"Ruzivo": nhoroondo pakusikwa nhetembo

Mubasa mudetembi Russian uye novelist MY Lermontov detembo somunhu Genre, uyewo musoro Caucasus agara kubatikana nzvimbo inokosha. "Ruzivo" - basa rakanyorwa pana vakura zera uye embody yakanakisisa zvakaitika munyori kudanana, kwete chete kuimba hwakakura hunhu makomo uye akasika mufananidzo indomitable gamba uye rusununguko-rudo.

Tsamwa nhoroondo nhetembo "Mtsyri" Lermontov nguva dzose vafarire pakati vaverengi. The zvakawanda saka nokuti zvinobatsira kunzwisisa zvarongwa nevatambi uye tsika chivimbo nemunyori. Kusvika pamwero inogona kunzi akareurura gamba nzira yokuratidza pfungwa uye tariro, tomivshih nyanduri munguva yakaoma Russia.

sei pfungwa "The ruzivo" nhetembo

Nhoroondo zvakasikwa zviri midzi yake mudiki Lermontov. Ndava nemakore gumi, akabva katsamba, iyo yakati kuti angada kutsaurira mumwe zvaakasika vezera tomivshemusya kumonasitiri (akanga chokuita nyanduri jeri) uye zviroto rusununguko. Lermontov pachake akanyora kuti chinonyanya zvakamuomera panguva iyoyo yaiva kusarudza zvinangwa. Pavakanga vari isinganzwisisiki kuti zvakazara vaneshungu hunhu munyori, basa rakakundikana. All kuti akatendeuka akabuda kunyora ( "vanoreurura" ichi nhetembo 30 uye "Boyar Orsha"), hakusi zvaakanga vaifungidzira jaya.

Nhoroondo "ruzivo" pamusoro nhetembo Lermontov: A Chronology

Hero ruzivo akanga ukama mifananidzo mabasa kwokutanga Nyanduri. detembo "Confession" rakanyorwa 1830. Its chakaita wechidiki Spaniard kupa vamwe mukana wokutaura pamusoro munamati ari yemamongi-mujeri. The gamba, uyo akatongerwa rufu, hazvirevi kudemba pamusoro dambudziko rake. Mukupesana, iye kumukira pamusoro mitemo inodzvinyirira uye kuratidza kuda kurwira rudo kwevanhu. On ake hope hadzisi kuzadzika uye zvinotarisirwa akaudza yekare mumongi - ichi kare wafungidzira Zano hwaro "ruzivo."

Papera chinguva, nhoroondo kwezvisikwa "The ruzivo" nyaya anowana kukura kwayo. Pakati pezana remakore 30s Lermontov akanyora imwe nhetembo - "Boyar Orsha". The chiito anotora nzvimbo mairi pamakore zvinotyisa rokutonga Ivana Groznogo. Nyaya protagonist Arseniy upenyu zvakananga inonyatsoratidza njodzi Spaniard, uye dzimwe mitsetse zvavo kutaura romoto akadzokorora anenge zvachose. Nhetembo mutsva, nyaya hunowedzera kunzwisisa uye kunosanganisira nyore rudo nyaya neschatnoy nhapwa uye mwanasikana womuchinda wamambo. Gare gare, pfungwa huru mabasa aya (zviya, Lermontov navo kumbobvira rakabudiswa) achawana okuti mune nyaya ruzivo, kuti anotibvumira kutaura kwavo ukama zvakananga.

Saka, zvakatora makore asati pfungwa kweuduku MY Lermontov mudzidziso akakurumbira kudanana nyaya nhetembo. Saka nyaya rezvisikwa "The ruzivo" raakazoita kwemakore akawanda basa munyori.

Kufamba Georgian Military Highway

Akatevera zvakasimbisa kuti Implementation kuti vakaronga kuti nyanduri aiva kubatana wokutanga. Muna 1837, CA Lermontov, vachitevera kunzvimbo "musungwa", akapfuura mumwe Caucasian dzemamongi muna Mtskheta (atumidzwa pamazuva akare, guta guru Georgia). Pano pakanga musangano ane mumongi akwegura, uyo zvino chete nzira uye anorondedzera nyaya kwezvisikwa "The ruzivo." Lermontov, maererano P. Viskovatov, mushure kukurukura, akafunga kurota kwake akare.

Vigai (vanonzi Georgian mushumiri yemamongi) akaudza anosuruvarisa nyaya upenyu hwake. Noumwe nguva, kunyange mukomana wemakore matanhatu, akanga atora musungwa uye akaendeswa Russian General (maererano Lermontov - Yermolov) munharaunda iyi. Mumwe novices ose wemamongi Javari akaita tsitsi kune mwana uye vakasiya nayo kumba. Musungwa pakutanga akaedza rikanganise, kunyange vaite kutiza, akapotsa raguma rufu rwake. Zvisinei, nokufamba kwenguva izvozvo zvizere basa kuti mugumo wake uye akaramba zvachose kurarama pakati mamongi. Hazvina nyaya iyi yakafuridzirwa Lermontov kunyora nhoroondo itsva rusununguko-rudo uye inopandukira gamba. Naizvozvo zvichaitika rekare vigai uye nhoroondo "ruzivo" nhetembo ikava mumwe.

