Public Choice dzidziso

Public sarudzo dzidziso - dzidziso iyi (kuranga), mukati iro tsvakurudzo nzira uye unyanzvi iyo vanhu vanoshandisa masangano hurumende dzavo pachavo vabatsirwe. Kuongorora chinhu rinoitwa mumamiriro ezvinhu zvose mumiririri uye zvakananga hweruzhinji. Panyaya iyi, ruzhinji kusarudza pfungwa kunyanya kudzidza nesarudzo muitiro, utariri policies, uye mamwe mabasa vevatariri.

The kuongorora anotanga nemashoko zvakananga gutsaruzhinji vakazoroorwa mberi mumiririri somurongi vakaomerwa chinhu. The yezvinoreva nyaya dzokudzidza vanobatanidzwa uye nzira upfumi murau. Dzidziso dzimwe nguva anonzi itsva zvoupfumi enyika nokuti chokuti rinoongorora zvematongerwo mashandiro ose macroeconomic sarudzo.

Public sarudzo yokuti kutsoropodza Keynesians, ndokuupfurira mubvunzo pamusoro kubudirira, nzira yakakodzera hurumende Kupindira munyika zvoupfumi munyika. Vamiririri kudzidzisa sezvo chinhu ongororo musanangurwa kwete tinzwe mari uye mari mazano, asi zvakananga nehurumende yokuita sarudzo.

Akaumba ari mashanu uye sixties remakore rechi20, dzidziso paruzhinji sarudzo rava chinokosha chezvinonhuwira chiNazi zvechechi kudzidza. Pakarepo riwedzere kuti kukura chirango rakatanga nhaurirano iri thirties uye forties. Nepo paiva nematambudziko evanhu zvoupfumi uye musika gutsaruzhinji. Mumakore sixties makore zvikuru kwazvo migumisiro yacho bepa Arrow musi Social Choice uye Values Individual. In basa iri isu correlated pfungwa ehurumende uye munhu. Zvinopikisana pfungwa iyi akazviratidza Tullock uye Buchanan. Vakasundidzira imwe Ringanidzo pakati pamusika uye hurumende. Panyaya iyi, ukama pakati vagari uye hurumende iri kufunga, maererano nheyo "quid aifarira kwakabva". Hazvina pfungwa idzi uye zvadaro akatanga kuvaka dzidziso paruzhinji sarudzo.

Rokutanga kushandisa shoma kuongorora zviri kudzidza bhajeti kwacho, kuti Modelling pamusoro pomugove uye kudiwa pamisika kwezvirongwa upfumi vaiva vamiririri chikoro Italian nehurumende mari. Izvi inofananidza vaiva zvinotevera unhu, Mazzola, Pantaleoni, Viti of Marco. Akagadzira navo pakupera kwezana remakore rechi19 pfungwa yakagadzirwa mberi mune mabasa vamiririri Swedish School of Economics. Saka, Lindahl uye Wicksell akateerera kunyanya enyika urongwa, kuti anogovera chaiyo wezwi pamusoro fiscal mutemo rehurumende.

Tinofanira kuziva kuti dzakabudirira nzira uye pfungwa kwenguva refu vasina kushandiswa uchidzidzira. Pakazosvika forties uye mashanu ari masayendisiti gakava vakatanga kushingaira kupinda dzidziso pfungwa hunhu mabasa uye maitiro evanhu mumunda enyika. It dzinongoita akaita kuti Bhuku mabasa Arrow, Downs, Schumpeter, Black pazvinobvira kuonga.

Somugumisiro, kukura pfungwa kwakaita kuti paumbwe kunzwisisa urongwa, izvo chaizvoizvo ndiyo dzidziso paruzhinji sarudzo. A rinokosha kukura dzidziso vaiva vamiririri Virginia School of Economics.

Vomuyaimbova kupfuma munhu kusarudza mumwe nzira unozvipiwa. Panyaya iyi, Analytical nzira yokudzidza ari maitiro evanhu vari pamusika ezvinhu vanoonekwa nokudenga. Panyaya iyi, vanogona kushandiswa ose nzvimbo apo munhu anofanira kuita chisarudzo.

Sezvo mukuru prerequisites kuti paumbwe masayendisiti kutsigira chokwadi kuti basa vanhu zvematongerwo bhora iri chokuita kudzivirira zvivanakire. Saka kusiyana pakati zvematongerwo enyika uye mabhizimisi havapo.