Satirical zvakapesana mu rengano Saltykov-Shchedrin

Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin - musiki chaicho Genre chinokosha - a satirical ngano. nyaya Small munyori Russian kushoropodza muboka revatungamiriri uye autocracy, liberalism. Nyaya ino inokurukura mabasa aya Saltykov-Shchedrin, se "Wild muridzi", "Eagle-anorichengeta anonzi", "Akachenjera minnow", "Carp-idealist."

Features dzechembere Saltykov-Shchedrin

In rengano, munyori uyu anogona kusangana uye madimikira uye zvokufananidzira uye gudziramukanwa. Pane zvimwe zvinhu noruzhinji Aesopian nhoroondo. The kutaurirana pakati vevatambi maonero nezvaiva iri nzanga iri XIX remakore. Ndezvipi unyanzvi hunoshandiswa satirical munyori? Kuti tipindure mubvunzo uyu, tinofanira kuva muchidimbu yemunyori upenyu saka utsinye vanachandagwinyira nyika Varidzi kutsiura.

pamusoro munyori

Saltykov-Shchedrin aibatanidza ake mabhuku basa pamwe rinoitirwa. Munyori ramangwana akazvarwa Tver mudunhu, asi pashure kuguma Lyceum akaenda St. Petersburg, apo akagamuchira chinzvimbo muna War Office. Nechekare mumakore okutanga kushanda mu guru muduku mukuru akatanga yaoma muboka revatungamiriri, nhema, kufinhwa kutonga masangano. Nomufaro mukuru Saltykov-Shchedrin vakapinda siyana mabhuku manheru, iyo hunodzorwa antiserfdom kumunetsawo. About maonero ake, yazivisa Petersburgers munyaya "A yakaoma Inhau," "kupokana". Yaakanga kuutapwa Vyatka.

Life mudunhu kwakagonesa munyori kuchengeta bureaucratic nyika zvizere, upenyu Varidzi uye vanhuwo zvavo vadzvinyirirwe. Izvi rava nyaya mabasa Kwapera kuchinzi, uyewo paumbwe inokosha satirical nzira. A akararama Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin akamboti kwaari: "Anoziva Russian, kufanana hapana mumwe."

Satirical mazano Saltykov-Shchedrin

basa rake zvikuru siyana. Asi zvichida kupfuura akakurumbira pakati mabasa Saltykov-Shchedrin inongova rengano. Kune inokosha satirical nzira wandei izvo munyori akanga achiedza kuudza vaverengi ari inertia uye falsity ari muridzi munyika. Uye kupfuura zvose zviri zvinofananidzira. In rakafukidzwa munyori inoratidza dzezvematongerwo enyika zvikuru nyaya yokutaura dzavo pfungwa maonero.

Chimwe nzira - kushandisa naka motifs. Somuenzaniso, mu "The ngano pamusoro sei mumwe murume zvokudya vaviri vemauto" Ivo kushumira senzira okuti yokusagutsikana pamusoro landlords. Pakupedzisira, aireva satirical unyanzvi Shchedrin, tisingatauri kwokufananidzira. Handiti, magamba rengano kazhinji anotaura rimwe evanhu mananara ose XIX remakore. Saka, vanhu vanonyanya kutaurwa kuti "Konyaga" kwakaratidza zvose kwokurwadziwa vanhu Russian, vanomanikidzwa kwemazana emakore. Below ane kuongorora vakasarudzwa mabasa Saltykov-Shchedrin. Chii satirical nzira inoshandiswa mavari?

"Carp-idealist"

In zvakaedza ichi maonero vakadzidza vakaratidza Saltykov-Shchedrin. Satirical mazano anogona kuwanikwa chigadzirwa "Carp-idealist" - ndiye kwokufananidzira, kushandiswa dzakakurumbira mashoko uye zvirevo. Mumwe nomumwe wevanhu - a seboka mufananidzo vamiririri pasocial kirasi.

Zano inotenderera imwe rungano - kukurukurirana Carp uye Ruff. Chokutanga, yatova kunzwisisa kubva wenyaya basa unowanzonyengera rondedzero dzokufungidzira dzinowanzoguma maonero, kutenda zvakanakisisa. Ruff chete - zviri kudaro, mutsoropodzi dzidziso anokuseka nemuvengi waro. Pane nyaya, uye tsika wechitatu - Pike. hove iri ngozi chinofananidzira Saltykov-Shchedrin, masimba kuti kuva chigadzirwa. Pike anozivikanwa pamusoro pezvipikirwa kabhu. Last, rinosundwa yakanakisisa manzwiro, izvozvo rwunotumirwa chinorura. Mutemo utsinye rezvakasikwa (kana emakore akasimbisa akanyatsorongwa ari muvanhu) Karas anotenda. Wakatarisira kukurukura Pike nengano wakaenzana mukana, nokudenga mufaro, kunaka. Uye saka chafa. Pike, sezvo munyori manotsi, shoko "kunaka" hakusi kujaira.

