Rybczynski Theorem: zvinoreva nemigumisiro

Sezvo kuberekwa kwenyika kutengeserana zvoupfumi theorists wakamboedza vachidzidza ukama zvose zvirimo kubva nemaonero nesayenzi. Ivo, kufanana wefizikisi, kuziva theorems itsva uye tsanangura zvinhu, zvichiita kuti kuderera kana kuwedzera emari munyika. Yepamusoro Kugadzirwa dzemarudzi ukama kwaiva nguva capitalization uye rearrangement mauto ari dzakawanda, chete pamusoro post-hondo kumwedzi. Munyaya iyi boka dzidziso, kusanganisira Rybczynski theorem no. Muchidimbu uye zvakajeka vanoedza kutsanangura musimboti ino.

Kwaakabva

A wechiduku Chirungu mudzidzi TM Rybczynski muna 45-50 makore remakore rapfuura, kudzidza migumisiro indasitiri pamusoro upfumi. Mumakore iwayo, vakabudirira yakatanga noukama dzakawanda, uye Britain aiva mumwe vaikudzwa kunyika aina nenhumbi. Huru mirayiridzo iri kudzidzwa Rybczynski akanga Heckscher-Ohlin theorem no. Maererano zvinodavirwa muchitendero ayo, nyika kunze kwenyika chete zvinhu vane kugadzirwa rinokwanirwa zviwanikwa zvayo, uye kutenga avo kuti vanoda zvikuru nokukurumidza. Zvaizoratidza sokuti zvose zvine musoro. Asi kuti dzidziso kushanda, unofanira kufunga mamiriro ezvinhu panowanikwa dzakawanda Exchange:

1. Pane nyika dzinenge mbiri, mumwe izvo zvinhu zviri kugadzirwa munyika zvakawandisa, uye umwe kuona dhefisiti kwayo.
2. Pricing anotora nzvimbo pachiyero kuenzanisa zvinhu okuwana.
3. The mufambo zvinhu okuwana, kureva, ariko mukana zvichiita (somuenzaniso, munda chokufambisa hazvibviri).

Aongorora kukura dzimwe nyika muzana remakore rapfuura, mumwe wechiduku mudzidzi akauya ake dzidziso. Saka ipapo Rybczynski theorem no. ayo chidzoke nguva yakanga iri pamukwidza uye kuderera pamusoro capitalist kunyika dzose "rechitatu nyika" nyika.

The mashoko Rybczynski dzidziso

Saka, inguva yokuita zvinhu kunoreva dzidziso British Economist. Akataura kuti kana pane vaviri chete zvikonzero kuti pagadzirwe nenhumbi, uye kana tinowedzera kushandiswa chete, zvingava kunotoreva zvinoderedza pagadzirwe nhumbi nokuda chinhu chechipiri.

kunyatsotsanangura

Pakutanga, zviri kuvhiringidza chaizvo Rybczynski theorem no. Muchidimbu kureva huru chaizvo. Fungidzira mapoka maviri. Mumwe unobereka makombiyuta iyo unofanira yakawanda guru, uye mari ane zvakawanda. Dzimwe achikura zviyo, nokuti iro iyewo ane zvakakwana zvinhu, kunyanya nokuda vechibharo. The boka rokutanga kwekurasira makombiyuta uye nokuda yakakwirira mutengo zvakawanda kunowedzera rayo guru, uye kudiwa riri kukura zvose mauto akaunganidza chete mukurima michina. Panguva iyoyo mari nokuti zviyo kugadzirwa rine zvishoma uye zvishoma basa kupinda mari yakawanda indasitiri, uye kambani iri dzakaora.

kuronga

Rybczynski Theorem anoti nhamba zvinhu nenzira rutapudzo kana akawedzera nguva dzose sei okupedzisira mugumisiro pagadzirwe, kana vaitirei yoga kwemauto kana upfumi hwose. Funga girafu.

Zvakare, muenzaniso chaiwo vachanzwisisa sei kuwedzera kana kutapudza zvinhu okuwana zvichienderana kudiwa. Maererano data, pane zviviri zvinhu X uye Y. For yokutanga inoda guta rechipiri - basa. The Vector wokutanga OF anoratidza sei Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri nhamba basa uye mari Zvinoda kubudisa chigadzirwa X pamwe kuwedzera kudiwa. Saizvozvowo, nokuti chigadzirwa Y, izvo maps of ari vector OE. The girafu anoratidza pfungwa G. Ndiyo nyika nezvinhu. Ndiko, pane mumwe neboka guru (GJ) uye basa (OJ). Inonzi nyika dzowokwake X uye Y zvinodiwa anobudiswa MUBHUKU ukuwo, F uye E.

