Pneumothorax: chii? Zvinokonzera, zviratidzo uye Mabatirwo pneumothorax

Pneumothorax - mamiriro umo mhepo iri zvishoma nezvishoma aunganidza ari pleural mhango. Izvi ezvinhu kunoda pakarepo muchipatara. Nyaya ino rinopa mashoko "pneumothorax: chii?", Anoongorora zvinokonzera uye zviratidzo chirwere.

Description of chirwere

Kuvheneka murume zvakazara operative kana kumanikidzwa wakakwirira kupfuura pleural mhango. Kana rokupedzisira nokuda zvimwe zvikonzero anopinda mhepo, nhamba iyi yekudyidzana kwakawedzera. Easy pamusoro kukanganisa sei resizing, izvo zvinokonzera kupfupika mweya uye zvimwe zviratidzo anokonzerwa yakachena kukanganisika.

Mukurapa, mamiriro inonzi pneumothorax. Kazhinji kunoitika vechiduku pasi makore 40. Kana uine zviratidzo Kuipa vakawanda ezvinhu omurwere anofanira muchipatara nokukurumidza. Zvikasadaro, zviri kuwedzera ngozi yematambudziko zvinouraya.

Zvinokonzera siyana chirwere

Sei pneumothorax, chii ichocho? The chirwere kunoitika pamusoro pakanyorwa nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana kuti vaone yayo chaiyo kutarira. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, vanachiremba kusiyanisa zvinotevera kupatsanura pakati zvokurwara:

1. Vaingoerekana pneumothorax. Inokudziridza pasina chikonzero (chikuru) kana zvirwere kumashure (yechipiri). Kazhinji chirwere varume pakati pemakore 20 kusvika makore anenge 40 underweight. Hosha iri majini kubatwa kana zvemapapu kuremara. Uyezve, tibhii, kana mabayo anogona kukonzera kwakadai zvokurwara.
2. Zvinorwadza pneumothorax. Inokudziridza nokuda thoracal kukuvara, zvose risapinda maronda, uye kubva munyika kukuvara. In yokutanga nyaya mhepo wakapfuurira zvakananga kupinda pleural mhango kuburikidza ronda rakavhurika, uye ipapo kuishandisa chinobviswa. Kana yechipiri chirwere atsamwira yacho yemapapu. Nokuda chirwere ichi mhepo takasununguka anopinda pleural nzvimbo.
3. Iatrogenic pneumothorax. Inokudziridza somugumisiro chirwere kana kuti yokurapwa evanhu (zvemapapu biopsy, ponji, catheterization).

Vakapa kupatsanura kunoita kuti zvakanaka rokuongorora "pneumothorax" uye taurira yakakwana kurapwa.

The kunotoda Mufananidzo chirwere

The zvokurwara rinotanga kukura dzaro kwaita kurwadziwa muchipfuva, iyo inogona kupiwa ari mutsipa kana repamusoro nzvimbo mudumbu. The kusagadzikana zvikuru kana kufema kana chaiko nesimba. Sezvo kuchiita chirwere pane kuomarara ari mubhokisi, vanhu vanonzwa kuperevedza mhepo. Izvi imhaka kuwedzera kumanikidza ari pleural mhango uye compression yacho yemapapu. Uyewo, pane kupfupika mweya, kufema kudzika chisingazivi hunokwanisa zororo.

Chenjera kushaya okisijeni kunotungamirira pallor. Uyezve, pane kwemwoyo akurumidze uye kunyanya vangadikitira.

chimiro pneumothorax

Kuvapo / kusavapo kukurukura kwezvakatipoteredza runoita kuti patsanura hosha zvinotevera siyana:

• Akakiyiwa. Inokudziridza kana mhepo chinopinda munzvimbo pleural mudunhu. Akaora, chimiro ichi chirwere kunoratidzwa kupfuura munyoro. uwandu mhepo duku kunogona kukurumidza hwavo.
• Open. Pane nesumbu zvakawandisa mhepo iri pleural mhango, kuburikidza izvo bhokisi rusvingo bronchus kana kukuvaradzwa ronda anokurukura zvakatipoteredza. Mumwe inspiratory mhepo zvinoenda pleural mhango, uye odzokera panguva nedzinovengwa. Zvinova akaenzana mumhepo kumanikidzwa, chinoguma atelectasis.
• Valve. chimiro ichi pneumothorax ichaongororwa wakakura zvikuru. Kana ronda riri guru, kunzwisisa vharafu mamiriro aumbwa. Kana Kufema mhepo anopinda pleural mhango panguva nedzinovengwa asi haagoni anongoerekana shure. Inzwi rayo riri zvishoma kuwedzera. The chirwere kunotungamirira misha uye compression pamusoro mediastinal nhengo, nokuvhiringidzirwa kufema uye kufamba kweropa.

