaura kuronga zviitiko, mukana izvo zviri pedyo kubatana uye anotsigirwa nevanhu dzechokwadi. Mukupera zvakafamba inobva mashoko ano, naro rinogona akapedzisa mberi dzimwe parameters (semuenzaniso, coefficient kuti kushanduka).

Maererano zviri zvebhizimisi urongwa akakamurwa:

• bhizimisi kuronga
• mumagariro uye basa
• hwesangano, kwezvinhu, etc.

Maererano mwero zvakarurama rakakamurwa yakanatswa uye awanda.

The kuronga kwacho panguva zvebhizimisi

Ose Enterprise, pokuziva kudiwa, anogara anoitisa kuramba kuronga. Chii kuronga muitiro panguva boka uye sei zvinoitika? Rinotanga pakarepo pamwe nekugadzirira urongwa (yekuronga maitiro) uye kusarudza sei kuzadzisa. The rakatevera Danho - the Implementation, pashure danho kuzvidzora uye kuronga ongororo rinotanga, kureva fananidzo zvabuda kubudirira pamwe mabasa.

Planning. Ndeipi kuronga nzira iri zvebhizimisi, kupatsanura yavo

Tsauranisa nzira kunosanganisira reshiyo zvinodiwa zviri zvebhizimisi zviwanikwa uye manyuko rutsigiro, uyewo tsamba pakati STRUCTURAL zvikamu urongwa. Somuenzaniso, dzinoenderana chaiko vachikwanisa wekambani aro operative matambudziko kuitika.

Cash-Analytical nzira inosanganisira kuverenga mamwe zviratidzi kuronga, kuongorora kukura kwavo kana kuderera pasi pokudzora zvimwewo zvinoitika.

Economic-kwemasvomhu nzira inosanganisira kudzidza mabasa zvavakanga vachida kuita basa, kukura shanduro urongwa siyana uye kusarudzwa zviri optimum.

Graphic Analytical nzira inoshandiswa kuedza kufungidzira migumisiro upfumi kuongorora nokuda graphical nzira.

Program-chipfuro nzira - vaigadzirira zvimwe zvirongwa kukura, kureva kuva nezvinangwa uye nzira kuzadzisa, vakabatanidzwa zvakafanana zvinangwa deadlines (semuenzaniso, vachironga rimwe mwedzi).

Kuronga kumberi

Muitiro pavanoteka akagadzira mapurani kwenguva yakareba uye pane kuronga-refu. Chii maonero? Zvanzi, mune pfungwa management, sangano anotarisira mune ramangwana. Kuronga Long-izwi sedare utariri chishandiso kushandiswa ichangopfuura. urongwa aya akambochera nokuti nguva kubvira 5 kusvika 20 makore, uye mukuru pfungwa zvebhizimisi kukura uye nemamiriro matanho anokosha kuti kuzadzisa zvinangwa.

Forward Kuronga rakakamurwa svikiro-izwi (5 years) uye kwenguva refu (nokuti nguva makore anosvika 15). Mukupera zvazvingava, zvinowanzoshandiswa nzira extrapolation, izvo zvinoreva nokuronga yakavakirwa zvekare unongotaura.

Current kuronga. Chii purogiramu?

It abudisa kuburikidza detailed disassembly operative-gore mashanu zano zvebhizimisi rose uye ayo nomumwe mabhizimisi dzakabatana. The chikuru zvinoumba mamiriro kugadzirwa urongwa - mumwe kusaronga (pazuva, vhiki, etc.). Vakati chakaita rokunyora mashoko pamusoro kuvapo varayirwa, urongwa zvokunyama pfuma zvavakanga vachida kuita, mutoro chinhu uye kukwanisa Utilisation, etc.

Kutora chikamu musoro

Kupindana kubvira Kuronga-refu kuti karenda zano dzomunyika Mapoka zvebhizimisi, unofanira:

• ona nhovo zviratidzi imwe nguva imwe neimwe chikwata;
• kuwana uye kubvisa zvichibvira zvinopikisana pakati dzomunyika zvirongwa zvitoro;
• ugovere zvose zvinhu chekambani maererano papurogiramu yacho kugadzirwa.

The chikuru Basa ane ruzivo maneja - zvakanaka swatanudza zvinodiwa kuti Implementation refu kukura, magetsi matambudziko uye zvinodiwa sangano. Kazhinji, zviri kuita imwe kuronga muzinda unokosha.