Power zvitengeswa hurongwa: design, mudziyo oparesheni. Zvionera simba zvitengeswa hurongwa

Kunatsiridza nazvo zvivako uye maindasitiri zvivako zvakatungamirira kushandiswa kwakapararira yemagetsi simba zvinyorwa uye anoenderana kwezvivako. In mafekitari ano zvitengeswa gadziriro basa kutakura mutoro mukuru, sezvo kuchangotanga kukundikana musimba midziyo kunogona kutyorwa pagadzirwe kwendangariro. Uye ichi ndicho chete chikamu njodzi kuti inofanira kushoma panguva padariro kukura basa magetsi hurongwa. No mibvunzo zvishoma kukosha Optimization pamusoro kwezvivako, sezvo mutengo simba zvinhu, muitiro kuva chinhu chinonyanya zvinodhura bhajeti yokuzvigadzirisa akaitwa.

Kudomwa simba zvitengeswa nehurongwa

Kazhinji, vanachiremba pamwe chikuru zvebasa izvi hurongwa emit sezvamunoita zvavo uye unhu. Asi kuparadzana parameters izvi kuchaita havatsananguri nani chinetso magetsi achipa zvinoriumba uye hurongwa. chinangwa chavo chikuru ndiko kupa kuchiunza simba vatengi. Sezvo yokupedzisira chingava chiduku private Zvivako, uye pamwero mukuru zvebhizimisi kuti remunharaunda kukosha. Kazhinji, simba wedzerai hurongwa anoita bhainda pakati kunobva uye mugamuchiri simba.

Marongerwo zvinoriumba

Electric simba zvitengeswa kunzwisisa inogona achimiririrwa yakakoswa hurongwa. Izvi zvakananga simba tsime, kuparadzira kwezvivako uye zvinoreva kuti vachigovera magetsi. Nokuti ukama pakati zvinoumba simba romugove mamiriro mudziyo inopa zvakawanda zvokushandisa uye ebetsero zvinhu:

• kutapukirwa mutsetse (kupa simba hutachiwana kuti vagamuchiri);
• pasi substations (chikuru simba kutendeuka rinoitwa kubva kwarwakabva);
• Kuparadzirwa chiteshi (chinokosha kushanda simba yokuparadzira kupa vatengi wandei);
• kuchinja zvidzidzo (yemagetsi nekubudisa vari kugadzirira kuguma kushandiswa);
• mhepo mitsetse uye netambo (kubatana nhengo, iyo vanoumba nomumbure musimba wedzerai kwezvivako);
• conductors (kupa yaro yokupedzisira simba chiyamuro vagamuchiri).

emagetsi mhando

Power dzemapurisa vanonyanya akagadzirirwa kumira-oga simba wedzerai ezvinhu mhando dzakasiyana. mudziyo ichi, izvo zvinosanganisira gwenya generating kuitika. Modern simba miti ushande mhando nhatu huni - ndiwo peturu, gasi uye Diesel.

Generators pamusoro peturu chinotsva iri aiwanzoshandiswa sezvo negadziriro yeparutivi hurongwa nokuenzanisa pamusoro pfupi kushanda. nenhepfenyuro zvakadaro basa iri isingadhuri uye nyore, asi yakakwirira mafuta mari usarega kushandisa kwavo kunyatsodzidza modes. More simba Diesel simba hurongwa advantageously yakaderera Nokuraramisa mari (ne 20% achienzaniswa peturu analogues), asi midziyo pachayo uye zvakawanda installation zvinodhura. Gas magetsi akawana nzvimbo yayo kwerunyararo guru maindasitiri mabasa - kuti zvakanakira akadaro kwezvivako zvinosanganisira affordability, mukurumari, uye peturu.

patani

Mukuita rakasikwa muenzaniso yemberi magetsi hurongwa kunoda matanho anoverengeka, kusanganisira - budiriro chirongwa magetsi simba, achiritara nechokuenzanisa, nzvimbo uye parameters yacho michina. The ano namaapuro simba romugove gadziriro inosanganisira zvinotevera mabasa:

• kusika midziyo marongerwo hurongwa;
• tichiswedera chikafu network uye kuparadzirwa nematunhu;
• kusarudzwa netambo, akaverenga hama dzavo oparesheni parameters;
• nokuumba waya haberleri;
• Tevera tambo;
• budiriro nokurondedzerwa;
• gadziriro yacho wiring marongerwo uye akabatanidza michina.