Zvichienderana bhuku mhepo iri pleural nzvimbo rakatenderedzwa yoga, paavhareji uye zvachose pneumothorax. Mukupera nyaya, chiedza ane zvishoma pane hafu inowanzotorwa vhoriyamu.

Zvinoitwa chirwere muvana

Pneumothorax vachangoberekwa anogona kuitika pakarepo pashure vokutanga kundosvikira shoma. Muchiitiko chino, zviri kwakanga kwatangwa chimiro chirwere. Inokudziridza pamwe gogonera-kukura mumapapu, izvo kazhinji kunoitika nokuda urema ari mwana. Vana kusvika makore matatu, ichi kunogona kuomesa nemabayo. In kuyaruka, chirwere ichi chinoitika panguva vangakosora panguva inotevera asima kurwisa.

Pneumothorax mune vana varege kuratidza akaora. Dzimwe nguva pane pfupi-rokuti kumira kufema, vari zvikuru zviitiko - cyanosis ganda, kugwinha, nokukurumidza kwemwoyo. Mazano kurapwa vakafanana nedzevakuru.

Diagnostics

Correct uye rakakodzera chirwere zvinokosha vanofungidzirwa pneumothorax, nekuti ezvinhu akadaro kazhinji unobereka matambudziko. Yekusimbisa chirwere kunoita basa rinokosha chitarisiko murwere, izvo kazhinji rinobatanidza zvose pamusoro zviratidzo zvokurwara. Uyezve, munhu anofanira kutora rimwe mamiriro (akagara kana accumbency), ipapo kumanikidza ari pleural nzvimbo Runonzwika kwete zvikuru.

Kuisa kuongororwa chaiko, chirwere haisi kukwana, saka murwere ushandiswe bhokisi X-ray kuti vanofungidzirwa pneumothorax. Chii? kudzidza Izvi kwazvo anodzidzisa uye anobvumira kuti kuziva nzvimbo sei, kuparara zvemapapu nharaunda.

Radiography - haisi nzira chete nechirwere. Kana uchifungidzira munhu pneumothorax anopiwawo nzvimbo CT scan, muedzo kuvapo gasi ropa, electrocardiography.

rwekutanga

Pneumothorax anonzi okukurumidzira ezvinhu. Mumwe munhu anofanira kupa kwechimbichimbi rubatsiro kune zvakakanganisa: kudzikama naye pasi, kuti tibu- kuwana reokisijeni kuti chikwata utano nenyanzvi.

Kana paine chiri panze pneumothorax kupfeka rinoshandisirwa kuitira kuti asimbise akaremara parusvingo sternum. In pakaita dambudziko, pasina chena zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa kugadzirwa rinoreva (Shirts, tangi misoro). Chaiyoiyo chikamu Mucheka rinofanira kuiswa zvakananga ronda pachayo. Kuti asimbise lesion pamusoro kupfeka rinoshandisirwa cellophane kana polyethylene.

Kana vharafu pneumothorax murwere zvinoda pleural ponji kuti kubviswa vakasununguka gasi jitter mediastinal uye zvemapapu nhengo kuswatura.

Zvakakosha kurerutsa chirongwa murwere kufema. Nokuti chinangwa ichi zvakakodzera kuisa riri pakakwirira penyika. Kana kufenda kunofanira kuunza munhu kuupenyu. Kana ruoko haisi amoniya, izvozvo zvinogona kutsiviwa angambosvika ane kunzwa kunhuwa (anonhuwira, peturu). Pashure rwekutanga anofanira vamirire zvikwata utano nenyanzvi.