Ushande chigadzirwa

Achidzokera kubva Caucasus, mudetembi akadzokera kwake kuronga akwegura uye organically vakabatana ake kunzwa nyaya. Wild uye yakanaka Caucasian hunhu, kana panzvimbo munharaunda Javari wemamonk, iri pedyo confluence vaviri simba nzizi Kura uye Aragvi, ndizvo zvakanakisisa akakodzera ari kumashure (a hunhu kudanana nhetembo) kuti paku- zviitiko. Akarangarira Georgian ngano zvigadzirwa (somuenzaniso, ngano dzose mbada yomusango), atinzwe Lermontov zvapfuura nzendo kuna eCaucasus. Ivo rinoitei yekudyidzana pamusoro mutambi ruzivo. Nhoroondo nhetembo, saka vachiwedzera akasungirirwa yaizivikanwa zviri upenyu kuCaucasus uye pachavo nemaonero zvasara kubva zhinji kushanyira nzvimbo idzi. Somugumisiro, ava kuswedera rugwaro akaberekwa kudanana nhetembo: yake zvinyorwa akachengetedzwa chiratidzo munyori inofanira kuratidzwa nomusi kupera: August 5, 1839. Uye gore rakatevera basa yakabudiswa dzakaunganidzwa nhetembo Nyanduri.

The kusunungurwa

History of pakusikwa nhetembo "Mtsyri" unosanganisira Aksakov nyaya pamusoro sei, muna May 1840 mudetembi pachake kuverenga chitsauko "The kurwisana ne ingwe" iri rekuberekwa emunyori, NV Gogol. Munyori pachake akanga asipo panguva pati, asi akataura vaimbova vakokwa ipapo. Maererano naye, idzva "mwana" Lermontov akanga akakwazisa nechido uye kwakamutsa zvine mhinduro.

Other ndangariro ndichiva vakajairana nhetembo akasiya AN Masvosve. Akanyora kuti muna 1839 akashanyira Tsarskoye tiiviste, apo panguva iyoyo aiva nyanduri. Mumwe manheru akashanyira Lermontov, uyo akanga ari yaifara ezvinhu, uye verenga kubva pakutanga kupedzisa matsva "kugonesesa" detembo rinonzi "The ruzivo."

Paumbwe rangano pezvingoro

Processing kunzwa nyaya uye kubatanidza pamwe pfungwa pamuviri chigadzirwa - ariwo nhoroondo "The ruzivo." Lermontov kwete pakarepo kubuda zita. Nekubatwa detembo yainzi "Berry". Sezvo oparesheni uye embodiments okusika magadzirirwo basa Header achinja. Shoko "Berry" yeshanduro mu nzira Russian "mumongi". Asi Lermontov kwakaita gamba harisati vakapfuura tsika tonsure, saka zviri zvikuru zita yakakodzera "The ruzivo." Mukuwedzera, mumutauro wokuGeorgia, shoko iri aiva mumwe zvinorehwa - mutorwa, murume oga, pasina hama neshamwari. It zvakazara rinotsanangura chikuru hunhu nhetembo.

Call vaneshungu mweya

Destiny panguva mukuru pakati Javari, achataura mudetembi, uye majaya kubva munhetembo zvakakura zvakasiyana - zvakanga zvikurukuru yemunyori kwaiita. Kutanga Akasiya kuna mugumo wake, uye akagara wemamongi ndakwegura. A chishuvo yechipiri chero nzira kusununguka. In ake tsvakurudzo haasi kutya kutaura kubuda pamusoro isingazivikanwi, asi pedyo ichi naye nyika hwezvisikwa. It chiratidzo chepachena noupenyu nokuda ruzivo.

Nhoroondo nhetembo unosanganisira yakafanana Kushandurwa upenyu muduku musungwa - mufananidzo mutana ane zvakawanda akatsunga mweya gamba, uyo akaberekwa kuCaucasus.

Sei ruzivo anofa

detembo inosuruvarisa pakuguma. Asava mutendi mutsva, saka aida kuwana kubatana pamwe zvakasikwa afa. Pasi mitemo Romantic gamba anowana kubatana pamwe kana kurarama naye kwemakore anoverengeka uye dai iye zvakanaka mamongi, kana okunze zvakasikwa. Asava mutendi mutsva mutorwa wokutanga pamweya. Ekupedzisira kuikunda yemamongi dzidzo gamba.

Conceptual pfungwa "ruzivo", nyaya pakusikwa nhetembo inoratidza inopandukira mweya nyanduri, kutodzima mu soulless mumhepo nezvaiva muRussia muna 30s remakore rechi19. Zviri Kurota yake "munhu yakakura hunhu" kuti anotsvaka kurwisa uye vakagadzirira kuenda vachitsvaka kugumisa.