Rybczynski theorem no inobva zvibereko kutariswa. Toti ichi ndicho guru. Zvino, nokuti kugadzirwa itsva bhuku yefuma Y (nokuti ekisipoti) chikonzero upfumi kuti anyatsoona chaizvo G _1. Nhamba chigadzirwa peremesitsya anogumira E ₁ uye kuwedzera nokureba yaro _1. Panguva iyoyowo, zvinhu guta nokuda X uchashayikwa, uye nokudaro kurimwa ruchawira ₁ FF pakakoromoka. Cherechedza kuti daro GG ₁ ndoda EE1. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyange chiduku kufamba rimwe zvinhu (mu iyi guru) mu ekisipoti kwemauto zvinotisvitsa disproportionate kuwedzera kwenhamba kugadzirwa zvinhu.

"Chirwere Dutch"

Rybczynski Theorem kwenguva refu kunogona kwete chete kune nokuderera nomumwe maindasitiri, asi kuti vasanyanye upfumi zvinogona yose. Mienzaniso munyika kushayikwa apo zvinhu zvisina kunaka kwakaita kuti nokuwedzera mitengo, kukura Gengi uye vasanyanye GDP. Izvi anonzi "chirwere Dutch".

Zita "utachiona" akaita anhonga muNetherlands. Rakanga imomo mid-70s wekupedzisira remakore paiva wokutanga dambudziko.

Inenge nguva ino yeDutch yakawanikwa guru matura negasi muGungwa North. Vakatanga kuteerera zvikuru kugadzirwa uye aina upfumi. Zvaizoratidza sokuti mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro upfumi munyika akakura, asi pakava zvachose akatarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu. Course Dutch mari akakura, pamwe kuwedzera aona nokukurumidza uye yakakwirira zvikuru, apo kunze kwenyika vemamwe zvinhu zvinokosha zviri kuwedzera kuderedzwa.

Migumisiro "chirwere Dutch"

Chikonzero ichi chaiva water drainage mari kubva inobereka sectors ekare zvigadzirwa kubudisa gasi. The chikuru ichi charehwa akakura, kunokonzera inivhesitimendi kunodiwa. Extraction kuti chinokosha aida mari, basa, uye rwokugadzira. About kunze kwenyika kune dzimwe nharaunda kukanganwa nokutarisa pane. Somugumisiro - the Gengi wakawedzera, uye nokudaro, kuti makwikwi enyika.

Rybczynski Theorem anoratidza zvakare kuti dambudziko racho reallocation mari kunogona kuitika zvose mumhuri uye vatorwa basa munyika. "Dutch chirwere" chibhokisi kunyika dzakawanda. The huru dambudziko kwakaitika pamwe Colombia pashure ndichifumira kudiwa kofi. Not vakapfuura utachiona uye masimba mazhinji European. Zvinobudirira akatorazve UK, France, Norway.

Japanese chishamiso zvoupfumi

Mumwe muenzaniso - Japan. nyika ino chitsuwa chiduku mumakore 60 apfuura, ave kushamiswa yose upfumi nyika nokukurumidza kusvetuka. Rybczynski theorem no vakashanda pano, asi chete pamwe kunobatsirawo.

inoti All inogona kukamurwa chinokosha uye maindasitiri. Vamwe aivigirwa kumusika nyika vari vainyanya zvigadzirwa, ichazovapo yakatsvuka zvinhu nokuda zvigadzirwa mune dzimwe nyika. Munyika idzi yakawanda manpower, asi zveminda zvidiki. Chimwe mhando wezvokutengeserana - ndiwo kupanana rakapera zvigadzirwa. Kazhinji, hurumende, vachitengesa kugadzirwa zvinhu, vane guta iripo uye rwokugadzira. Nokuti kuti muchikwata yokutanga vane kutenga zvigadzirwa anodhura yechipiri, wokupedzisira vapenyu zvakanaka.

Japan akatora mukana musimboti ichi. On ndima yayo duku kukura chinhu hazviiti. Resources, zvakare, anenge hapana. Zvose zviri - duku zvakaoma-vanoshanda uye akaoma musoro vanhu. Pamusana Zvakawanikwa mumunda kombiyuta, mafuta uye gasi kubudiswa uye nemakemikari maindasitiri, Japan akakwanisa kuvaka upfumi hwavo kuitira kuti vatenge chisingakoshi pakugadzira zvinhu, ivo nayo nechekare uye akasunungurwa kumusika nyika zvinodhura rakapera zvigadzirwa.

mhedziso

Rybczynski Theorem - ane akanatsiridzwa shanduro Heckscher-Ohlin wokuenzanisira, maererano iyo nyika kunze kwenyika zvinhu, nokuti kugadzirwa izvo kunoda kunyanyisa zviwanikwa, uye Zvinhu Finished zvigadzirwa kuita kuti asingagoni. Nezvoupfumi vanodavira kuti pakuwedzera aina avo nhumbi izvo zvave, nezvimwewo sale, mumwe disproportionate kuwedzera kupinzwa kare watengwa. Uye, vakutarisire. Kana pfungwa chairehwa chishoma zvinhu, nokufamba kwenguva kuchaderedza kudiwa kupinzwa.