Satirical unyanzvi anoshandiswa kwete chete rokushora Rigidity ari vamiririri zvimwe zvikamu vanhu. Navo, munyori ari kuedza kutaura kusava nematuro munyaya dzetsika nharo, izvo akaparadzirwa pakati vakadzidza pamusoro XIX remakore.

"Wild muridzi"

Related serfdom wakayeriswa zvakawanda nzvimbo nemabasa Saltykov-Shchedrin. Akanga chinhu kuudza vaverengi nyaya iyi. Zvisinei, achinyora journalistic nyaya pamusoro ukama pakati landlords kuti vanhuwo zvavo kana kuti bhuku, rikava mabasa ari Genre pakati realism panyaya yakanga hwakazara nemigumisiro nokuda munyori. Uye saka ndaifanira kushandisa mumadimikira, nyore enyambo nyaya. In "Wild muridzi womunda," tiri kutaura pamusoro randinenge Russian akabvuta chigaro, kwete vaisiyana erudition uye uchenjeri.

Iye anovenga "varume" uye zviroto zvavo kwesuko. At benzi muridzi chete havana kunzwisisa kuti aizofa pasina vanhuwo zvavo. Pashure pezvose, haadi kuita chinhu, uye asingazivi kuti sei. Mumwe angafunga kuti zvikabva ari gamba ngano iri muridzi, iyo, zvichida, munyori akasangana muupenyu chaihwo. Asi kwete. Izvi hazvisi pamusoro zvikuru tenzi upi. Pazuva evanhu rukoko yose.

To nepaunogona, pasina madimikira, ichi wenyaya Saltykov-Shchedrin pachena "Ishe Golovlyovo". The nganonyorwa wacho vatambi - vamiririri amachinda akasvika mhando - vanourayiwa mumwe nomumwe. Chikonzero vafa - upenzi, kusaziva, usimbe. Character rungano "The Wild muridzi womunda," chete mugumo. Handiti iye ndikabvisa vanhuwo zvavo, yakatanga zvakafadza asi upenyu pasina wakanga asina kugadzirira.

"Eagle-anorichengeta anonzi"

Magamba ngano ichi - emakondo makunguo. Wokutanga chinofananidzira Varidzi. Wechipiri - vanhuwo zvavo. Munyori zvakare vava kubvuma zvinofananidzira naro akaseka ari uipi simba. Nyaya iri varipowo Nightingale, Magpie, The Owl uye Woodpecker. Mumwe nomumwe shiri - zvinofananidzira pamusoro mhando yevanhu kana kirasi munzanga. Characters mu "Orel-Maecenas" zvakawanda humanized pane Somuenzaniso, magamba rengano "Carp-idealist." Saka, Woodpecker, wont nharo, mu pakupera nhoroondo shiri rava nedambudziko chikara, asi inowira vakapfigirwa.

"Wise minnow"

Sezvo ari mabasa pamusoro apa, zviri ngano uyu munyori inosimudza nyaya kuhupenyu nguva. Uye pano zvinova pachena kubva pakutanga mitsetse. Asi satirical nzira Saltykov-Shchedrin - kushandisa unyanzvi nzira nokuda dzinonetsa mufananidzo urema paruzhinji kwete chete, asiwo nokudenga. The raibuda mu "hove akachenjera," munyori ari hwokufananidzira werudzii ane upenyu hwaAbhigairi hwaizova: "Paiva ...". The gamba kuti Munyori yake inozivikanwa sezvinotevera: "chinhu avhenekerwa, mwero-worupo".

Woumbwende uye passivity mu ngano iyi akaseka tenzi guru satire. Pashure pezvose, zvakaipa izvi zvavo nhengo dzakawanda intelligentsia iri eighties ari XIX remakore. Minnow haritisiyi haana wake hupoteri. Anorarama upenyu hurefu, kudzivisa vagere mvura nyika ngozi. Asi rufu rwake chete asati anoziva sei kurashikirwa panguva yake refu uye zvisina upenyu.