Nokuti vakawanda akagadzira remapazi vanachiremba vanofanira kuona magetsi mutoro uye dzemaitirwe isimba kuti richashandiswa hutachiwana nokuparadzirwa magetsi pakati vagamuchiri ayo. Also kufungwa zvinhu zviri kudiwa uye yakaiswa chinzvimbo.

Pakusarudza midziyo

Kana chirongwa wagadzirwa, penyanzvi kuenda kusarudzwa Hardware, pakutevedzera simba hurongwa. Basic mashoko pamusoro iyo midziyo anosarudzwa, anopa magadzirirwo simba romugove enyika maererano Masvomhu uye uchishandisa mamiriro. Zvinoumba zvakaoma achasarudza ayo mukurumari uye rakavimbika. Pari, mazita zvokushandisa zvinangwa zvakadaro zvinosanganisira waya uye waya zvigadzirwa, mukuru-voltage zvokushandisa, kuputika-uchapupu magetsi, chiedza zvigadzirwa, emagetsi uye simba pazviteshi, transformer kugadzwa, simba zvemagetsi uye nenhumbi siyana.

kuwedzera

Ndicho mukunopera pakasikwa kunzwisisa nemushonga, izvo zvinosanganisira ungano uye kuisa midziyo. Installation iri mabasa pokukurukura chirongwa Data uye chirimwa waivako - sokune pamwe Implementation mabasa pakuburitswa zvivako zviri unyanzvi kufungawo mukana phased kugadzwa nomunhu zvinoriumba pasina kudikanwa kumisa Workflow. Panguva iyi, kushandisa michina rinoitwa nokuda simba nerubatsiro hurongwa uye chidhiraivho chaiwo controllers. Next, kuita basa akavhiyiwa uye kuti anodiwa yakabvumira kugadziriswa kwemutemo wekuita kuti mirayiro nazvo uye kushanda.

utariri uye mashandiro misimboti

Uchifunga nyaya anoita magetsi gadziriro, zvakakosha kufungawo ndechokuti SERVICING hwesimba zvinyorwa uye kuyeuka magetsi anofanira kubudisa zvinhu zvizhinji zvinodiwa vatengi. Nemamwe mashoko, basa chechitima network rinowanikwa pamusoro zvinobvira kuchinja vagamuchiri mitoro. Pfungwa kudzvinyirirwa simba nerubatsiro gadziriro kunopa akarovedzwa mudonzvo kudzora nzvimbo kuti zvakarurama vanogona chamber vagamuchiri kudiwa magetsi. Pachishandiswa zviratidzo izvi, basa anosarudza Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri nhamba emagetsi apo achidzikisa mutoro kana nekusiyana, achatanga negadziriro yeparutivi yemapurisa nokuwedzera simba zvinodiwa.

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kubva afoot unhu basa kunobva kuita uye kuchengeteka vashandi panguva vachida kwendangariro. Abnormalities musimba wedzerai kunogona kukonzera tsaona, sokunonoka pamusoro conveyors uye mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu uye mananara, somugumisiro izvo zvinoita kuti chidzoke yevanhu uye underproduction kuti kugadzirwa zvigadzirwa.

Nzira dzekuziva nadzo kunaka simba zvitengeswa

Basa mugadziriro, ichipa simba simba makambani, hunokonzera kunofanirawo kuramba zvakakwana kuita mabasa avo. Maererano nebasa iri kugoverwa zviumbu muchishandisa zvinotaurwa:

• Kuona ishande emagetsi, network uye kuyeuka zvinoriumba zvitengeswa. Nenzira, rakavimbika simba nerubatsiro gadziriro mumwe chikuru kunyatsoongorora yepamusoro wayo, uyewo maintainability pamwe hurefu.
• Kugadzikana kuuraya Rongai Magetsi Chizvarwa nokuparadzirwa kwayo hunotevedzana pamwe maxima nhau zvinodiwa nevatengi mitoro.
• Kuchengetedza simba unhu wakakumikidzwa vagamuchiri. Zvinofanira zvidikanwi zvemagetsi wedzerai voltage uye maitikiro.