Kunorapwa muchipatara

Varwere pneumothorax inozviisa fanira muchipatara. Muchipatara nyanzvi dziri kuita ponji pakati pleural mhango, zvokuti nekumwisa mhepo kunze. Treatment kunobva zvakananga chimiro chirwere.

Kuchinja mabatiro rinoshanda kuna kana chiri namahwindo duku pneumothorax. Murwere anofanira nechokwadi mubhedha zororo iri ushandiswe inonyaradza marwadzo omusoro kana zvakakodzera.

Kana nhamba pachake ari chirwere pleural mhango abudise yakatarwa. Izvi zvakakodzera kudzivirira kuvhunduka mhinduro uye kupora nyore.

Kana murwere ane pakachena pneumothorax, rubatsiro inopiwa vasati vasvika zvikwata utano nenyanzvi, anobvumira kuponesa upenyu murwere. The chikuru Basa vanachiremba - zvokurwara ashandurire kuva namahwindo chakuvhuvhu. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, kuti ronda sutured, apo kupinda mhepo kupinda pleural mhango pakati chemabhazi. Kunoteverwa kumonyanisa zvakafanana avo inodiwa nechirwere kuti "namahwindo pneumothorax."

Pashure pokuvhiyiwa, murwere inokurudzirwa kwevhiki ina kusiya zvachose chiitwa. Kusvetukira ndege rakarambidzwa kwemazuva 14 pashure kurapwa. Vanachiremba vari zano varege kuita mitambo yomumvura uye mamwe basa mitambo. Izvi zvose rinoita kumanikidzwa donhwe.

The fungidziro pashure kurapwa

Zvaizobuda chirwere anoenderana nezera uye kurara murwere, kuvapo yematambudziko uye anoenderana zvirwere. Vaingoerekana pneumothorax zvemapapu kuti kunoitika pamusoro yaitwa majini susceptibility kunoratidzwa yakanaka mugumisiro.

Muna 20% nyaya, varwere kuona kuitazve chirwere, kunyanya kana anokonzerwa chepuraimari chirwere. Inokuvadza ndiye mamiriro womunhu, kana pleural mhango izere mhepo kubva kumativi maviri. Kazhinji, izvi rinobatanidza kusachengeteka kukuru kufema kukundikana uye rufu. Two-nzira chimiro pneumothorax kunoratidzwa yakanaka zvichanaka chete 50% nyaya. At ichi zvazvingava kunokanganisa kwazvo timeliness uye unhu rwekutanga.

yematambudziko pneumothorax

Inenge hafu sei chirwere kuva matambudziko akasiyana-siyana. Pakati pavo riri kuonekwa vakawanda ropa munzvimbo pleural mhango, izvo kazhinji kacho ane zvakanaka mugumisiro. With zvikuru ropa kurasikirwa chiremba kugadzirisa murwere rufu. Kunyange kana zvichibvira kuti normalize mamiriro murwere, anowedzera mukana cardiac uye kufema kukundikana. Zvose izvi ezvinhu ndiwo upenyu pangozi.

Dzechimwe pneumothorax musiyano wezvinyorwa mukana muchikuvadza hweHIV uye paumbwe subcutaneous emphysema. Mhepo zvishoma nezvishoma chinopinda munzvimbo subcutaneous mafuta, riri mumugariro ngozi. Chimwe kuomesa chirwere ichi kuonekwa kuzvimba pleura petals. Zvinonzi pamwe rakajeka kunotoda mufananidzo uye kunoda kwazvo kurapwa.

matanho

Dzakananga Kudzivirira chirwere nzira havapo. Kudzivirira chirwere ichi, vanachiremba vanoti kuomerera mararamiro utano, regedza tsika dzakaipa, nguva kubata zvirwere uye kupedza nguva yakawanda panze.

Kubva zvinhu ino, iwe wakadzidza nei dzakasimukira pneumothorax, chii, chii ayo chikuru zviratidzo. Kana chikuru zviratidzo zvokurwara havafaniri kutya. Pneumothorax - haasi mutongo, varwere vakawanda vakabudirira kurarama chirwere chakadai. Zvinoenderana Nenguva uye kurapwa zvinogona kumisa zvokurwara, kudzivirira kukura yematambudziko.