Kuti vawane optimum anodawo mamiriro, simba wedzerai hurongwa raitungamirwa nokudzora mukamuri. The yokupedzisira, uyewo, kunopa nematurusi nayo kushandisa kuzvidzora, configuration, simba zvakanaka, simba yedzimudzangara mitsetse uye zvishoma pasi substation.

modes kushanda

Chero kunzwisisa simba nerubatsiro kunopa kudzivirira pachavo vari chiitiko dzenjodzi ezvinhu. Kazhinji, izvi ataure dziviriro hurongwa, zvakazoita kuparadzana modes kuti nokushanda nesimba enyika mukati mhando nhatu: kuipa, nechimbichimbi uye post-tsaona. Chimiro chokutanga kunoratidzwa risina kumiswa simba simba. In ezvinhu kushanda akadaro, simba romugove mamiriro maindasitiri emakambani achipa yakakwana zviwanikwa uye runodiwa yepamusoro. In kwechimbichimbi muoti kunowanzoitika kushanda wegadziriro akashatirwa uye rinovapo kusvikira nhambo apo dzikava kure uye ukama chikamu. Post-mhosva simba hurongwa oparesheni panoberekwa pamanyorerwo kusvikira akadzorera chakaipa kuita yose kunzwisisa.

Kupatsanura mugadziriro simba zvitengeswa

Pane zvinotaurwa akawanda kuzvitsaura kwesimba hurongwa kuti kupa vatengi pamwe magetsi. Zvichienderana kunobva simba wedzerai ino anogona kuva electrochemical, imwe Diesel-emagetsi uye yenyukireya. zvivako akadaro akasiyana mune configuration Somuenzaniso, muri centralized, decentralized uye vasanganiswa. No zvishoma zvinokosha iri kupatsanura uye ano maitiro, DC uye AC.

Power zvitengeswa hurongwa zvinoshandiswa ezvinhu akasiyana uye panguva nzvimbo dzakasiyana. Panyaya iyi inofanira kufunga mufambo yavo (mira, inotakurika uye transportable) uye ndezvaiye mutengi. Asi zvichida chinonyanya kukosha kuparadzana rinoreva kuenda. Saka, pane pabasa gadziriro, shure-up uye nechimbichimbi. Nokuchengeta zvebhizimisi simba romugove hurongwa anoita mabasa ayo zvisingatomboiti nenzira uye, sezvo mutemo, ndiko kwainyanya dzemagetsi. Negadziriro yeparutivi hurongwa, Ukuwo, kazhinji ndivo anotsigira kwezvivako simba romugove - the yokutsiva huru kunzwisisa. Emergency simba nerubatsiro kazhinji zvinopa mukana basa rinonyanya kukosha zvinhu nokuda kwemaawa kana mazuva mashoma.

Zvionera simba zvitengeswa hurongwa

Pfungwa zvionera gadziriro imhaka kudiwa inishuwarenzi pamusoro zvichibvira simba romugove zvinetso nomuzongoza zvakarukwa uye simba nemamwe majeure. Kazhinji kuzvidzora ine simba nerubatsiro hurongwa zvinoshandiswa nemakambani ane isingachinji kugadzirwa rikurumidze uye kudiwa risina kumiswa simba zvitengeswa. Chaizvoizvo, ndicho Magetsi pamwe akazvimirira kuzvidzora. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti zvionera simba nerubatsiro vari yakasimba, asi zvinoda munhu kudhura naro nokuchengetedza. Ukuwo, izvi anoruramiswa tichifunga kugadzikana uye rakavimbika simba zvitengeswa.